악성 림프종 환자에서 BEAM 고용량화학요법과 자가조혈모세포이식

박진노(Jin No Park),홍영선(Young Seon Hong),송치원(Chee Won Song),조석구(Seok Goo Cho),이종욱(Jong Wook Lee),민우성(Woo Sung Min),김춘추(Chun Choo Kim),이경식(Kyung Shick Lee) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.3

N/A Background : The long-term survival in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) after conventional chemotherapy is about 35% and the rest of the patients tend to have relapse. So, in relapsed or refractory NHL, the outcome of patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) was evaluated, and the main prognostic factors were determined. Methods : 17 patients with relapsed or resistant NHL (5 complete response group, 7 partial response group, 4 primary refractory group, 1 resistant relapse) underwent BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan) chemotherapy and APBSCT between July 1997 and February 1999. Results : The median follow-up duration was 17 months (range: 4-47). The response rate was 58.3% (complete response 33.3%, partial response 25.0%) in 12 patients in whom complete response group was not included. The 2-year, 3-year overall response rate were 41.2%, 27.5%, respectively. And 2-year progression free survival was 35.3%. The disease status before high-dose chemotherapy was the only significant prognostic factor in determining overall survival (univariate p=.024, multivariate p=.059) and progression free survival (univariate p=.013, multivariate p=.026). Patients with complete response to salvage regimen had better overall survival (p=.021) and progression free survival (p=.008) than patients with refractory response. WBC (≥ 1,000/uL) was recovered at the median 11 days (range; 8-24), and platelet (≥ 50,000/uL) was recovered at the median 18 days (range; 9-44). There was no treatment-related death and no grade 3 and 4 toxicity. Neutropenic infection was in 4 patients (1 Herpes zoster, 1 typhlitis, 1 perianal infection, 1 otitis externa). Conclusion : The pre-transplant disease status was the main prognostic factor. Patients with complete response to salvage regimen had the significant benefit in survival from high-dose chemotherapy and APBSCT, but patients with refractory or resistant relapsed NHL did not have any significant benefit.(Korean J Med 61:255-263, 2001)

중만생 기능성 당질미 ‘단미’

송유천(You-Chun Song),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee),이지윤(Ji-Yoon Lee),김춘송(Choon-Song Kim),김세리(Se-Ri Kim),정국현(Kuk-Hyun Jung),박노봉(No-Bong Park),곽도연(Do-Yeon Kwak),하운구(Woon-Goo Ha),이점식(Jeom-Sig Lee),강항원(Hang-Won Kang),조준 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회지 Vol.47 No.4

‘Danmi’, a sugary rice (Oryza sativa L.), was developed by the Department of Functional Crops, NICS, RDA in 2008. This variety was derived from a cross between ‘Sugary’ a genetic stock of germplasm as a source of sugary endosperm and ‘Seomjinbyeo’ in summer of 1994. The pedigree of ‘Danmi’ is YR16541-14-3-1-2-1-1-3-1-1 which was designated as ‘Milyang 227’ in 2005. Heading date of ‘Danmi’ is August 19, a medium-late maturing ecotype. The total sugar content of ‘Danmi’ was 21.7% with fructose (1.16%), glucose (7.87%), sucrose (9.69%), maltose (0.52%), and raffinose (2.13%), respectively. The appearance of grain is flat shape with 1,000 grain of brown rice is 16.1g. The yield potential of ‘Danmi’ in brown rice is 2.58MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test from 2006 to 2008. The sugary rice ‘Danmi’ would be adaptable to the plain paddy field of middle, honam and yeongnam province of Korea.

재발 및 불응성 비호즈킨 림프종 환자의 치료에서 IVAM ( Ifosfamide , VP-16 , Ara-C , Methotrexate ) 복합화학요법의 치료 효과

송치원(Chi Won Song),박진노(Jin No Park),조석구(Seok Goo Cho),이종욱(Jong Wook Lee),홍영선(Young Seon Hong),민우성(Woo Sung Min),김춘추(Chun Choo Kim),이경식(Kyung Shick Lee) 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회지 Vol.61 No.2

