결혼생활이 부인 건강에 미치는 영향

서문희 ( Moon-hee Suh ) 한국보건사회연구원 1994 保健社會硏究 Vol.14 No.1

이 연구는 부부관계가 부인 건강에 미치는 영향을 규명하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 부인이 스스로 평가한 건강상태를 종속변수로 하고, 남편에 대한 만족도 부부간의 대화 정도, 부부 동반 활동 및 사회인구학적 특성을 독립변수로 하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 부인의 남편에 대한 만족도가 부인 건강과 가장 밀접한 관련이 있었고, 부부간의 대화정도도 상당한 영향을 미치고 있었으나 부부 동반 활동을 별 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 사회인구학적 변수 중에서는 연령, 교육수준, 월소득 등이 유의하였다. 연령이 많아짐에 따라서 독립변수들의 설명력은 높아진다. 또한 부부관계 변수가 갖는 영향력의 비중은 30, 40대 보다는 결혼 초기인 20대, 그리고 성장한 50대에서 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 우애와 평등에 기초한 수평적 부부관계의 정립이 바람직함을 시사하고 있으므로 이를 위한 학교와 사회 교육의 강화 및 프로그램의 개발 노력이 있어야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of marital relationship on the well-being of the married women compared with the effect of socioeconomic variables. The marital relationship was measured by level of satisfaction with husband, level of conversation with husband, and level of joint activities. Well-being of the women was measured by the self-assessment on their own health. The analysis method was multiple regression, which was implemented by age cohorts in order to control the effect of age on health. In each age cohort there were two regressions: first, variables representing marital relationship were included as independent variables and excluded next time. The analysis showed that satisfaction level and conversation level have significant effect. But the level of joint activities has no effect at all, which can be explained through the lack of couple culture in Korean societies. Such socioeconomic variables as education level and monthly income also have considerable effect even though there were differences according to the age group. Generally, the effect of marital relationship and socioeconomic effect on self-assessed health level of the women increased as age increased. In other words, the predictability of self-assessed level of the currently married women by marital relationship and socioeconomic variables increases as they become older. The relative importance of marital relationship on the self-assessed health level, compared with socio-economic variables, was greatest among women in their 20s and followed by women in their 50s, whose duty to care for and educate their children was relatively light The results of this study suggests that harmonious marital relationship can contribute mental and physical well-being of the members as well as familial stability. Based on the results of this analysis we can consider several policy implications for the well -being of the women: the family law needs to be revised for the more equal status of women: the education in school and social education institutes needs to be reinforced for the reestablishment of the role and function of wife and husband in modern societies based on friendness and equity.

