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High-Temperature Corrosion of T92 Steel in N2/H2O/H2S-Mixed Gas
( Yuke Shi ),( Min Jung Kim ),( Soon Yong Park ),( M. Ali Abro ),( Poonam Yadav ),( Dong Bok Lee ) 한국부식방식학회(구 한국부식학회) 2016 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.15 No.3
The ASTM T92 steel was corroded at 600 ℃ and 800 ℃ at 1 atm of N2/3.1%H2O/2.42%H2S-mixed gas. The formed scales were thick and fragile. They consisted primarily of the outer FeS scale and the inner (FeS, FeCr2S4)-mixed scale containing a small amount of the Cr2O3 scale. This indicated that corrosion occurred mainly via sulfidation rather than oxidation due to the H2S gas. Since FeS was present throughout the whole scale, T92 steel was non-protective, displaying high corrosion rates.
Ti-44Al-6Nb-2Cr-0.3Si-0.1C 합금의 0.2%SO2/Ar가스에서의 고온부식
SHI YUKE,XIAO XIAO,김성웅,홍재근,한준희,이동복 대한금속·재료학회 2019 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.57 No.10
Cast Ti–44Al–6Nb–2Cr–0.3Si–0.1C alloy having good air-oxidation resistance was corroded under 1 atm of flowing 0.2%SO2/Ar gas at 900-1100 oC for 50-300 h in order to examine its corrosion behavior in a SO2-containing environment, because SO2 is an industrially important by-product in the field of combustion and processing of fossil fuels. The corrosion rate in 0.2%SO2/Ar gas was faster than that in 0.2%O2/Ar gas, suggesting that sulfur deteriorated the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The scale consisted primarily of an outer TiO2 oxide layer with some α-Al2O3 islands, and an inner α-Al2O3-rich, TiO2-deficient oxide layer. Ti and Al, having strong oxygen affinities, preferentially oxidized to highly stable rutile-TiO2 and α-Al2O3 in the oxide scale. Small amounts of Cr and (Nb, Cr) dissolved in the outer and inner oxide layer, respectively. The outer oxide layer formed mainly by outward diffusion of Ti and Al, along with a lesser amount of Cr. The inner oxide layer formed by inward diffusion of oxygen and sulfur. The consumption of oxygen in the oxide scale facilitated the formation of Ti2S and Nb1-xS sulfides in the subscale. Oxidation and sulfidation prevailed in the oxide scale and the subscale, respectively. Sulfur migrated across the oxide scale into the subscale, where Nb, Cr, and Si accumulated to a certain extent due to their thermodynamic nobility when compared to Ti and Al. Although the alloy displayed good corrosion resistance in 0.2%SO2/Ar gas, microcracking and void formation in the oxide scale and subscale were unavoidable.
High Temperature Corrosion of Cr(III) Coatings in N₂/0.1%H₂S Gas
Dong Bok Lee,Shi Yuke 한국표면공학회 2019 한국표면공학회지 Vol.52 No.3
Chromium was coated on a steel substrate by the Cr(III) electroplating method, and corroded at 500-900℃ for 5 h in N₂/0.1%H₂S-mixed gas to study the high-temperature corrosion behavior of the Cr(III) coating in the highly corrosive H₂S-environment. The coating consisted of (C, O)-supersaturated, nodular chromium grains with microcracks. Corrosion was dominated by oxidation owing to thermodynamic stability of oxides compared to sulfides and nitrides. Corrosion initially led to formation of the thin Cr₂O₃ layer, below which (S, O)-dissolved, thin, porous region developed. As corrosion progressed, a Fe₂Cr₂O₄ layer formed below the Cr₂O₃ layer. The coating displayed relatively good corrosion resistance due to formation of the Cr₂O₃ scale and progressive sealing of microcracks.
Corrosion of Fe-9%Cr-1%Mo Steel at 600 and 700℃ in N₂/(0.5, 2.5)%H₂S-mixed Gas
Dong Bok Lee,Muhammad Ali Abro,Poonam Yadav,Sang Hwan Bak,Yuke Shi,Min Jung Kim 한국표면공학회 2016 한국표면공학회지 Vol.49 No.2
The T91 steel (Fe-9%Cr-1%Mo) was corroded at 600 and 700℃ for 5 - 70 h in the N₂/(0.5, 2.5)%H₂Smixed gas at one atm. It was corroded fast, forming the outer FeS layer and the inner (FeS, FeCr₂O₄)-mixed layer. The formation of the outer FeS layer facilitated the oxidation of Cr to FeCr₂O₄ in the inner layer. Since the nonprotective FeS scale was present over the whole scale, T91 steel displayed poor corrosion resistance.
High-temperature Corrosion of CrAlSiN Films in Ar/1%SO₂ Gas
Dong Bok Lee,Xiao Xiao,Junhee Hahn,Sewon Son,Shi Yuke 한국표면공학회 2019 한국표면공학회지 Vol.52 No.5
Nano-multilayered Cr25.2Al19.5Si4.7N50.5 films were deposited on the steel substrate by cathodic arc plasma deposition. They were corroded at 900℃ in Ar/1%SO₂ gas in order to study their corrosion behavior in sulfidizing/oxidizing environments. Despite the presence of sulfur in the gaseous environment, the corrosion was governed by oxidation, leading to formation of protective oxides such as Cr₂O₃ and α-Al₂O₃, where Si was dissolved. Iron diffused outward from the substrate to the film surface, and oxidized to Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄. The films were corrosion-resistant up to 150 h owing to the formation of thin (Cr₂O₃ and/or α-Al₂O₃)-rich oxide layers. However, they failed when corroded at 900℃ for 300 h, resulting in the formation of layered oxide scales due to not only outward diffusion of Cr, Al, Si, Fe and N, but also inward movement of sulfur and oxygen.