N/A Background : Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who do not respond to first-line chemotherapy or those who relapse after obtaining a complete response have a poor prognosis and are rarely cured with usual salvage chemotherapy. We investigated the treatment responses, toxicities, prognostic factors and mobilization efficacy of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) used as salvage chemotherapy. Methods : 55 patients with refractory (36) or relapsed (19) NHL were treated from Novembr 1997 to October 1999 with IVAM (ifosfamide, etoposide, cytarabine, methotrexate) regimen. Each patients was scheduled to receive one to three cycles of chemotherapy. When the leukocyte count reached 5×109/L after chemotherapy, PBSC collection was performed. The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks. Results : The median age was 48 years (range, 19-76). Median 2.1 cycles of chemotherapy were administered. 15 patients (27.3%) achieved complete response and 29 (52.7%) partial response, with an overall response rate of 80.0%. Myelosuppression was the major toxicity, with 98.2% of grade 3, 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, but there was no serious hemorragic event. Neutropenic fever occurred in 25.5% of the patients with one treatment-related death due to sepsis. Non-hematologic toxicity was modest. PBSC was collected in 36 patients for high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. The median number of mononuclear cells collected was 9.9×108/kg and the median number of CD34(+) cells collected was 11.9×106/kg. After a median follow-up of 13 months (range, 3-26), median progression free survival were 12 months and median overall survival has not been reached yet. 1-year overall survival and progression free survival were 61.9% and 46.1%, respectively. In univariate analyses, unfavorable prognosis was associated with poor performance status (p=0.001), high LDH (p=0.041), stage III,IV (p=0.04), extralymphatic lesion (p=0.027), B sx (p=0.034), bone marrow involvement (p=0.039) and performing high dose chemotherapy (p=0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that performance status(p=0.0042), B sx(p=0.049) was a significant independent risk factors for death. Conclusion : These results suggest that IVAM is an effective salvage chemotherapy for refractory or relapsed NHL and allow effective PBSC collection for high dose chemotherapy and autologous PBSCT.(Korean J Med 61:141-150, 2001)

경막외로 전이된 원발성 간암

정규원(Kyu Won Chung),선희식(Hee Sik Sun),심상인(Sang In Shim),강창석(Chang Suck Kang),박수헌(Soo Heon Park),한혁준(Hyeok Jun Han),노대근(Dae Keun Lo),박진노(Jin No Park),방춘상(Chun Sang Bang),최명규(Myong Gyu Choi) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies reported in ost of the Africa and South-east Asia. As hepatocellular carcinoma metastases well to distant site, half of the cases metastases to distant site at diagnosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma usually spread to regional lymph nodes around porta hepatis via lyphatics and venous metastasis can occur via intrahepatic vein. The usual sites of extrahepatic metastasis are lung, local lymph nodes, adrenal glands and bones, but epidural metastasis is very rare. Although the prognosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma was very poor in the past, the survival time seemed to be prolonged by early diagnosis and improvement of medical therapy. Therefore the importance of metastatic lesion of the hepatocellular carcinoma might be reemphasized. Recently we experienced a case of the hepatocellular carcinoma who developed paraplegia suddenly. MRI revealed ovoid epidural rnass at 6th and 7th dorsal vertebra level posteriorly. After emergency operation, the resected mass was confirmed metaststic hepatocellular carcinoma. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997;30:119-125)

Effects of transplanting date and organic fertilizer levels on growth and seed yield in P eusedanum japonicum THUNBERG

Byoung-Man Kang,Won-Suck Jung,Jun-Su Seo,Sug-Chan No,Hang-Bok Lee,Jung-Hee Cho,Seon-Woo Cha,Chun-Geon Park,Young-Sup Ahn,Jun-Hwan Yeo 한국약용작물학회 2014 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2014 No.05