부인의 이혼과 재혼에 영향을 미치는 사회인구학적 및 결혼 관련 요인

서문희 ( Moon-hee Suh ) 한국보건사회연구원 1993 保健社會硏究 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 초혼의 이혼과 초혼 이혼 후 재혼에 관한 연구로서, 부인의 사회인구학적특성, 결혼결정 행태 및 결혼생활 관련 특성을 파악하여 초혼 이혼 및 재혼에 미치는 요인을 규명코자 하였다. 여기에 사용된 자료는 `1991년 출산력 및 가족보건 실태조사` 자료의 일부로서 모두 7,462명의 15~49세 기혼부인의 응답결과이며, 연구방법은 기술분석, t값 검증, 로지트 회귀분석법을 사용하였다. 조사대상 부인의 1.6%가 초혼 이혼을 경험하였는데 이들은 결혼 후 평균 약 7.5년 뒤인 29.5세경에 자녀를 1.3명 두고 이혼하였고, 이혼 사유는 약 반 가량이 성격 차이라고 표명하며, 이혼 후 막내 자녀의 양육 책임자는 부인과 남편이 반반 정도인데 남편은 주위 친척의 도움을 받아 양육하는 경우가 많았다. 이혼에 영향을 주는 요인으로 사회인구학적 변수인 부인 교육수준, 부인과 남편의 초혼 연령 및 부부간의 연령 차이와 더불어 교제기간, 결혼결정 방법과 같은 결혼하는 과정과 관련된 변수가 결혼 후의 이혼에 결정적인 영향을 미친다. 이 중에서도 특히 남편결혼연령이 20세 미만이나 35세 이상인 경우와 결혼을 당사자나 부모가 단독 결정했을 때의 2개 변수가 로지트 모형의 분석에서 유의한 이혼 결정요인으로 나타났다. 한편 초혼 이혼 후 그들의 40% 가량이 재혼을 한 것으로 조사되었는데, 재혼에는 대체로 사회인구학적 변수로 부인의 교육수준과 이혼시 연령, 초혼과 관련된 초혼시 교제기간 및 결정방법,그리고 부인의 이혼 후 자녀양육 여부와 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 이혼시 연령이 적을수록, 초혼 전의 교제기간이 짧을수록,그리고 막내 자녀를 양육하는 부담을 지고 있지 않을수록 이혼 후 재혼할 확률이 유의하게 높았다. The divorce rate (No. of divorces per 1,000 marriages) in 1991 was 11.7, which had increased rapidly from 3.9 in 1970. Though the rate is of course not so high compared to that of western countries, it has increased greatly in the last 20 years owing to the socioeconomic development and improvement of women`s status including increased opportunity of employment. The objective of this study was to review the actual state of divorce in the first marriage and remarriage after that and to find out the determinants of divorce and remarriage among Korean women. The data used in this study were 7,462 ever married women aged 15~49, which was collected through 1991 Survey on National Fertility and Health conducted by KIHASA. The analytic method was descriptive analysis, T-test and logit regression. Among the respondents 1.6% answered that they experienced divorce in the first marriage. The average marriage duration of the divorced was 7.5 years and average age at divorce was 29.5 years old. Their average number of children was 1.3, and main reason for divorce was discrepancy in character. The most important determinants of divorce was whether the husband`s age at marriage was younger than 20 or older than 35 and whether marriage was decided by themselves or their parents alone without consent between them. Besides, educational level of women, age at marriage of women, duration of acquaintance before marriage also influenced the divorce in the first marriage. Those women whose educational level was not higher than primary school, who married before 20 years old and married without having more than 1 month`s acquaintance period showed relatively high divorce rate. Among the divorced women about 40% remarried. The analysis on the determinants of remarrige showed that younger age at divorce, shorter duration of acquaintance in the first marriage and no-burden of children were significant influencial variables.

피임실천 및 방법별 사용에 관한 요인분석: 1968~1991

서문희 ( Moon-hee Suh ),조대희 ( Dae-hee Cho ) 한국보건사회연구원 1993 保健社會硏究 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 피임사용 및 방법별 사용에 있어 여러 사회인구학적 변수 중 어떤 변수가 어느 정도 영향을 미치고 있으며 또 그것이 과거로부터 현재에 이르기까지 어떻게 변화 되어 왔는가를 1968, 1974, 1982, 1988, 1991년도 당원 출산력 조사자료에 대한 로지스틱 회귀분석법을 사용하여 분석·제시하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 인구·사회학적 제 변수가 피임실천 및 피임방법별 사용에 영향을 주고 있음을 보여준다. 오늘날 피임실천율이 포화상태에 달해서 피임사용에 있어 기타 주변 변수가 별 영향을 미치지 않을 것이라고 생각될 수 있으나 분석결과는 여전히 주변 변수가 피임사용에 영향을 미치고 있음을 보여 주었다. 그런데 정도면에서는 연도별로 차이를 보여서 1968년도 자료분석에서 거의 모든 변수가 유의한 것으로 분석되었고 1988년 이 유의한 변수의 수가 가장 적은데 이는 정부가 1980년대에 보여 주었던 강력한 인구 억제 정책이 그 차별화를 희박하게 만들었기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 이와 같은 결과는 높은 피임실천 수준에도 불구하고 취약 인구집단이 있음을 반영하는 것으로 평가된다. The contraceptive use rate in 1991 was 79.4 %,which showed that the contraceptive use rate had reached the saturation point in Korea. In fact the rapid increase in the use rate was evaluated as one of three major contributors in decreasing the TFR below the replacement level along with age at marriage and induced abortion. The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of contraceptive use by method in 1968, 1974, 1982,1988, and 1991 using logistic regression as the statistical method. The results showed that the sociodemographic variables have a significant relationship with contraceptive use. The effect was most strong in 1968. Even though the relationship was somewhat less in 988, it recovered the strong relationship in 1991. This result rejected the idea that there may be a weak or no relationship between socioeconomic variables and contraceptive use owing to the effect of popular contraceptive use and increased availability of contraceptives. The relatively weak relationship in 1988 can be explained by the reinforced family planning programs of the government during the 1980s. Based on the analysis we can learn that in spite of the high contraceptive use rate, part of the poulation is still subject to unwanted pregnancies, so the government should endeavor to provide qualitative services to improve the quality of life as well as to maintain an appropriate fertility level.

