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Tae-Hyoung Tommyo Gim 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2022 도시과학국제저널 Vol.26 No.3
With a case of South Korea, this study attempts to analyze how the severity of traffic crashes for which older drivers are at fault is associated with road/environmental/seasonal/weather conditions, driver’s attributes, and crash/violation types. It analyzes the ordinal variable of injury severity by specifying conventionally used ordered logit and its statistical alternatives, multinomial logit, generalized ordered logit, partial proportional odds models. Based on the assumptions and fits of the models, this study finds that relative to the poor, but conventional ordered logit model, the best-fit generalized ordered logit model reports more accurate results in terms of the coefficient significance, direction, and magnitude. Among its major findings, although the severity decreases by year (conventional model), it does not apply to the minor injury level (alternative). The higher severity in the picnic season (conventional) is also limited to the level of minor injury or less. The times of the day at which the severity is higher (4–6) and lower (8–21) (conventional) are specific to fatal and serious injuries, respectively (alternative). Several variables have double-edged effects. Single-vehicle crashes do not always result in higher severity. They also reduce it to the lowest report-only level. Likewise, age and alcohol use change the severity to the most severe fatal level as well as to the most minor report-only level. These results are compared with the accumulated findings of crash frequency studies and interpreted in relation to older drivers’ high cautiousness and low physical/cognitive ability.
토지이용-교통-환경 상호작용: 건조환경-통행시간-탄소배출 관계의 국제규모 도시단위 연구
김태형(Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim) 한국환경정책학회 2022 한국환경정책학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2
선행연구는 토지이용과 교통 간의 관계, 토지이용과 환경 간의 관계를 일차원적으로 분석하였다. 각각의 주제에서 분석단위는 개인과 국가이며 공간적 범위는 지역 · 국가와 국제적 규모로 상이하다. 본 연구는 토지이용-교통-환경 간의 관계를 한 모형 내에 구성하고 분석단위를 도시로 하는 국제적 분석을 시도함으로써 선행연구가 가진 방법론적 약점을 극복하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 압축적 토지이용을 나타내는 도시 내 고도개발지 인구밀도는 통행량을 감소시켜 “간접적으로” 탄소배출을 줄이는 것으로 나타났다(통행이 토지이용과 환경질 간의 완전 매개로서 기능). 한편 도시 전체의 총인구밀도는 통행에 영향을 미치지 않고 “직접적으로” 탄소배출을 감소시켰다. 이는 에너지 인프라 공유 및 효율적 사용 등 규모의 경제를 발생시켰기 때문으로 볼 수 있다. 한편 저도개발지의 비율 또한 직접 탄소배출을 감소시켰는데, 이는 개발행위가 집중되고 이에 따라 전체적으로 환경질을 보호할 수 있다는 집중화의 역설(paradox of intensification)을 지지하는 결과일 수 있다. 그밖에 통제변수로 모형에 포함한 가구크기, 연료가격, 혼잡도의 직접 효과는 통행(+)과 탄소배출(-)에 반대 방향으로 나타났다. 최종적으로는 이들이 갖는 부의 효과가 정의 효과를 압도하여 결국 탄소배출을 줄이는 것으로 추정되었다.
김태형(Gim Tae-Hyoung Tomm),고준호(Ko Joonho) 한국도시행정학회 2012 도시 행정 학보 Vol.25 No.2
Planning theories have been criticized for a lack of relevance to practice. Previous studies argued that for the relevance, planners adopt a group of theories instead of attempting to identify one best theory. Planners were not considered in the studies, however, although they actually use the theories and assess the relevance in practice. Thus, this study explores how the practical relevance differs according to characteristics planners have. For empirical analysis, individual theories of planning are categorized into groups, each of which proposes a certain planner role. Then, this study investigates which role is adopted in practice, that is, which theory is practically relevant. Logit models find that planners’ sociodemographics, work settings, and specialties are associated with the relevance of the theories. Chi-squared test of association and tetrachoric correlation confirm that for the relevance, planners choose either the group of rational-refined rational-transactive/communicative planning or that of radical-advocacy planning.
( Tsolmon Bayarsaikhan ),( Tae-hyoung Tommy Gim ) 한국환경연구원 2022 環境政策 Vol.30 No.5
The growing global interest to decarbonize the transportation industry has resulted in numerous scientific publications. This study reviews the rapidly expanding body of research and identifies the knowledge gaps in transport decarbonization between regions. This study employs a hybrid approach combining topic modeling and machine learning to identify research topics and their knowledge structures, and then compares the main debated topics between Asia and non-Asian regions. A dataset of 777 articles, including 410 Asian and 367 non-Asian articles, published between 1990 and 2022 was extracted from the Scopus database. The latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling results showed that five potential topics were derived from Asia, while six were derived from non-Asian regions, and the knowledge structure of each topic differed between the two regions. The K-nearest neighbor machine learning algorithm results indicated a 92% accuracy for Asian topics and an 89% accuracy for non-Asian topics. The findings suggest that the Asian studies focused on “energy use in transportation” and “drivers of CO2 emissions in transportation,” while the non-Asian studies focused on “electric vehicles” and “fuel consumption.” This paper will keep academics and practitioners updated on the paradigm shift in the research on transportation decarbonization.