우리나라의 최대하강수량 빈도계수 산정에 관한 연구

노재식,이원환,이길춘,No, Jae-Sik,Lee, Won-Hwan,Lee, Gil-Chun 한국수자원학회 1986 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 수공구조물의 계획설계와 물관리 계획시 계획강우량의 결정기준이 되는 우리나라 전역의 최대하강수량 추정을 위한 최대하강수량 빈도계수 산정에 관한 내용이다. PMP 빈도계수 산정에 있어서는 연속기록년 20년의 자기우량기록지 보유지점을 대상으로 하였으며, 지속기간별(10분, 1,2,4,6,12,24시간) 연최대치 강우자료집단을 이용하여 연최대평균강우량에 따른 PMP 빈도계수를 결정할 수 있는 상관도를 작성하였다. 최대하강수량은 최대평균강우량과 빈도계수 및 지속기간 상관도상에서 얻어진 PMP 빈도계수와 통계치를 사용하여 통계학적 방법으로 산정하였으며, 포락선에 의해서 지점 최대하강수량과 지속기간 관계식을 유도하여 산정하였다. 산정된 지점 최대하강수량으로부터 전국에 대한 24시간 최대하강수량 분포도와 PMP·DAD 곡선을 작성하였다. ^ The purpose of this study is to estimate the PMP frequency factor for evaluation of the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) in Korea. The value of PMP is the criterion of the determination of design rainfall in Planning and designing hydraulic structures, and water resources management. To obtain the object, 12 key stations were selected in which have the automatic rain0recording paper of 20 years, and the annual maximum rainfall values were calculated for each 7 durations(10 min., 1,2,4,6,12,24 hr.). The statistics(mean, standard deviation)were estimated, and diagram which shows the relationship between mean annual maximum rainfall($$) and frequency factor for each durations were drawn. PMP was estimated by statistical method using the PMP frequency factor obtained from the diagram and statistics($$, Sn). The PMP-Duration Equation was derived from the envelope curve in order to obtain the PMP for an arbitrary duration. The isohyetal map of 24 hours PMP and PMP. DAD curve for the whole of Korea were drawn in accordance with the point PMP values. The purpose of this study is to estimate the PMP frequency factor for evaluation of the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) in Korea. The value of PMP is the criterion of the determination of design rainfall in Planning and designing hydraulic structures, and water resources management. To obtain the object, 12 key stations were selected in which have the automatic rain0recording paper of 20 years, and the annual maximum rainfall values were calculated for each 7 durations(10 min., 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 hr.). The statistics(mean, standard deviation)were estimated, and diagram which shows the relationship between mean annual maximum rainfall($$) and frequency factor for each durations were drawn. PMP was estimated by statistical method using the PMP frequency factor obtained from the diagram and statistics($$, Sn). The PMP-Duration Equation was derived from the envelope curve in order to obtain the PMP for an arbitrary duration. The isohyetal map of 24 hours PMP and PMP. DAD curve for the whole of Korea were drawn in accordance with the point PMP values.

Determination of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Content using Visible/Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (VIS/NIRS) in Black Rice

Jeom-Sig Lee,Do-Yeon Kwak,No-Bong Park,You-Chun Song,Sea-Kwan Oh,Jeong-Heui Lee,Mi-Ra Yoon,ye-Won Kim,ieun Kwak,hung-Kon Kim,Young-Sun Hwang,young-Gun Choung 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회지 Vol.44 No.4

Brown rice grain pigments of black rice have a higher content of bioactive substances such as anti-mutagenic substance than the non-pigmented rice grain. The major anthocyanin pigment contained in black rice was cyanidin-3-glucoside. This study was conducted to establish a rapid analysis method for determining cyanidin-3-glucoside contents in flour and whole rice seeds of black rice using VIS/NIRS technique. A total of 60 black rice samples were used for VIS/NIRS equation model development and validation. The value of coefficient of determination of external validation (r 2 ) and standard error of performance (SEP) in whole rice seed sample were 0.653 and 97.2, respectively. Therefore, the value of it seemed to be difficult to analyze cyanidin-3-glucoside content in whole rice seed samples using VIS/NIRS. However, in rice flour sample, the best accurate equation model was obtained from the partial least square regression (PLS) method. The value of r 2 , SEP and bias were 22.5, 0.922 and -1.45 in the calibration transformed to the N-point smooth of log 1/R signal, 5 factors, respectively. Therefore, the results of our study clearly demonstrate that the VIS/NIRS method would be applicable only for rapid determination of cyanidin-3-glucose content in black rice flour samples.

