Human Urine으로부터 추출한 calcite와 Ag nanoparticle의 합성을 통한 E. coli의 불활성화

심재홍,서영석,( Patrick J. Shea ),조민,오병택 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.1

사람의 소변(Urine)은 질소성분을 과량으로 포함하고 있어 하수처리공정에서 높은 부하량을 지니는 단점이 있다. 최근 들어서 세계적으로 No mix system의 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있는데, 이는 분리 배출할 경우, 대략 50% 정도의 처리 부하가 줄어들게 된다. 본 연구진은 이러한 no mix system에서 발생하는 calcite(CaCO₃)라는 침전물을 이용하여 Ag⁰ nanoparticles의 지지체로써의 가능성과 폐기물의 재자원화를 통한 폐기물 처리비용감소 및 다양한 환경 매질로써의 가능성을 유도하였다. 본 연구는 Urine에서 추출한 calcite 표면을 amine group으로 개질하고, 그 표면에 Ag⁰ nanoparticle을 안정적으로 담지 함으로써 지표미생물인 E. coli ATCC 8739를 사용하여 불활성화 실험을 수행하였다. 매질의 특성분석은 XRD와 TEM, SEM을 통해 calcite와 Ag⁰ nanoparticle이 합성됨을 확인하였고, 합성된 매질의 미생물 불화성화 효율을 확인한 결과 100 ppm을 처리시, 30분 만에 약 1.5 log 불활성화 됨을 확인하였다.

Simultaneous Cr(VI) reduction and methylene blue removal by<i>Bacillus</i>sp. JH2-2 isolated from mining site soil

Shim, Jaehong,Shea, Patrick J.,Lim, Jeong-Muk,Oh, Byung-Taek Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.15

<P>A Bacillus sp. strain (JH2-2), isolated from soil at an abandoned mine site, reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III) under aerobic conditions. At pH 7, the strain reduced essentially all of the Cr(VI) in M9 minimal medium to Cr(III) at initial concentrations <= 50 mg Cr(VI) L-1 within 100 h. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the Cr(III) precipitate matched chromium (III) hydrogen phosphate (CrH2P3O10 center dot 2H(2)O). The JH2-2 strain showed high tolerance to other heavy metal(loid)s, with minimal inhibitory concentrations in liquid medium of (mg L-1): As (500), Cd (100), Cu (350), Ni (300), Zn (200), and Pb (1800). JH2-2 also promoted decolorization of methylene blue dye. Decolorization was faster in the presence of 10 mg Cr(VI) L-1 than in the absence of Cr(VI). A lag in decolorization at 30 and 50 mg Cr(VI) L-1 is likely due to initial toxicity and inhibition of bacterial growth. The chemistry of MB is complicated by its reduction to colorless leucomethylene blue, which can reoxidize to MB. However, aeration of the solution did not restore measurable MB, supporting removal of the dye via biosorption. Results indicate the bioremediation potential of Bacillus sp. JH2-2 for simultaneous Cr(VI) reduction and methylene blue removal from contaminated water.</P>

쌍자엽 식물아강(관속식물문 : 피자식물강)의 잡초가해 곤충상

추호렬,우건석,박영도,Patrick J.Shea 한국응용곤충학회 1992 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.31 No.4

