Evolutionary Rates and Phylogeographical Analysis of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus Based on the 166 Coat Protein Gene Sequences

He, Zhen,Dong, Tingting,Wu, Weiwen,Chen, Wen,Liu, Xian,Li, Liangjun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.5

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is a member of the genus Tobamovirus. It is one of the most prevalent viruses infecting orchids worldwide. Earlier studies reported the genetic variability of ORSV isolates from Korea and China. However, the evolutionary rate, timescale, and phylogeographical analyses of ORSV were unclear. Twenty-one coat protein (CP) gene sequences of ORSV were determined in this study, and used them together with 145 CP sequences obtained from GenBank to infer the genetic diversities, evolutionary rate, timescale and migration of ORSV populations. Evolutionary rate of ORSV populations was $1.25{\times}10^{-3}nucleotides/site/y$. The most recent common ancestors came from 30 year ago (95% confidence intervals, 26-40). Based on CP gene, ORSV migrated from mainland China and South Korea to Taiwan island, Germany, Australia, Singapore, and Indonesia, and it also circulated within east Asia. Our study is the first attempt to evaluate the evolutionary rates, timescales and migration dynamics of ORSV.

Antiserum Preparation of Recombinant Sweet Potato Latent Virus-Lotus (SPLV-Lotus) Coat Protein and Application for Virus-Infected Lotus Plant Detection

Zhen He,Tingting Dong,Wen Chen,Tielin Wang,Haifeng Gan,LiangJun Li 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.6

Lotus is one of the most important aquatic vegetables in China. Previously, we detected sweet potato latent virus from lotus (SPLV-lotus) and found that it has highly significant sequence diversity with SPLV-sweet potato isolates (SPLV-sp). Here, we developed serological methods for the detection of SPLV-lotus in Chinese lotus cultivation areas. Based on the high sensitivity of SPLV-lotus coat protein antiserum, rapid, sensitive and large-scale diagnosis methods of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot blot in lotus planting area were developed. The established ELISA and dot blot diagnostic methods can be used to detect SPLVlotus from samples successfully. And our results also showed that the SPLV-lotus and sweet potato isolates appeared clearly distinction in serology. Our study provides a high-throughput, sensitive, and rapid diagnostic method based on serology that can detect SPLV on lotus, which is suggested to be included in viral disease management approach due to its good detection level.

Variable Impedance Control of Cable Actuated Continuum Manipulators

Guangping He,Yanan Fan,Tingting Su,Lei Zhao,Quanliang Zhao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2020 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.18 No.7

Continuum manipulators are a class of special compliant robots that have important potential applications in the field of human-machine interactive operations, or work in cluttered and constrained environments. In these application scenarios, the most popular operation tasks are those with coupling force-position constraints. To simultaneously stabilize the desired operation force and the position of the manipulator, variable impedance control issues of the cable driven continuum manipulators are investigated in this paper. On the basis of constructing a novelLyapunov function, a variable impedance control law is presented and the stability of the closed-loop system has also been analyzed. Then the operation space variable impedance control for a single segment cable driven continuum manipulator is realized by the aid of a pseudo-rigid-body model. Some numerical simulations also demonstrate the stability of the variable impedance control system.

Evolutionary Rates and Phylogeographical Analysis of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus Based on the 166 Coat Protein Gene Sequences

Zhen He,Tingting Dong,Weiwen Wu,Wen Chen,Xian Liu,Liangjun Li 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.5

Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) is a member of the genus Tobamovirus. It is one of the most prevalent viruses infecting orchids worldwide. Earlier studies reported the genetic variability of ORSV isolates from Korea and China. However, the evolutionary rate, timescale, and phylogeographical analyses of ORSV were unclear. Twenty-one coat protein (CP) gene sequences of ORSV were determined in this study, and used them together with 145 CP sequences obtained from GenBank to infer the genetic diversities, evolutionary rate, timescale and migration of ORSV populations. Evolutionary rate of ORSV populations was 1.25 × 10−3 nucleotides/site/y. The most recent common ancestors came from 30 year ago (95% confidence intervals, 26- 40). Based on CP gene, ORSV migrated from mainland China and South Korea to Taiwan island, Germany, Australia, Singapore, and Indonesia, and it also circulated within east Asia. Our study is the first attempt to evaluate the evolutionary rates, timescales and migration dynamics of ORSV.

