Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) cystatin C: cloning, mRNA expression, and enzymatic characterization of olive flounder cystatin C.

Ahn, Sang Jung,Bak, Hye Jin,Park, Ju Hyeon,Lee, Jin Young,Kim, Na Young,Han, Jin Woo,Jo, Hyae In,Chung, Joon Ki,Lee, Hyung Ho Humana Press 2013 Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol.170 No.5

<P>Cystatins are endogenous inhibitors of mammalian lysosomal cysteine proteinases, such as cathepsins B, L, H, and S. Cystatin C belongs to the type 2 cystatin family. In this study, the 751-bp cystatin C cDNA (PoCystatin C) of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was cloned by screening from the olive flounder cDNA library. The mRNA expression of the PoCystatin C gene was examined in various tissues from normal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated olive flounder by RT-PCR and was compared with inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. PoCystatin C transcripts ubiquitously existed in all normal and LPS-stimulated tissues that were tested. The recombinant PoCystatin C protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) in pCold TF DNA expression vector as a 70-kDa fusion protein. The protease inhibitory activities of recombinant PoCystatin C toward papain cysteine protease, piscine cathepsins (L, S, K, F, and X), and bovine cathepsin B were measured with the synthetic fluorogenic peptide substrates. PoCystatin C tightly inhibited papain cysteine protease, whereas cathepsins L, S, K, F, X, and B were inhibited with lower affinities. Our results indicate that the P. olivaceus cystatin C is a homolog of mammalian cystatin C due to its sequence, structure, tissue expression, and biochemical activity.</P>

Quantum communication in the expanding universe

Sang-Eon Bak,Paul M. Alsing,Warner A. Miller,Shahabeddin M. Aslmarand,Doyeol Ahn 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.2

Elucidating Relationships between Structural Properties of Nanoporous Carbonaceous Shells and Electrochemical Performances of Si@Carbon Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Ahn, Jihoon,Lee, Kyung Jae,Bak, Woojeong,Kim, Jung-Joon,Lee, Jin-Kyu,Yoo, Won Cheol,Sung, Yung-Eun American Chemical Society 2015 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.119 No.19

<P>The encapsulation of silicon in hollow carbonaceous shells (Si@C) is known to be a successful solution for silicon anodes in Li-ion batteries, resulting in many efforts to manipulate the structural properties of carbonaceous materials to improve their electrochemical performance. In this regard, we demonstrate in this work how both the shell thickness and pore size of nanoporous carbonaceous materials containing silicon anodes influence the electrochemical performance. Structurally well-defined Si@C materials with varying carbon-shell thicknesses and pore sizes were synthesized by a nanocasting method that manipulated the carbon shell and by a subsequent magnesiothermic reduction that converted the amorphous silica cores into silicon nanocrystals. When these materials were employed as anodes, it was verified that two opposite effects occur with respect to the thickness of carbon shell: The weight ratio of silicon and the electrical conductivity are simultaneously affected, so that the best electrochemical performance is not obtained from either the thickest or the thinnest carbon shell. Such countervailing effects were carefully confirmed through a series of electrochemical performance tests and the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, the effect of pore size was elucidated by comparing Si@C samples with different pore sizes, revealing that larger pores can further improve the electrochemical performance as a result of enhanced Li-ion diffusion.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2015/jpccck.2015.119.issue-19/acs.jpcc.5b02073/production/images/medium/jp-2015-02073q_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp5b02073'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

A Case of Late-Onset Peeling Skin Syndrome Likely Triggered by Irritation

( Sung Jay Choe ),( Bo-kyung Kim ),( Solam Lee ),( Hana Bak ),( Jin Wook Lee ),( Sung Ku Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2017 Annals of Dermatology Vol.29 No.1

Baumann Skin Type in the Korean Female Population

( Sung Ku Ahn ),( Myungsoo Jun ),( Hana Bak ),( Byung Duk Park ),( Seung Phil Hong ),( Sang-Hoon Lee ),( Seong-Jin Kim ),( Hyung Joo Kim ),( Dong Hoon Song ),( Pok Kee Min ),( Ja Woong Goo ),( Tae-Hyu 대한피부과학회 2017 Annals of Dermatology Vol.29 No.5

