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박태선,박홍규,강신구,구본일,최민규,이경보,고재권,Park, Tae-Seon,Park, Hong-Kyu,Kang, Sin-Koo,Ku, Bon-Il,Choi, Min-Kyu,Lee, Keong-Bo,Ko, Jae-Kwon 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2012 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.32 No.1
This study was conducted to find the effective management of main weeds including herbicide-resistant Echinochloa oryzicola, Scirpus juncoides and Monochoria vaginalis in direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface. The dominant dominances in direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface were increased for three years between 2009-2011. In weed distribution in 2011, the occurrence density of S. juncoides decreased greatly, but it of E. oryzicola increased especially as compared with it of 2009. Benzobicyclon, mesotrione and pyrimisulfan were effective to sulfonylurea(SU)-resistant S. juncoides and M. vaginalis at 5 and 12 days after seeding, however, the efficacy of bromobutide to sulfonylurea-resistant M. vaginalis was decreased slightly at 12 days after seeding. And carfentrazon and pyrazolate were ineffective to S. juncoides. In direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface which ACCase and ALS inhibitor-resistant E. oryzicola was not occurred, benzobicyclon+penoxsulam+pyrazosulfuron-ethyl ET, bromobutide+imazosulfuron+metamifop GR, and flucetosulfuron+mesotrione+pretilachlor GR showed the control effect over 94% to main weeds included sulfonylurea-resistant S. juncoides and M. vaginalis. The E. oryzicola dominating in direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface were not any affected to the survival by treatment with recommended doses of cyhalofop-butyl and penoxsulam tested. The ACCase and ALS inhibitor-resistant E. oryzicola was effectively controlled by mefenacet and fentrazamide up to the 2nd leaf stage. In direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface domiating coincidentally by herbicide-resistant E. oryzicola, S. juncoides and M. vaginalis, "one-shot herbicide" included with mefenacet, fentrazamide, penoxsulam and metamifop could't be used because of low control effect or rice injury. The sequential treatment of benzobicyclon+thiobencarb SE and bensulfuron+mefenacet+thiobencarb GR controlled effectively the herbicide-resistant E. oryzicola, S. juncoides and M. vaginalis in direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface. The days required by the 3rd leaf stage of herbicide-resistant E. oryzicola, S. juncoides and M. vaginalis in direct seeded rice on puddled paddy surface seeded in May 20 shortened by 4 days as compared with it of June 10.
ACCase 및 ALS 저해 제초제들에 대한 저항성 강피의 반응과 대체약제들의 효과
박태선(Tae-Seon Park),구본일(Bon-Il Ku),강신구(Sin-Koo Kang),최민규(Min-Kyu Choi),박홍규(Hong-Kyu Park),이경보(Kyong-Bo Lee),고재권(Jae-Kwon Ko) 韓國雜草學會 2010 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.30 No.3
ACCase 저해해제인 cyhalofop-butyl과 ALS 저해제인 penoxsulam은 한국의 직파재배 논에서 수년 동안 경엽 처리용으로 사용되어지고 있다. 그러나 2009년 이후 익산, 김제, 부안에서 이들 제초제를 사용한 벼 직파재배 논에서 강피 약효에 대한 민원이 증가하고 있다. ACCase 및 ALS 저해제 저항성으로 추정되는 강피를 3개 지역에서 수집하여 온실조건에서 cyhalofop-butyl과 penoxsulam에 대한 저항성 정도를 검증하였다. 익산과 김제의 수집종은 cyhalofop-butyl과 penoxsulam의 추천량에서 완전 생존하였으며, 부안 수집종은 약 60% 생존하였다. 온실조건에서 화본과 잡초인 피를 방제를 위한 ACCase 및 ALS 저해제들 이 혼합된 제초제들을 강피 3.5엽기에 처리한 결과 무처리 대비 생존율은 80% 이상으로 나타났다. 파종 및 이앙전 처리제들인 oxadiazon EC, pyrazolate SC, pretilachlor EC, benzobicyclon+thiobencarb SE들은 강피 0.5엽기에서 효과적이었으며, benzobicyclon+fentrazamide+bensulfuron SC, benzobicyclon+mefenacet+bensulfuron SC 그리고 benzobicyclone+cafenstrole+pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR은 강피 2엽기까지 효과적으로 방제하였다. 포장실험에서 benzobicyclon+fentrazamide+bensulfuron SC과 benzobicyclon+mefenacet+bensulfuron SC의 단일처리에서는 저항성 강피의 방제에 실패하였으나, benzobicyclon+thiobencarb SE와 benzobicyclon+mefenacet+bensulfuron SC의 체계처리는 강피를 효과적으로 방제하였다. 