정상 만삭산모에서 신생아 체중 및 성별에 따른 태아심박동의 컴퓨터를 이용한 분석

백민현 ( Min Hyun Baek ),천상훈 ( Sang Hoon Chun ),이수진 ( Soo Jin Lee ),김영재 ( Young Jae Kim ),최재호 ( Jai Ho Choi ),박문일 ( Moon Il Park ),정성노 ( Sung No Chung ),최원영 ( Won Young Choi ),차경준 ( Kyung Joon Cha ) 대한주산의학회 2008 Perinatology Vol.19 No.2

목적: 정상만삭임신부에서 신생아 체중 및 성별에 따른 태아심박동(FHR)의 여러 가지 변수에 대한 차이를 분석하고자 시도되었다. 방법: 2006년 7월부터 2007년 6월까지 한양대학병원 산부인과 외래를 통원하거나 외래를 통해 입원한 산모의 분만 전 NST를 시행한 산모 400명을 연구대상으로 선정하여 FHR과 제 변수의 기본적 통계치를 총괄적으로 비교 관찰하였다. 태아 체중별로 산모를 4군으로 나누었으며 이 각 군은 50명의 남아와 50명의 여아로 이루어져 있고(2,500 g 미만, 2,500-3,000 g 미만, 3,000-3,500 g 미만 그리고 3,500 g 이상) 이를 분석하였다. 분석에는 컴퓨터화된 태아심박동 분석체계인 Hanyang Fetal Monitoring System-II (HYFM-II, Window version 1.0)을 동원하였다. 결과: 태아심박동 제 변수에 대해 신생아체중에 따라 분류된 각 군에서 성별 간의 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. FHR 제 변수에 대한 신생아체중에 따라 분류된 각 군 간의 차이와 성별 간의 차이를 검증하기 위하여 시행한 분산분석에서 태아체중에 따라 분류된 각 군 간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. FHR 제 변수에 대한 각 신생아체중 군의 성별 간 검증을 위한 분산분석에서는 태아심박동 감소수 (15 bpm~15 sec)에서만 신생아체중에 따른 군에서 성별 간의 유의한 차이를 확인할 수 있었고, 이 외의 제 변수에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 적어도 정상 만삭임신에서 태아심박동의 각 변수는 태아의 체중과 성별로 분류한 각 군에서 별 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이는 정상만삭임신에서는 태아심박동을 조정하는 태아의 자율신경계가 거의 성숙단계에 이르렀기 때문이라 판단되는데, 저자들은 향후 만삭전 임신 및 각종 고위험임신에서의 신생아 성별 및 체중별 분석을 시도할 예정이다. Purpose: The objective of this study is to compare the difference of each fetal heart rate (FHR) variables between each categorized group according to birth weight and fetal sex using computerized analysis system of fetal heart rate. Methods: Non stress test (NST) of four hundred normal pregnant women were grouped based on birth weight to 4 groups, <2,500 g, 2,500~<3000 g, 3,000~<3,500 g and above 3,500 g. Fifty male and 50 female babies entered to each group. So, 100 normal pregnant women entered for the study in each group. For collection and analysis of data and values of each variables, our own FHR interpretation sofware, HYFM-II (Windows version 1.0) was used. Result: From the comparison between each group classified by each criteria, there were no specific significant differences in baseline FHR, FHR variability (amplitude & mean minute range), signal loss rate, number of fetal movements, the number of FHR acceleration & the number of FHR deceleration those were obtained by our computerized FHR analysis system. Conclusion: We confirm that there were no specific differences in each FHR varibles according to birth weight and fetal sex at least in term normal pregnancy.

뉴캣슬병 B1 생독백신의 효능비교

정만호 ( Man Ho Chung ),강춘원 ( Chun Won Kang ),노용기 ( Young Ki No ),반진열 ( Jin Yeal Park ) 한국가축위생학회 1990 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

The immune responses of commercial layer chickens against Newcastle disease(ND) were compared among different administration methods and times of vaccination during 4 weeks of age. A total of 372 day-old chickens were divided into 4 groups of 93 birds each. Each of 3 groups was received a commercially available B live vaccine via drinking water, eye instillation or spray method at one, 14 and 2 8 days of age. One group was used as an unvaccinated control. At two and 4 weeks after each time of vaccination, 15 birds from each group were collected randomly out and challenged with virulent ND virus at the dose of 105EID per bird. Ten to 15 birds from each group were bled at two weeks intervals from day old to 8 weeks of age for hemagglutination inhibition antibody titer. The protection rate was generally low regardless of the times of vaccination although two or more times vaccination gave higher protection than once vaccination. The low protection was considered due to low titer of the vaccine used since the vaccine titer was less than 103 5EID50 per bird. Spray method gave better protection compared to eye instillation or drinking water method which resulted in lowest response. Majority of birds showed clinical 5igns of ND between 3 and 6 days after challenge. Death occured one or two days after onset of symptoms. Major clinical signs observed were depression (94%), anorexia (84%), diarrhoea (29%), difficult breath (15%) and torticollis(10%). Hemorrhagic lesions on post mortem were seen in duodenum (51%), trachea (36%), illeum (13%), ceacal tonsil(11%), proventriculus(10%) and some other odrgans.