Background: To meet the need for a subspecialized skin type system, the Baumann skin type (BST) system was proposed. Objective: To evaluate the distribution of BST types and influencing factors among Korean women. Methods: BST questionnaires were administered to 1,000 Korean women. The possible responses were as follows: oily (O) or dry (D), sensitive (S) or resistant (R), pigmented (P) or non-pigmented (N), and wrinkled (W) or tight (T). The correlations of the BST with the subjects` age, location, ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure, drinking and smoking habits, and blood type were assessed. Results: The OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW skin types were the most common skin types (55.3%). The O, S, P, and W types accounted for 46.6%, 68.8%, 23.2%, and 31.9%, respectively. The proportion of the O and S type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (55.0%) and Seoul (77.2%). The proportion of the P and W type was the highest in Gyeongsangbuk-do (33.0%) and Chungcheong-do (39.0%). The O type decreased in the higher age group, whereas the P and W type showed a reversed tendency. In smokers, the proportion of W type was significantly higher than in the non-smokers (66.3% vs. 24.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The 4 most common BST types were OSNT, DSNT, DRNT, and OSNW. In the comparison across the 4 BST parameters according to the age, region, smoking and drinking habits, occupation, blood type, and UV exposure, significant differences were observed. Individualized and customized skin care is required according to the personal skin type. (Ann Dermatol 29(5) 586∼596, 2017)

Altered epidermal lipid layers induced by long‐term exposure to suberythemal‐dose ultraviolet

Bak, Hana,Hong, Seung‐,phil,Jeong, Se‐,Kyoo,Choi, Eung‐,Ho,Lee, Sang E.,Lee, Seung‐,Hun,Ahn, Sung‐,Ku Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 International journal of dermatology Vol.50 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background </B> Although several studies have reported on the biological effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, there have been only a few reports on the changes in epidermal lipids following long‐term UV irradiation at suberythemal dose (SED), to which people are usually exposed during their lifetime.</P><P><B>Objectives </B> To investigate the changes of epidermal lipid properties after long‐term UV radiation with SED.</P><P><B>Materials and methods </B> Hairless mice were irradiated three times weekly for 15 weeks at an SED of UV (UVB: 20 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>; UVA: 14 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). Every three weeks, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured by a Tewameter. The morphological alterations of stratum corneum (SC) lipid lamellae were examined by electron microscopy (EM). Activities of three key enzymes for mRNA of serine palmitoyl transferase, fatty acid synthase, and HMG CoA reductase were analyzed with real time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. We also measured the amount of ceramide, cholesterol sulfate, and free fatty acid in the SC by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography with exposed times.</P><P><B>Results </B> The SED UV‐irradiated group showed increased TEWL after 12 weeks. Following the irradiation period, EM revealed incomplete and separated lamellae at SC intercellular space. mRNA of three key enzymes was increased until six weeks of UV irradiation and decreased thereafter. However, three major lipid amounts gradually decreased throughout the exposed period, with a notable decrease in ceramide.</P><P><B>Conclusions </B> Long‐term UV irradiation even with SED influences skin barrier function and structure with prominent ceramide decrease in SC intercellular lipid.</P>

뇌파 조절 훈련을 통한 스트레스저항능력이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향연구

안상균(Ahn, Sang-Kyun),백기자(Bak, Ki-Ja) 한국산학기술학회 2009 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.10 No.10

본 연구는 2008년 7월부터 2008년 12월까지 I시 P뇌훈련센타에 정서적 성향이나 학습능력 향상을 위하여 방문한 내담자 48명(실험군 24명, 대조군 24명)의 뇌파를 검사하여 뇌파 조절 훈련 전과 훈련 후의 스트레스저항능력 의 변화와 스트레스저항능력이 학업성취도에 미치는 영향을 보고자 하였다. 훈련 전과 후의 스트레스저항능력의 비교 는 뇌기능 분석을 통하여 비교하였으며, 학업성취도의 변화를 보기 위하여 5점 척도 설문지를 이용하였다. 연구의 결 과로 뇌파 조절 훈련을 적용한 실험군에서 항스트레스지수와 학업성취도에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 이는 뇌파 조 절 훈련이 초등학생들의 스트레스저항능력을 높여 주었으며 이결과가 학업성취도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다고 본다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 뇌기능 변화가 학생들의 육체적, 정신적 스트레스나 저항능력 등의 객관적 지표로서 활용될 수 있는 가능성을 제시한 점에서 의의가 있으며, 이에 대한 경험적 증거의 축적을 위한 후속연구가 필요하다고 본다. This study was to examine the effectiveness of brainwave training by observing the pre and post brainwave measurement results of about 48 (experimental group 24, comparative group24) subjects who have shown resistancestress and student assessment. The study took place at neuro-training center in P city I, during Jul. 2008 and Dec. 2008. As the brainwaves are adjusted by Brain Quotient, the tool used to measure the student assessment was 5Likert Scale questionnaire. The result confirmed the differences of both resistance st ress quotient and student assessment. The result of the study suggest brainwave technique's possibility in positively affecting the subjects'' resistance stress quotient and student assessment. This study revealed meaningful relation between neurofeedback training and stress among several categoties, while suggesting follow-up researches figuring out more detailed explanations.