우리나라 출생성비(出生性比) 불균형(不均衡)의 지역차이(地域差異)에 관한 연구(硏究)

서문희 ( Moon-hee Suh ) 한국보건사회연구원 1995 保健社會硏究 Vol.15 No.2

不均衡 狀態에 있는 우리나라의 出生性比는 지역적 편차를 보여 大邱를 중심으로 한 嶺南地域의 출생성비가 상대적으로 높다. 또한 이 지역은 출생성비의 불균형이 少子女 規範과도 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구는 조사 자료를 통해서 嶺南地域은 男兒選好觀이 강하고 性 選別的 出産에 대한 選好態度도 높을 뿐 아니라, 실제로 性 選別的 出産 比率도 높다는 사실을 검증하였으며, 또한 조선시대 儒敎의 사학기관인 書院 數의 地域的 特性을 통해 嶺南地域이 다른 지역에 비해 儒敎的 傳統이 강하다는 점을 제시함으로 出生性比의 不均衡이 우리사회의 儒敎的 傳統에 깊은 뿌리를 두고 있음을 증명하고자 하였다. 出生性比 不均衡을 緩和할 수 있는 방안은 크게 國民 弘報, 女性 地位 向上, 不法 醫療行爲에 대한 監視 및 處罰의 强化, 醫療人의 意識 改革을 통한 職業 倫理의 確立을 들 수 있는데, 무엇보다도 여성 지위의 개선이 중요하며, 특히, 嶺南地域에서는 이 같은 노력이 倍加되어야 할 것이다. 출생성비 불균형과 관련한 각종 법규의 개선은 中央政府에서, 그리고 홍보 및 의료인의 의식 개혁 및 감시활동을 통한 불법 의료 행위의 근절은 地方政府 및 地域社會가 주체가 될 때 보다 효과가 높은 것으로 기대된다. Owing to the socio-economic development and strong population control programme,fertility has precipitously declined below the replacement level in Korea despite a strong adherence to the attitude of son preference during last three decades. However, a new demographic phenomenon of a distorted sex ratio at birth has emerged, especially since 1985,resulting in a sex ratio of 115.6 in 1993 with severe area differencials. Youngnam area, the southeast area of Korea which consited of two large cities and two provinces, showed the highest sex ratio at birth: Dague 125.0, North Kyougsang Province 134.5,South Kyougsang Province 121.7,Pusan 118.7. The sex imbalance in birth began in the second largest city in this area, Dague, and has diffused to neighboring rural areas, North and South Kyougsang Province. Recently, the sex ratio at birth in Pusan, the largest city in this area, began to increase. An analysis of national survey data showed that in the areas with the most distorted imbalance, people not only have a stronger preference for sons and more favoring attitude toward sex-selective induced abortion, but also actally have more sex-selective induced abortions after checking the sex of the fetus. This analysis proved that the sex imbalance is being caused by means of sex-selective induced abortions after checking the sex of the fetus. Due to the belief that the root of son preference and sex-selective birth lies in the Confucian tradition, we hypothized that the areas which showed the highest sex imbalances at birth have a stronger Confucian tradition as compared to other areas. In fact in Youngnam area there were many private Confucian educational institutions during the Choson dynasty. Confucianism was the national religion during the Choson dynasty for 500 years. Confucianism teaches that family has the most important value,and the family provid the basic structure for social and national arrangement. Moreover, the family lineage must be passed down through the first son. Recently, of course, the value system hsa been modernized considerably, but the tradition of giving priority to sons has remained not only in customs but also in laws. Recommmdations for future policies to alleviate the sex imbalance at birth are as follows: 1) The communication and education through mass media or group education needs to be reinforced in order to inform the public about the side effects of the sex selected birth and induced abortion following sex checking; 2) As sex imbalence is mainly due to the attitude of son preference, measures for improving the status of women should be continuously implemented. The Family Law need to be more revised for the equal ststus of both sexes and the law of equal employment of women need to be kept and further improved; 3) Self-reform movement among physicians or through medical associations are necessary to improve the current sutuation concerning illegal medical behavior; 4) The quantity and quality of education about medical ethics in medical college curricula or job training cources needs to be reinforced; 5) The inspection and punishment of illegal medical services must be reinforced. Especially local governments in Youngnam area should make more efforts to decrease the son preference attitude and sex selective birth.