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate into g-valerolactone over mesoporous Zr/B mixed oxides

Jian He,Hu Li,Yanxiu Liu,Wenfeng Zhao,Tingting Yang,Wei Xue,Song Yang 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.43 No.-

A series of mesoporous acid–base bifunctional Zr/B mixed oxides with different molar ratios wereprepared by a sol–gel method, and developed for conversion of ethyl levulinate (EL) to g-valerolactone(GVL) by using alcohol as hydrogen source. The morphological structures and physico-chemicalcharacteristics of the synthesized materials were identified by various techniques. A high GVL yield of88.5% was achieved from EL in 2-propanol when Zr1B1 was used. And acid–base sites played a synergicrole in synthesizing GVL from EL as evident by poisoning experiments. Furthermore, the catalyst could bereused several times without significant loss of its catalytic activity.

Simultaneous Single-Position Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Combined With Unilateral Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation for Single-Level Lumbar Tuberculosis: A 3-Year Retrospective Comparative Study

Jinyue He,Jiezhong Deng,Yusheng Yang,Tingting Zheng,Fei Luo,Jianzhong Xu,Zehua Zhang 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: To illustrate a simultaneous single-position oblique lateral interbody fusion (SPOLIF) combined with unilateral percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in treating single-level lumbar tuberculosis, compared with posterior-only approach in clinical and radiographic evaluations. Methods: Consecutive patients who had undergone surgeries for single-level lumbar tuberculosis from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients included were divided into SP-OLIF and posterior-only groups according to surgical methods applied, with follow-up for at least 36 months. Outcomes included estimated blood loss, operative time, and complications for safety evaluation; visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for efficacy evaluation; erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for evaluating tuberculosis activity; x-ray and computed tomography scan were used for radiographic evaluation. Results: A total of 136 patients had been enrolled in the study (60 for SP-OLIF and 76 for Posterior-only). The median operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay in SP-OLIF group were significantly less, with a lower complication rate. Meanwhile, the SP-OLIF group showed substantially lower VAS in 1 and 7 days and decreased ODI in the first month postoperatively, without significant difference afterward. Similarly, the median CRP and ESR in SP-OLIF group were significantly lower in 3 and 7 days postoperatively. All indicators had reduced to normal after 3 months. No recurrence had been reported throughout the whole follow-up. Conclusion: SP-OLIF was an efficient minimally invasive protocol for single-level lumbar tuberculosis, facilitating earlier clinical improvement, with decreased blood loss, operative time and hospital stay compared with posterior-only approach.

Pyridoxal phosphate homeostasis protein FnYggS from Fusobacterium nucleatum: purification, crystallization, and X-ray crystallographic analysis

Shanru He,Chenyuan Yuan,Xue Bai,Tingting Bu,Jie Zhang,Lulu Wang,Chunshan Quan,Yongbin Xu 한국구조생물학회 2022 Biodesign Vol.10 No.2

Anaerobic gram-negative bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) has long been found to cause opportunistic infections and has recently been implicated in colorectal cancer. In F. nucleatum, YggS (FnYggS) is an important part of bacterial cell walls and belongs to the COG0325 gene family. In this study, YggS from FnYggS was successfully expressed and purified using Ni-NTA affinity and gel-filtration chromatography. The protein crystal was obtained and diffracted to a resolution of 2.08 Å. The preliminary crystallographic analysis suggested that FnYggS crystal belongs to the monoclinic space group P21 with a = 37.93 Å, b = 146.38 Å, and c = 74.13 Å, α = γ = 90.00° and β = 93.36°. The asymmetric unit contained approximately three monomer of FnYggS, giving a crystal volume per mass (VM) of 2.64 Å3 Da–1 and a solvent content of 53.50%.