한국산 쌍자엽식물아강에 속하는 잡초가해곤충과 기주특이성을 조사한 결과 잡초 39속 54종으로부터 곤충이 가장 많이 채집된 것은 마디풀목으로 22속 24종이었고 쐐기풀목과 중심자목에서는 17속 17종이 채집되었다. 그외의 목에서는 쥐방울덩굴목의 1속 1종에서 통화 식물목의 12속 12종까지 다양하였다. 쐐기풀목에서 채집된 17종의 곤충중 삼과의 환삼덩굴에서 Bares sp. 바구미가 기주특이성을 나타내면서 잎을 산공형으로 가해하고 있었고, 마디 풀목에서는 참소리쟁이와 소리쟁이에서 소리쟁이진딧물과 좀남색잎벌레의 가해능력이 뛰어났으며 기주특이성이 있었다. 여뀌류와 고마리에서는 잎벌레인 Lypesthes japonicus의 가해능력이 가장 우수하였고 길쭉바구미류(Lixus spp.)도 빈번하게 채집되었다. 그리고 개여뀌에서는 처음으로 백합관총채벌레가 채집되었다. 며느리밑씻개에서는 미동전된 자나방이, 며느리 배꼽에서는 털꼭지바구미(Miarus atricolor)의 가해가 심하였다. 중심자목에서는 흰명아주와 명아주에서 애남생이잎벌레가 기주특이성을 나타내면서 잎을 가해하고 있었다. 한편, 콩밭에서 콩잎을 가해하고 있던 담배거세미나방 유충이 하층식물인 명아주와 개비름의 잎을 심하게 가해하고 있었는데 잡초가 해충발생에 영향을 미친다는 것이 확인되었다. 도금양목의 달맞이꽃류에서는 벼룩잎벌레(Altica oleracea)가 종종 채집되었고 통화식물목의 까마중은 목화진딧물의 피해를 받고 있었으며 홍다리줄벼룩잎벌레(Phylliodes brettinghami)가 처음으로 채집되었다. 질경이목의 질경이에서는 노린재류외에 줄무늬긴발벼룩잎벌레(Longitarsus scutellaris), 보라잎벌레(Hemipyxis plagioderoides)가 처음으로 기록되면서 기주특이성을 나타내었다. 노린재류도 많은 잡초에서 빈번하게 채집되었으나 가해유무는 확인하기 어려웠고 섬서구메뚜기도 많은 종류의 잡초를 가해하고 있었다. Phytophagous insects associated with Dicotyledoneae weeds and host specificities in the field populations were investigated for the survey of biological control agents of weeds in Korea. Fifty four weed species in 39 genera were collected during the survey. The most insects were collected from Polygonales by 24 species in 22 genera and followed by Urticales and Centrospermales by 17 species of 17 genera. The insects collected in the other weed orders were ranged from 1 to 12 species. Out of 17 insect species collected in Urticales, Baris sp. damaged the leaves of Hamulus japonicus in Cannabinaceae as scattered holeshape and showed host specificity. In Polygonaceae, Rumex japonicus and R. crispus were severely damaged by Aphis rumicis and Gastrophysa atrocyanea. G. atrocyanea leaf beetle had host specificity on R. japonicus and ate all the leaves except veins. The leaf beetle, Lypesthes japonicus was a potential biological control agent by feeding leaves of Persicaria spp .. And Lixus spp. were also often collected from Persicaria spp .. Liothrips vaneeckei was first collected from weed, P. modosa. P. senticosa was damaged by unidentified geometrid moth larvae and P. perfoiliata by Miarus atricolor snout beetle. Cassida piperata damaged leaves of Chenopodium album of Centrospermales and showed host specificity. In a soybean field, C. album and Amaranthus mangostanus were severely damaged by Spodoptera litura larvae which were eating soybean leaves. This phenomenon indicates that the presence of weed in cultivated land influences the outbreak of insect pests. Altica oleracea leaf beetle was frequently collected from Oenothera spp. of Onagraceae in Myrtales. Aphis gossyphi was outbroken on Solanum nigrum and Phylliodes brettinghami leaf beetle was first recorded on the same plant. Leaf beetles, Longitarsus scutellais and Hemipyxis plagioderoides were first collected from Plantago asiatica of Plantaginaceae in Plantaginales. They showed host specificities in the fields. The hemipterans were collected from many weeds during the survey and their roles on weeds should be investigated. A tractomorpha bedeli was also collected from many kinds of weeds in forest areas.

국화과(초롱꽃목 : 쌍자엽식물아강)의 잡초가해 곤충

추호렬,우건석,박영도,Patrick J.Shea 한국응용곤충학회 1992 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.31 No.4

한국산 국화과(초롱꽃목) 잡초를 가해하는 곤충조사 결과, 12속 16종의 잡초에서 5목 17과 43속 45종의 곤충이 채집되었다. 그 중 노린재목과 딱정벌레목의 각각 13종으로 가장 많이 채집되었으며, 중요한 잡초가해 곤충은 진딧물과 잎벌레였다. 식물별로는 참쑥에서 15속 16종의 가장 많은 곤충이 채집되었으며 그외 엉겅퀴와 망초에서도 많은 곤충이 기록되었다. 가해능력이 우수하였던 곤충은 엉겅퀴의 우엉수염진딧물과 엉겅퀴가는잎말이나방이었고 쑥류에서는 쑥민들진딧물외에 쑥잎벌레, 긴발벼룩잎벌레, 금록색잎벌레, Hamushia konishili 잎벌레였다. 기주특이성이 있었던 곤충은 진딧물류와 잎벌레류였으며 쑥류와 망초의 꽃에서 빈번하게 채집되었던 노린재류의 기능은 확인할 수 없었다. Phytophagous insects were surveyed from field populations of Compositae weeds in the order Campanulales. Forty five insect species including unidentified ones of 43 genera in 5 orders and 17 families were recorded from 16 species in 12 genera of Compositae weeds. The hemipterans and coleopterans were the most abundant insects representing 13 and 13 species, repectively. Aphids and leaf beetles were important phytophagous insects on Compositae weeds. The potential biological control insects were Uromelan gobonis and Aethes cnicana on Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriensis and Cryptosiphum artemisiae on Artemisia lavandulaefolia. The leaf beetles, Chrysolina aurichalcea, Longitarsus succineus, Basilepta fulvipes, and Hamushia konishii were often collected from A. lavandulaefolia. Aphids and leaf beetles showed host specificities. The roles of hemipterans collected from the flowers of A. lavandulaefolia and Erigeron canadensis were questionable.

