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고준호(Joonho Ko),이창(Chang Yi),김태형(Tae-Hyoung Gim),심진섭(Jinseop Shim) 서울연구원 2012 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-
The purpose of this report is to present ways to introduce transit malls in Seoul. For this purpose, it discusses the concepts and goals of the transit malls, their domestic and overseas examples, methods for selecting and evaluating candidates for the malls, and strategies for their design and management. In comparison to pedestrian malls or full malls, the transit malls aim to improve the pedestrian environment and convenience of public transit in the short term, and by fulfilling these short-term goals, they expect to reactivate urban activities and manage transport demands in the long term. To explore candidates for transit malls that contribute to achieving the above-stated short- and long-term goals, this report reviews the literature and analyzes domestic and overseas examples. Accordingly, it develops a total of 13 evaluation criteria. Through a multiple number of expert interviews, the criteria are categorized into two groups:the “effectiveness” group consisting of nine criteria and “constraint” group of the other four. Then, each of the two groups is categorized into two subgroups. In order to identify the priority of the criteria, this report performs a survey of 50 experts in the field of transportation and urban planning. Their responses are analyzed by analytic hierarchy process. Through this process, it identifies the criterion of “large-scale walk-oriented facilities” as the most important. As such, variables related to this criterion are used to sample 30 candidates in total. To analyze the suitability of the candidates, this report quantifies the evaluation criteria. For the quantification, it obtains secondary data administered by governmental bodies, and otherwise, it collects primary data through field work. A group of candidates with highest scores are screened among which this report finally choose those with better characteristics that cannot be quantified (i.e., not evaluated by the criteria). After the selection of the final candidates, this report addresses strategies for designing and managing transit malls. It identifies stakeholders and explains pros and cons anticipated by the stakeholders. As such, it proposes the strategies. By describing the virtuous and vicious circles of the costs and benefits expected by introducing the transit malls, this reports confirms the validity of building transit malls in Seoul inasmuch as the virtuous circle is more likely to occur. Transit malls are desirable from the perspective of the activation (or reactivation) of urban shopping and management of transport demands, but at the same time, it should be noted that the malls cannot be the panacea for these goals and indeed, many negative examples are found overseas. Therefore, it is recommended that in the short term, a demonstration project be implemented and monitored, so the city and district governments can identify issues and challenges and address them, in the mid-term, the malls be expanded for public relations, and in the long-term, they be developed in line with such visions as “streets appealing to pedestrians” and “car-free streets”.
고준호(Ko, Joonho),김태형(Gim, Tae-Hyoung Tommy),강지은(Kang, Jieun) 도시정책학회 2012 도시정책학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.3
The national ideology centered on economic growth led to a rapid increase in automobiles for the last fifty years. Such a rapid increase was largely enabled by the development of automobile-oriented policies wherein pedestrian safety and convenience are not duly reflected. Despite recent changes such as higher cognition of the importance of walking and continuing efforts for a better pedestrian environment, few studies analyzed the types of the environments favored and consequently chosen by pedestrians. Thus, this study reviews the literature on pedestrian route choice, explores its determining factors, and through a sample survey of pedestrians using Gangnam Station, conducts an initial examination of the significance of the factors through logit analysis. Its major finding is that the choice of the shortest routes is associated with jobs and familiarity to Gangnam Station, that is, professionals/self-employed people and college students tend to choose the routes that are also likely to be taken by those familiar to Gananam Station and its environs. Accordingly, this study identifies policy implications for improving the pedestrian environment.