심부정맥혈전증의 병인 분석

이제환 ( Lee Je Hwan ),박선양 ( Park Seon Yang ),계경채 ( Gye Gyeong Chae ),정철원 ( Jeong Cheol Won ),신현춘 ( Sin Hyeon Chun ),이진학 ( Lee Jin Hag ),양성현 ( Yang Seong Hyeon ),김병국 ( Kim Byeong Gug ),김노경 ( Kim No Gyeon 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.3

연구배경 : 심부정맥혈전증은 체내 지혈혈전계의 불균형에 의해 발생하며 최근 혈전증 연구의 발달로 심부정맥혈전증의 여러 가지 선행 인자들이 알려져 있다. 국내에서도 상당수의 심부정맥혈전증이 발생하고 있으나 그임상상 및 발생요인 등의 병인론에 관해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 이에 저자들은 서울대학교병원 내과에서 심부정맥혈전증(종양색전은 제외)으로 진단받은 85예의 환자를 대상으로 임상적 선행 인자를 조사하였으며 동시에 혈액응고학적 선행 인자에 대한 검사를 실시하였다. 방법 : 혈전증의 임상상 및 혈전증의 임상적 선행 인자를 알기 위하여 대상 환자들의 병록지와 심부정맥혈전증의 진단시 시행된 방사선학적 검사를 검토하였으며, 혈전증을 유발할 수 있는 혈액응고학적 선행인자의 분석을 위하여는 항 cardiolipin 항체, C 단백, S 단백, antithtombin Ⅲ, tissue-type plasminogen activator 및 plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, 혈장 섬유소 용해능을 검사하였다. 결과 : 1) 대상 환자 85예중 남자 40예, 여자 45예로 남녀비는 1 : 1.13 이었고, 나이는 15세에서 77세로 중앙치는 47세였다. 대상 환자의 연령별 분포는 40대가 21예 (24.7%)로 가장 많았고, 50대가 19예(22.4%), 30대가 16예 (18.8%), 20대가 10예(11.7%), 60대가 9예 (10.6%), 70세 이상이 6예(7.1%)였고, 20세 미만도 4예 (4.7%) 있었다. 2) 심부정맥 혈전증의 발생 부위로는 장단지(calf)의 정맥에 국한된 경우가 7예(8.2%), 근위부쪽으로 슬와정맥(popliteal vein)까지 관여된 경우가 7예(8.2%), 장골 정맥(femoral vein)까지 관여된 경우가 12예 (14.1%), 대퇴 정맥(iliac vein)까지 관여된 경우가 37예(43.5%)로 하지가 전체 대상 환자의 74.1%인 63예였으며, 하대 정맥과 신 정맥이 관여된 경우가 8예(9.4%), 문 맥(portal vein)이 관여된 경우가 8예(9.4%)로 복강내 정맥 혈전증이 16예(18.8%) 있었다. 그외 상지의 정맥이 관여된 경우가 4예(4.7%), 상대 정맥 혈전증이 1예(1.2%)있었으며, 심부정맥혈전증의 증거가 없는 폐동맥 색전증이 1예(1.2%)있었다. 전체 대상 환자중 29예(34.1%)에서 폐동맥 색전증이 합병하였다. 3) 심부정맥혈전증의 임상적 선행 인자로는 고령(60세 이상)이 15예(17.0%), 악성종양 13예(15.3%), 혈전증의 과거력이 있는 경우가 11예(12.9%), 수술후 상태가 9예(10.6%), immobilization이 7예(8.2%), 고지질혈증 5예(5.9%), 비만증 4예(4.7%), 혈류의 정체 4예(4.7%), 신증후군 3예(3.5%), 당뇨병 3예(3.5%), Behcet씨 병 2예(2.4%), 여성호르몬제 복용 2예(2.4%) 등이었으며, 특별한 임상적 위험인자가 발견되지 않은 경우가 25예(29.4%)였다. 4) 심부정맥혈전증의 혈액응고학적 선행 인자로는 항 cardiolipin 항체가 양성인 경우, C 단백의 기능적 활성도나 유리형 S 단백의 항원량이 정상의 60% 미만인 경우, antithrombin Ⅲ의 기능적 활성도가 정상의 70%미만인 경우, t-PA값이 정상치보다 낮거나 PAI-1 값이 정상치보다 높은 경우, 그리고 섬유소 용해능이 정상치 보다 낮은 경우 등을 생각하였는데, 항 cardiolipin 항체양성이 7예(19.4%), C 단백의 기능적 활성도가 정상의 60% 미만인 경우가 3예(16.7%), S단백(free form)의 항원량이 정상의 60% 미만인 경우가 3예(10.7%), antithtombin Ⅲ의 기능적 활성도가 정상의 70% 미만인 경우가 2예(5.9%), t-PA가 정상치보다 낮은 경우가 5예(22.7%), PAI-1이 정상치보다 높은 경우가 10예(29.4%), 섬유소 용해능 검사가 정상치보다 낮게 나온 경우가 14예(42.4%) 있었다. 