Pseudomonas fluorescens JH 70-4 promotes Pb stabilization and early seedling growth of Sudan grass in contaminated mining site soil

Shim, Jaehong,Babu, A. Giridhar,Velmurugan, Palanivel,Shea, Patrick J.,Oh, Byung-Taek Taylor Francis 2014 Environmental technology Vol.35 No.20

Red yeast rice fermentation with Bacillus subtilis B2 under blue light-emitting diodes increases antioxidant secondary products (Manuscript ID: BPBSE-18-0387)

Elumalai, Punniyakotti,Park, Yool-Jin,Cho, Min,Shea, Patrick J.,Oh, Byung-Taek Springer-Verlag 2019 BIOPROCESS AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Vol.42 No.4

Simultaneous removal of phenol, Cu and Cd from water with corn cob silica-alginate beads

Shim, Jaehong,Lim, Jeong-Muk,Shea, Patrick J.,Oh, Byung-Taek Elsevier 2014 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.272 No.-

Phenol and heavy metals in petroleum waste are environmental and human health concerns, but physicochemical removal is often cost-prohibitive and can produce toxic secondary products and treatment residues. An environmentally benign alternative combines corn cob silica with alginate and immobilized bacteria into beads for treating contaminated water. The concentration of phenol was decreased >92% by Pseudomonas putida YNS1 on aliginate-silica beads (2%, w/v) after equilibrating for 96 h with water containing 214 mg phenol/L. GC-MS analysis indicated formation of benzoquinone and other polar products. Beads containing corn cob silica decreased Cu concentrations by 84-88% and Cd by 83-87% within 24 h. In a mixture of 114 mg phenol, 43 mg Cu and 51 mg Cd/L, phenol removal (93% within 96 h) only occurred with beads containing the silica and bacterial strain. Beads containing corn cob silica removed >97% of the Cu and >99% of the Cd, critical for reducing toxicity to the bacteria. Beads with the immobilized strain removed phenol when zeolite was used instead of corn cob silica, but beads with silica were more effective for Cu and Cd removal. Results show the potential of corn cob silica combined with alginate and immobilized bacteria for removing phenol and heavy metals from contaminated water. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Edge-Functionalized Graphene Nanoribbon Encapsulation To Enhance Stability and Control Kinetics of Hydrogen Storage Materials

Wan, Liwen F.,Cho, Eun Seon,Marangoni, Tomas,Shea, Patrick,Kang, ShinYoung,Rogers, Cameron,Zaia, Edmond,Cloke, Ryan R.,Wood, Brandon C.,Fischer, Felix R.,Urban, Jeffrey J.,Prendergast, David American Chemical Society 2019 Chemistry of materials Vol.31 No.8

<P>Hydrogen is a long-term clean energy carrier that enables completely carbon-free energy production. However, practical implementation of hydrogen fuel technologies is restricted because of lack of safe and high-performing storage materials. Here, we report Mg nanocrystals encapsulated by narrow, bottom-up synthesized graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) as environmentally stable and high-capacity hydrogen storage materials. As an encapsulation medium, GNRs offer similar functionalities as reduced graphene oxide to protect the encapsulated Mg nanocrystals from extensive oxidation, while allowing penetrations of hydrogen. In addition, the GNRs can be edge functionalized to tune the (de-)hydrogenation kinetics, in particular for the processes occurred at the GNR-Mg interfaces. In this work, four different types of edge-functional groups were introduced into GNRs with the goal of comparing their cycling performances because of edge functionalization. On the basis of detailed kinetic analysis coupled with first-principles calculations, we propose that edge-functional groups can contribute to the reduction of kinetic barriers for surface hydrogen reactions at the interface with the GNR by stabilizing surface defects. Furthermore, the GNR-Mg composite exhibited higher hydrogen storage capacity (7.1 wt % of hydrogen based on the total composite) compared with the current literature while demonstrating long-term air stability. This work suggests that the rational design of edge-functional groups in graphene derivatives can provide a general and novel paradigm for simultaneous encapsulation and hydrogen storage catalysis in simple metal or complex metal nanocrystals.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Surficial Disinfection Of Escheriachia Coli-Contaminated Playground Soil By UV Irradiation

Jae Eun Kim,Tong Soo Kim,Shin Hyeong Cho,Min Cho,Je Yong Yoon,Patrick J. Shea,Byung Taek Oh 대한환경공학회 2007 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.12 No.2

The necessity of disinfecting playground soil is an important issue, because pathogenic protozoa, bacteria, and parasite eggs remain viable for several months and can infect children. UV irradiation has been used to decontaminate water but its effectiveness on soil is unclear. We determined the efficacy of UV radiation for inactivation of an indicator bacteria, E. coli (strain ATCC 8739), on playground soil. While 99% inactivation of E. coli in the soil was readily achieved by UV radiation within 55 min at 0.4 mW cm-2, complete inactivation was not achieved, even after prolonged treatment at 4 mW cm-2. This was attributed to the irregular surface of the soil. A small number of E. coli escaped the UV radiation because they were situated in indentations or under small particles on the soil surface. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the surface characteristics of the soil is the major limiting factor in the inactivation of E. coli by UV radiation. Thus UV treatment may not be adequate for disinfecting some soils and should be carefully evaluated before being used on playground soils.