따라서 강피의 익산, 김제 수집종은 cyhalofop-butyl과 penoxsulam에 대하여 강한 저항성을 보였으나, 작용기작이 다른 cafenstrole, fentrazamibe, mefenacet에 의해 2엽기 이내에는 효과적으로 방제되었다. Cybalofop-butyl and penoxsulam, known for respective acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor, have been widely using as a post-emergence foliar application for many years in wet-seeded rice field in Korea. Since 2009, control of Echinochloa oryzoides with cyhalofop-butyl and penoxsulam was no longer satisfactory. Greenhouse and experiment in rice field were conducted to confirm E. oryzoides resistance to ACCase and ALS inhibitors and to compare herbicide treatments for control of the resistant E. oryzoides to ACCase and ALS inhibitors. Three resistant E. oryzoides to ACCase and ALS inhibitors accessions were tested for levels of resistance to cyhalofop-butyl and penoxsulam, base on survival rate. Iksan and Kimje accessions were not any affected to the survival by treatment with recommended doses of two herbicides tested. Buan accession displayed an intermediate response of 62 and 72% survival at recommended doses of cyhalofop-butyl and penoxsulam, respectively. Survival rates to herbicides mixed with ACCase and ALS inhibitors at 3.5 leaf stage of E. oryzoides was over 80%. Benzobicyclon+fentrazamide+bensulfuron SC, benzobicyclon+mefenacet+bensulfuron SC, benzobicyclone-cafenstrole+pyrazosulfuron-ethyl GR controlled effectively by 2 leaf stage of resistant E. oryzoides to ACCase and ALS inhibitors. In the field experiment, single treatment of benzobicyclon+ fentrazamide+bensulfuron SC and benzobicyclon+mefenacet+bensulfuron SC failed to control E. oryzoides, but squential treatment of benzobicyclon+thiobencarb SE and benzobicyclon+ mefenacet+bensulfuron SC controlled effectively it in rice infant seedling culture with machine. Our results suggest that resistant E. oryzoides to ACCase and ALS inhibitors had not developed multiple resistance to herbicides with different modes of action. In particular, cafenstrole, fentrazamide, mefenacet were effective control measures.
식염수 - Sephadex 가 Tc - Sephadex 의 폐분포에 미치는 영향
이장규,고주환,성호경,강신구,문광남 대한핵의학회 1971 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.5 No.2
The organ distribution study and the whole body scan were done in the albino rats at intervals of 5, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the intravenous injection of 99Tc-pertechnetate absorbed in Sephadex beads of 20~80 micra in diameter. Effect of additional injection of physiological saline and saline absorbed in Sephadex beads of 20~80 micra in diameter on the scan and organ distribution were also studied. The results were as follows. 1. Five minutes after the injection of 99Tc-pertechnetate absorbed in Sephadex beads of 20 ~80 micra in diameter, Sephadex was well trapped in the lungs, with which the excellent lung scan was obtained. Two hours after the injection, kidneys were well visualised instead of lungs, which suggested that kidney acts as the excretory organ. Five minutes prior to scan, additional injection of physiological saline absorbed in Sephadex above mentioned was done. The bladder was also well visualized together with the kidneys. 2. In the distribution studies, most of radioactivity was detected in the lungs at 5 minutes and was gradually transferred chiefly to the kidneys and bladder and partly to the liver. 3. Additional injection of physiological saline resulted in a rapid transfer of 99Tc trapped in the lung to both the kidneys and liver. 4. Additional injection of physiological saline absorbed in Sephadex beads of 20~80 micra in diameter resulted in a rapid transfer of Tc trapped in the lung to only the urinary system. 5 .Results of these studies suggested that ; a) Other nutrients and therapeutic compounds may be carried into the lungs along with Sephadex beads and then released in high concentration, which would exert greater therapeutic effect locally than that of the usual administration b) Some radionuclides absorbed in Sephadex could be used as the lung scan. agents, the flushing out of which by Sephadex-saline also give satisfactory renal and bladder scane. c) Other potent therapeutic radionuclides could be retained for some time by this method, which can be in the lungs easily flushed out within 2 hours.