노인들의 혈액형과 인지 기능 및 행동 성향과의 관계 연구

백기자(Bak, Ki-Ja),안상균(Ahn, Sang-Kyun),이혜경(Lee, Hye-Kyung) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.6

이 연구는 노인들의 혈액형이 인지 기능 및 행동성향과 상관관계가 있는지를 개인이 지닌 뇌신경 생리학 적 지표인 뇌파 측정을 이용하여 비교 하여보았다. 대상자는 2008년 9월에서 2009년 6월까지 한국정신과학연구소에 뇌파측정 의뢰한 노인(60세 이상)을 기준으로 선정한 자료이다. 노인 여자 311명 노인 남자 명451명 총762 명이다. 노인의 혈액형 분포도는 A>B>O>AB형 순이었다. 분석 결과 노인들의 혈액형과 행동성향과의 분포도에서 여자노인 에서는 무관하였고 남자노인에서는 유의미한 차이가 있었다. B형과 O형의 남자노인에서 부정성향이 높다고 본다. 인지기능과의 관계에서는 정서지수(p=.001)와 활성지수(우)(p=.040)에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 정서지수에서는 A 형이 가장 높았고 활성지수에서는 AB형이 가장 높았다. 이 연구 결과 몇 개의 범주에서 혈액형과 의미있는 관계를 보여 주었으나 미치는 영향이나 유전적인 역할이 어떻게 영향을 주는지의 작용기전을 규명하는 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. This study is focused on the effects of elder's blood type on determining awareness and emotional character of the elderly, by comparing each individual's brain wave. Observed records are from thoes elder's who volunteered for KRIJUS( Korea Research Institute of Jungshin Science)'s brain wave measurement from September 2008 to June 2009. The whole 762 elder group consists of 311 female and 451 male. Blood types are A>O>B>AB dominately ordered. The result shown no relations between the blood types and their emotional character among elderly female, while elderly men shown meaningful difference; type B and O had higher rate on negative aspects. When it comes to awareness categories, both emotional(p=.001) and active(right)(p=.040) index shown meaningful differences. Type A had highest rate on emotional index and AB had it on active index. This study revealed meaningful relation between blood types and emotional character among several categories, while suggesting follow-up researches figuring out more detailed explanations for its effect and genetic role.

시계열 선형분석을 통한 유아들의 좌우뇌균형에 전전두엽 뉴로피드백 훈련이 미치는 영향 연구

백기자(Bak, Ki-Ja),박병운(Park, Pyung-Woon),안상균(Ahn, Sang-Kyun) 한국산학기술학회 2009 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.10 No.7

본 연구는 유아시기에 정서적 성향에 영향을 미치는 좌우뇌의 균형적 발달이 가능한가를 보기위하여 2008 3월부터 2008년 11월까지 Y 유치원 원아50명(실험군 25명, 대조군 25명)의 뇌파를 검사하여 뉴로피드백 훈련 전과 훈련 후의 좌우 뇌 균형 정도 차이를 보고자 하였다. 훈련 전과 후의 좌우뇌 정도는 시계열 선형 분석을 통하여 비 교하였으며, 연구검증 결과 뉴로피드백 훈련을 적용한 원아들에서 좌우뇌 균형 지수에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 이 결과는 전전두엽 뉴로피드백 훈련이 유아들의 좌우뇌 균형을 높여 주었으며 정서적 성향에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다고 본다. This study was to examine the effectiveness of prefrontal Neurofeedback training by observing the pre and post brainwave measurement results of about Y kindergarten kids 50 (experimental group 25.comparative group 25) subjects who have shown corelation, in between the months of Mar. 2008 and Nov. 2008. As the brainwaves are adjusted by timeseries linear analysis, the result confirmed the differences of both corelation . The result of the study suggest Neurofeedback technique's possibility in positively affecting the subjects' corelation and mental state.

무모 생쥐에서 vinyl carbamate epoxide와 TPA로 유발된 종양과 비종양 병변의 표피지질 및 칼슘의 변화

안성구 ( Sung Ku Ahn ),박하나 ( Ha Na Bak ),천승현 ( Seung Hyun Chun ),전수영 ( Soo Young Jeon ),최응호 ( Eung Ho Choi ),이상주 ( Sang Joo Lee ),이승헌 ( Seung Hun Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2004 대한피부과학회지 Vol.42 No.10