보육인력(保育人力) 자격관리(資格管理) 현황(現況)과 제도(制度) 개선방안(改善方案)

서문희 ( Moon-hee Suh ),이상헌 ( Sang-hun Lee ),임유경 ( You-kyoung Lim ) 한국보건사회연구원 2000 保健社會硏究 Vol.20 No.2

이 논문은 보육인력의 자격관리제도 개선에 연구의 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위하여 보육에서 보육인력의 전문성과 보육인력이 보육의 질에 미치는 영향과 현재 보육인력 자격관리 현황을 검토하였으며, 이를 토대로 『자격기본법』 에 기초한 보육인력 자격제도 도입방안을 제시하였다. 보육시설에서는 아동과 가정의 복지를 위한 영양·건강·안전 등의 보호적 기능, 교육적 기능, 사회 서비스 기능 등을 통합한 종합적인 서비스를 제공해야 한다. 따라서 무엇보다도 먼저 보육인력의 전문성이 확보되어 야 하는데, 이와 같은 전문성은 보육인력 자격제도를 통하여 효율적으로 확보·유지될 수 있다. 자격은 일정한 기준과 절차에 따라 평가 인정된 지식·기술의 습득정도로서 직무수행에 필요한 능력이다. 그러므로 우선 보육인력에 대한 자격 기준을 엄격하게 설정하여야 하고, 보육교사를 배출·공급하는 교육기관의 교육과정이 보육교사로서의 전문성 확보에 적절하고 효율적이어야 한다. 대학에서의 인정 교과목이나 보육교사교육원 교육과정의 개선이 요구된다. 두 번째로는 국가가 보육교사로서의 전문성을 인정받을 수 있는 자격증을 발급하여야 한다. 이를 위해서는 영유아보육법에서 검정의 기준, 방법, 절차 등의 제도가 적절하게 마련되어야 한다. 또한 국가자격을 취득한 자는 자격과 관련된 직무능력을 유지·발전시키기 위한 보수교육을 받아야 한다. 따라서 현재의 보수교육체계를 강화하여 보수교육에 대한 개념을 명확히 하고 일정기간 단위로 보수교육을 받도록 의무화하고 이를 승급과 연계시켜야 한다. This paper aims at improving qualification management system for childcare personnel. In order to this ends, it will be reviewed how much the profession of childcare personnel affect to the quality of childcare. Also, the present situation of qualification management system of childcare personnel will be reviewed. According to this review, the improved qualification management system of childcare personnel is suggested. Childcare institutions should guarantee a variety services including nutrition care, health and safety of children, education and social service. In order to provide these services to children, childcare institutions must first of all employ childcare personnels who have completed professional childcare programs. Second, childcare institution must effectively manage these personnels through an efficient qualification management system. Third, the qualification management system for childcare personnel must rigidly be set up. Fourth, efficient educational courses should be offered at educational institutions to train and teach those who aspire to work in the childcare sector. The courses should be updated and improved regularly. Fifth, government must grant a qualification paper to those who are recognized as qualified. In order to set up an efficient qualification management system, the childcare law for infants and preschoolers must be revised to be established standard, method, process for the qualification review. Lastly, the childcare personnels must be re-trained and re-educated regularly to work continuously in the childcare sector. Mandatorization of regular re-training and integration of re-training and re-education programs with wage of promotion system will be required to establish an efficient qualification management system.

근로녀성(勤勞女性)의 성지식(性知識) 격차(隔差)에 영향을 미치는 요인(要因)에 관한 연구(硏究)

서문희 ( Mun Hee Suh ),홍문식 ( Moon Sik Hong ) 한국보건사회연구원 1985 保健社會硏究 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out the influence level of structural and functional characteristics on the knowledge gap. In explaining the knowledge gap, structural variables such as age, education, economic status and functional variable such as salience was regarded as independent variables, while seeked exposure to related information was regarded as mediating variable. In this study the topics were family planning and sex informations among the unmarried females workers. The data collected for the study on knowledge and attitude on population and sex among unmarried female workers by Korea Institute for Population and Health in 1983 was partly used. At one way ANOVA analysis, age, education, salience and seeked exposure level showed significant effects on the difference of group means on family planning and sex knowledge level. Only economic variable showed no relations at all. At multiple regression analysis using path model, education and salience was found as explaining seeked exposure by 32 percent and age added little. In also the multiple regression analysis, the explaining power of knowledge was figured out. In explaining reproductive physiological knowledge, exposure had 29 percent explaining power which is followed by educationg with four percent. Beside these, salience and age showed no adding power. In the contraceptive use knowledge the seeked exposure had 26 percent and followed by salience with five percent. We can assumed that knowledge gap on physiology formed structually while knowledge gap on contraceptive use came from functional reason, relatively. In summary, education and salience determined the seeked exposure level which again had effects on knowledge level. Therefore the family planning and sex education through school or institutional education must to be strengthend for the principle knowledges. Before the unmarried female workers become to involve in opposite sex problems or date, enough informations to have healthy social life must to be educated.

