Flame Synthesized Single Crystal Nanocolumn-Structured WO₃ Thin Films for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Ding, Jin-Rui,Kim, Kyo-Seon American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.2

<P>Tungsten oxide thin films have been found as an active visible light driven photoanode material for photoelectrochemical water splitting due to its good stability in aqueous solution and energetically favorable valence band position for water oxidation. Morphology control, which determines the performance of WO3 photoanode, is one of most focuses of recent research interests. In this work, we successfully prepared monoclinic WO3 thin films on ITO glass at low range of substrate temperature with a fabrication rate around 100 nm per minute by using aerosol flame deposition process. Single crystal nanocolumns with both triangular pyramid-like and triangular prism-like structure were obtained at certain process conditions. Photoelectrochemical properties of photoelectrodes assembled with both structured WO3 thin films were investigated. The prism-like nanocolumn-structured thin film generated the current density of 1.58 mAcm(-2) at potential of 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution under illumination of AM 1.5 simulated solar light (100 mVcm(-2)). It presented superior photoelectrochemical performance to pyramid-like nanocolumn-structured WO3 thin film.</P>

An Improved Image Registration Based on Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform and Zernike Moments

Rui Ding,Ziyan Song,Jin Tang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.6

Feature-based registration is an effective and most widely used image registration method currently. It includes three critical steps, feature extraction, feature matching and transformation parameters estimation. This paper mainly explores the first two steps. In one of Chahira Serief’s paper about image registration, feature points extraction based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) was proposed and feature points matching based on Zernike moments was adopted. The registration accuracy and robustness of his algorithm are acceptable, but it can still be improved. In this paper, an improved scheme of this registration algorithm is proposed. The rotation invariance of NSCT-based feature points extraction is improved, which is beneficial to extract homologous feature points. And the reliability and effectiveness of Zernike moments-based feature points matching are improved, which can improve the matching accuracy. The improved registration algorithm can realize registration of images related by larger scaling, rotation and translation transformation. The simulation results show that the registration robustness is further improved, and the registration accuracy is still high.

Morphology Control of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films in an Aerosol Flame Deposition System

Ding, Jin-Rui,Yoon, Sang-Hyeok,Kim, Kyo-Seon American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.4

<P>Tungsten oxide thin film has been found great potential use in various applications such as smart window, gas sensor and photoelectrochemical cell due to their unique electrochromic, gas-chromic and electrochemical properties. The thin film morphology has been considered as an efficient limiting aspect for its performance. In this work, we successfully prepared tungsten oxide thin films with distinctive nanostructures on conductive glass in a flame vapor deposition process. The morphology of tungsten oxide thin films could be controlled by adjusting various process variables, including methane-oxygen ratio, deposition height and support substrate temperature. 1-D nanowires and nanotubes could be obtained in fuel rich flame at high substrate support temperature and 3-D nanocolumns could be easily formed in fuel lean flame. This work offers a rapid, economic approach for the growth of tungsten oxide thin film with controlled morphology.</P>

Isolation and Identification of Lipopeptide Antibiotics from Paenibacillus elgii B69 with Inhibitory Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Rui Ding,Chao-Dong Qian,Yi Teng,Ou Li,Zha-Jun Zhan,Yu-Hua Zhao,Xue-Chang Wu 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.6

Two lipopeptide antibiotics, pelgipeptins C and D, were isolated from Paenibacillus elgii B69 strain. The molecular masses of the two compounds were both determined to be 1,086 Da. Mass-spectrometry, amino acid analysis and NMR spectroscopy indicated that pelgipeptin C was the same compound as BMY-28160, while pelgipeptin D was identified as a new antibiotic of the polypeptin family. These two peptides were active against all the tested microorganisms, including antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacterial strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Time-kill assays demonstrated that pelgipeptin D exhibited rapid and effective bactericidal action against MRSA at 4×MIC. Based on acute toxicity test, the intraperitoneal LD50 value of pelgipeptin D was slightly higher than that of the structurally related antimicrobial agent polymyxin B. Pelgipeptins are highly potent antibacterial and antifungal agents, particularly against MRSA, and warrant further investigation as possible therapeutic agents for bacteria infections resistant to currently available antibiotics.

Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in a Rat Model of Hemoglobin-Induced Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Ding, Rui,Lin, Chunnan,Wei, ShanShan,Zhang, Naichong,Tang, Liangang,Lin, Yumao,Chen, Zhijun,Xie, Teng,Chen, XiaoWei,Feng, Yu,Wu, LiHua Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.2

Previous studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation significantly improves the recovery of neurological function in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage. Potential repair mechanisms involve anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis. However, few studies have focused on the effects of MSCs on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). In this study, MSCs were transplanted intracerebrally into rats 6 hours after HICH. The modified neurological severity score and the modified limb placing test were used to measure behavioral outcomes. Blood-brain barrier disruption and neuronal loss were measured by zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and neuronal nucleus (NeuN) expression, respectively. Concomitant edema formation was evaluated by H&E staining and brain water content. The effect of MSCs treatment on neuroinflammation was analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis or polymerase chain reaction of CD68, Iba1, iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation, and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$). The MSCs-treated HICH group showed better performance on behavioral scores and lower brain water content compared to controls. Moreover, the MSC injection increased NeuN and ZO-1 expression measured by immunochemistry/immunofluorescence. Furthermore, MSCs reduced not only levels of CD68, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory factors, but it also inhibited iNOS expression and peroxynitrite formation in perihematomal regions. The results suggest that intracerebral administration of MSCs accelerates neurological function recovery in HICH rats. This may result from the ability of MSCs to suppress inflammation, at least in part, by inhibiting iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation.