결론 : 한국인에서의 심부정맥혈전증의 중요한 임상적 선행원인으로는 고령, 악성종양, 혈전증의 과거력, 수술후 상태, 기동장애였고, 혈전증과 관련된 혈액응고학적 검사의 이상소견으로는 PAI-1의 증가와 t-PA의 감소, 항 cardiolipin 항체 양성이 흔히 관찰되었다. Background : The formation of deep vein thrombosis reflects a balance between the effects of thrombogenic stimuli and a series of protective mechanisms. Substantial progress has been made in the last several decades in identifying hereditary and acquired risk factors predisposing to deep vein trombosis. Even so, a large number of patients still have no identifiable underlying cause for recurrent venous thrombosis. Elucidation of specific predisposing factor (s) is required for proper management of thrombosis. For the Korean patients, these factors have not been well characterized. Methods : We analyzed clinical profiles of the patients with venous thromboembolism and investigated the laboratory abnormalities known to be associated with increased risk of thrombosis. Results : 1) The male-female ratio was 1 : 1. 13 and age distribution showed 24.7% in fifth decade, 22.4% in sixth, 18.8% in fourth, 11.7% in third, 10.6% in seventh, 7.1% over 70 years old, and 4.7% under 20 years. 2) The thromboses were most commonly located in lower extremities (74.1%), and intraabdominal thromboses were 16 cases (18.8%), thromboses of upper extremities 4 cases (4.7%), superior vena cave thrombosis 1 case (1.2%) and pulmonary embolism without evidence of deep vein thrombosis 1 case (1.2%). Thirty-four percent of the cases were diagnosed as having pulmonary embolism. 3) The clinical risk factors for venous thromboembolism were old age(17.0%), malignancy (15.3%), prior history of venous thromboembolism (12.9%), postoperative state (10.6%), immobilization (8.2%), hyperlipidemia (5.9%), systemic lupus erythemato년 (4.7%), obesity (4.7%), stasis (4.7%), nephrotic syndrome (3.5%), diabetes mellitus (3.5%), Behcet`s disease (2.4%), estrogen (2.4%). Twenty-nine percent of the cases had no indentifiable clinical risk factors. 4) The laboratory abnormalities associated with venous thromboembolism were increase of anticardiolipin antibody (19.4%), decrese of protein C activity (16.7%), decrease of protein S (free form) antigenicity (10.7%), decrease of antithrombin Ⅲ activity (5.9%), decrease of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) (22.7%), increase of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) (29.4%) and decrease of fibrinolytic activity (42.4%). Conclusion : Clinical and laboratory risk factors have been determined in 85 patients with deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism in Korea. Major clinical risk factors for venous thromboembolism included old age, malignancy, prior history, postoperative state and immobilization. Among the laboratory abnormalities associated with venous thromboembolism, increase of PAI-1 and/of decrease of t-PA, and increase of anticardiolipin antibody were most frequently observed.