10代 勤勞女性의 特性 및 性에 대한 態度 硏究

洪文植(Moon Sik Hong),徐文姬(Moon Hee Suh) 한국보건교육건강증진학회 1986 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.3 No.1

모유수유 실천 및 수유기간에 영향을 미치는 요인

황원주,강대룡,서문희,정우진,Hwang, Won-Ju,Kang, Dae-Ryong,Suh, Moon-Hee,Chung, Woo-Jin 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the rate and duration of breastfeeding. Methods: We analyzed the data from the year 2000 Korea National Fertility Survey that was collected through direct interviews. In particular, the mothers who delivered their last child and the child was under 1 year of age from January 1998 to June 2000 (N=1,066) were analyzed via a logistic model to assess the factors affecting the breastfeeding rate. Among the study subjects, those who had initiated breastfeeding (N=740) were analyzed through Cox's proportional hazard model to evaluate the factors affecting the duration of breastfeeding. Results: The multivariate logistic model showed that the delivery type and the baby's birth-weight have a statistically significant influence on the breastfeeding rate. Women who delivered their babies through Cesarean section were less likely than others to breastfeed. In contrast, the women whose babies weighed 2.5Kg or more were more likely than others to breastfeed. The results obtained from the survival analysis are as follows: the higher the mother's education level, the shorter is the breastfeeding duration. The mother's work status played a significant role in the early termination of breastfeeding. Women aged 35 or older showed a longer breastfeeding duration than the younger age groups, whereas the maternal age was not a significant factor in affecting whether or not a mother would breastfeed. Conclusions: Reducing the cases of operative delivery (Cesarean section) and low weight births, enlightening young and highly educated women on breastfeeding and improving the environment for breastfeeding on the job are important strategies to encourage women to breastfeed.

우리나라 부부의 영구피임 결정요인

김주희,이선미,서문희,강대룡,정우진,Kim, Ju-Hee,Lee, Sun-Mi,Suh, Moon-Hee,Kang, Dae-Ryong,Chung, Woo-Jin 대한예방의학회 2007 예방의학회지 Vol.40 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of sterilization in South Korea. Methods : This study was based on the data from the Korea National Fertility Survey carried out in the year 2000 by the Korea Institute of Health and Social Affairs. The subjects of the analysis were 4,604 women and their husbands who were in their first marriage, in the age group of 15-49 years. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results : Consistent with the findings of previous studies, the woman#s age and the number of total children increased the likelihood of sterilization. In addition, the year of marriage had a strong positive association with sterilization. Interestingly, the number of surviving sons tended to increase the likelihood of sterilization, whereas the woman#s education level and age at the time of marriage showed a negative association with sterilization. Religion, place of residence, son preference, and the husband#s education level, age and type of occupation were not significant determinants of sterilization. Conclusions : The sex of previous children and lower level of education are distinct determinants of sterilization among women in South Korea. More studies are needed in order to determine the associations between sterilization rate and decreased fertility.

우리나라 보육실습의 현황분석: 보육실습 기관 및 지도교사, 보육실습생, 보육실습 지도비를 중심으로

김의향 ( Eui Hyang Kim ),서문희 ( Moon Hee Suh ),성미영 ( Mi Young Sung ),민미희 ( Mi Hee Min ) 대한가정학회 2010 Family and Environment Research Vol.48 No.6

This study aimed to investigate the current condition of student childcare training in Korea. Participants were 221 university professors, 467 childcare center directors, and 1,260 guidance teachers in Korea. They completed questionnaires the current condition of student childcare training centers, guidance teachers, student teachers, and student childcare training fees. The results showed 64.4% of these centers charged a student childcare training fee, and 35.6% of them did not charge a fee. The average student childcare training fee was 41,000 won. This study aims to offer a realistic understanding and effective information on student childcare training in Korea and to suggest practical standards for student childcare training.