Moderating effect of regulatory focus on public acceptance of nuclear energy

Yanling He,Yazhou Li,Dongqin Xia,Tingting Zhang,Yongliang Wang,Li Hu,Jibao Gu,Yican Wu 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.8

Public acceptance has become the most critical question for sustainable development of nuclear energy in recent decades. Many researches concentrated on risk and benefit perception, which were deemed as the most influential factors of Public Acceptance of Nuclear Energy (PANE). But few researches focused on psychological factors including regulatory focus. Therefore, this paper aimed to explore the moderating effect of regulatory focus on PANE based on Regulatory Focus Theory in order to find ways to increase/decrease PANE. An Internet-based survey had been carried out in China nationwide. The results indicated that trust in government was positively related to PANE and this relationship was mediated by risk and benefit perception. In addition, the strength of the associations between risk and benefit perception and PANE were moderated by regulatory focus, consisting of prevention focus and promotion focus. Pre-vention focus strengthened the negative relationship between risk perception and PANE, while pro-motion focus weakened. Moreover, promotion focus weakened the positive relationship between benefit perception and PANE, but no significant moderating effect of prevention focus was founded on the relationship between benefit perception and PANE. Some policy implications were also proposed on the basis of above-mentioned findings.

Moving Rate of Positive Patient Results as a Quality Control Tool for High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Assays

Li Tingting,Cao Shunwang,Wang Yi,Xiong Yujuan,He Yuting,Ke Peifeng,Huang Xianzhang 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.1

Background: A small shift in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assays can lead to different result interpretation and consequent patient management. We explored whether a small bias could be detected using conventional internal quality control (QC) procedures, evaluated the performance of moving average (MA)-based QC procedures, and proposed a new QC procedure based on the moving rate (MR) of positive patient results of hs-cTnT assays. Methods:The ability of conventional QC to detect a 5 ng/L bias was examined using the13s/ 22s/R4s multi-rule procedure as deviation rules.We developed MA and MR procedures for the hs-cTnT assay using eight months of patient data. The performance of different MA or MR procedures was investigated by calculating the median number of patient samples affected until a bias introduced into the dataset was detected (MNPed). After comparing the MNPed across different procedures, we selected an optimal MA or MR procedure for validation. Validation graphs were plotted using the minimum, median, and maximum number of results affected until bias detection. Results: Our conventional QC procedures could not detect a positive bias of 5 ng/L. When a positive bias was introduced, MNPed was much higher using MA than using MR, with cut-off values of 5 ng/L and 14 ng/L, respectively. MR validation charts for optimal procedures provided insight into the MR performance. Conclusions: The MR procedure could detect different errors with few false alarms. In the hs-cTnT assay, the MR procedure with a smaller cut-off value outperformed MA and conventional QC procedures for small bias detection.

Structural and biochemical analysis of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase from Clostridium beijerinckii

Jie Zhang,Tingting Bu,Yuanyuan Chen,Xue Bai,Shanru He,Yongbin Xu 한국구조생물학회 2022 Biodesign Vol.10 No.4

Clostridium beijerinckii is a promising industrial microorganism for its ability to produce butanol, acetone, and isopropanol using a wide range of substrates, including pentoses, hexoses, and starch, via fermentation. The ubiquitous and highly abundant glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is essential for most organisms’ energy and carbon metabolism, which plays a critical role in some industrial bacteria. It catalyzes the simultaneous oxidation and phosphorylation of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). We determined the crystal structure of the GAPDH from C. beijerinckii (C. beijerinckii GAPDH). C. beijerinckii GAPDH consists of an α-β-α domain which shares an evolutionarily conserved fold consisting of two juxtaposed domains, an N-terminal NAD+-binding domain (NBD) and a C-terminal catalytic domain (CD). These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of action and cofactorbinding of this important industrial bacterial enzyme.