Students` and Teachers` Conceptions of Mathematics in the New Curriculum of Mainland China

Rui Ding,Ngai Ying Wong 한국수학교육학회 2006 수학교육연구 Vol.10 No.3

Nonlinear Local Lyapunov Exponent and Quantification of Local Predictability

Rui-Qiang, Ding,Jian-Ping, Li,Kyung-Ja, Ha Science Press 2008 CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS Vol.25 No.5

<P>Nonlinear local Lyapunov exponent (NLLE) is applied to quantitatively determine the local predictability limit of chaotic systems. As an example, we find that the local predictability limit of Henon attractor varies considerably with time, and some underlying phase-spatial structure does not appear. The local predictability limit of initially adjacent points in phase space may be completely different. This will cause difficulties in making the long-time analogue forecast.</P>

Therapeutic Benefits of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in a Rat Model of Hemoglobin-Induced Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Rui Ding,Chunnan Lin,ShanShan Wei,Naichong Zhang,Liangang Tang,Yumao Lin,Zhijun Chen,Teng Xie,XiaoWei Chen,Yu Feng,LiHua Wu 한국분자세포생물학회 2017 Molecules and cells Vol.40 No.2

Previous studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation significantly improves the recovery of neurological function in a rat model of intracere-bral hemorrhage. Potential repair mechanisms involve anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis. However, few studies have focused on the effects of MSCs on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and subsequent per-oxynitrite formation after hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). In this study, MSCs were transplanted intracerebrally into rats 6 hours after HICH. The modified neurological severity score and the modified limb placing test were used to measure behavioral outcomes. Blood–brain barrier disruption and neuronal loss were measured by zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and neuronal nucleus (NeuN) expression, respectively. Concomitant edema formation was evaluated by H&E staining and brain water content. The effect of MSCs treatment on neuroinflammation was analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis or polymerase chain reaction of CD68, Iba1, iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation, and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1 and TNF-). The MSCs-treated HICH group showed better performance on behavioral scores and lower brain water content compared to controls. Moreover, the MSC injection increased NeuN and ZO-1 expression measured by immunochemistry/immunofluorescence. Furthermore, MSCs reduced not only levels of CD68, Iba1 and pro-inflammatory factors, but it also inhibited iNOS expression and peroxynitrite formation in perihematomal regions. The results suggest that intracerebral administration of MSCs accelerates neurological function recovery in HICH rats. This may result from the ability of MSCs to suppress inflammation, at least in part, by inhibiting iNOS expression and subsequent peroxynitrite formation.

Effect of Cu doping on the SCR activity of CeO2 catalyst prepared by citric acid method

Rui-Tang Guo,Wen-long Zhen,Wei-Guo Pan,Yue Zhou,Jie-nan Hong,Hong-jian Xu,Qiang Jin,Cheng-gang Ding,Shi-yi Guo 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

CeO2–CuO catalyst prepared by citric acid method was investigated for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. The activity of the CeO2 catalyst was enhanced about 8–27% in the temperature range of 125–225 ℃ at a space velocity of 28,000 h 1 by the addition of Cu. It was found that the state of Cu species had great impact on the SCR performance of CeO2–CuO catalyst. Cu2+ can enhance the low temperature activity of SCR reaction, while CuO would promote NH3 oxidation before SCR reaction at high temperature, which would cause the decrease of its high temperature SCR activity.

Dynamics of waste-to-energy incineration R&D collaboration networks: a social network analysis based on patent data

Ding Ma,Yongsheng Yu,Si-shi Liu,Ya-rui Zhang 한국자원공학회 2017 Geosystem engineering Vol.20 No.2

The municipal solid waste in China is increasing at an unprecedented pace due to the upgrading urbanization and improving living standard. The waste-to-energy (WTE) incineration technology offers a viable and potentially profitable technical solution to this booming phenomenon. The highly complex and systematic nature of WTE technologies have led to the emergence of WTE innovation network in the past decade. This study applies complex network theory as well as social network analysis to investigate the social network structure evolution of WTE technologies in terms of global network properties, major actors’ centrality and collaboration relationships. Based on the data-set covering joint filing patents pertaining to waste heat over the period 2006–2015, this study finds that the overall WTE innovation network exhibits the properties of scale-free network with minority organizations linking to abundant organizations. A large fraction of major actors represent the first-movers in the WTE research and still control the technological trajectories. The collaboration relationships have moved toward higher level of multidisciplinary and larger technological distance. Overall, the evolution of WTE innovation network features a young state of industry with high regime dependence. Finally, some suggestions are proposed to shed light on benign development of WTE innovation network.