Kraft Lignin Biodegradation by Dysgonomonas sp. WJDL-Y1, a New Anaerobic Bacterial Strain Isolated from Sludge of a Pulp and Paper Mill

( Jing Duan ),( Jidong Liang ),( Yiping Wang ),( Wenjing Du ),( Dongqi Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.10

Wastewater containing kraft lignin (KL) discharged from pulp and paper industries could cause serious environmental contamination. Appropriate effluent treatment is required to reduce the pollution. Investigations on anaerobic bacteria capable of degrading KL are beneficial to both lignin removal and biofuel regeneration from the effluent. In this paper, an anaerobic strain capable of degrading KL was isolated from the sludge of a pulp and paper mill and identified as Dysgonomonas sp. WJDL-Y1 by 16S rRNA analysis. Optimum conditions for KL degradation by strain WJDL-Y1 were obtained at initial pH of 6.8, C:N ratio of 6 and temperature of 33°C, based on statistical analyses by response surface methodology. For a 1.2 g/l KL solution, a COD removal rate of 20.7% concomitant with biomass increase of 17.6% was achieved after 4 days of incubation under the optimum conditions. After the treatment by strain WJDL-Y1, KL was modified and degraded.

한국 서울과 중국 북경 아파트 평면 공간구성의 비교 분석 연구

단경위(Duan, Jing-Wei),신경주(Shin, Kyung-Joo) 한국실내디자인학회 2012 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.1

Korea and China have a long history of active communication since they are close geographically and share similar culture. Both Korea and China located in East Asia, use Chinese character and influenced by Confusion. At the same time, after thousand of years corporation and competition, each country developed its own unique culture and living environments. “House” is the physical form of “Home” representing the way people live, behave and their value. In the process of modernization, as the population of people increase rapidly, apartments become the typical home of Chinese and Korean. Used the number of analysis cases are 240(Seoul 120 and BeiJing 120) apartment unit plans in 2000s and 2010s for this study. This paper is going to compare and contrast the interior of apartments and compare the entrance, hall, livingroom, kitchen, diningroom, bedroom, bathroom and enviroment, culture, lifestly in Seoul and Beijing in order to understand better the difference between the two cultures.

한국과 중국 아파트의 평면구성 비교

단경위(Weing, Duan-Jing),신경주(Shin, Kyung-Joo) 한국실내디자인학회 2012 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.21 No.5

Though Korea and China have a lot of things in common, these two countries have developed different housing style. However, after modernization, apartments have become major housing style in both Korea and China. So this research analyzed 240 apartment plans which was build in Seoul and Beijing in 2000s and 2010s to predict the future trends for apartments. The results are as follows: The opening direction of the front door will be outwards as the hallway space of small apartments in China become wider as the living standards is increasing. Because of the floor sitting lifestyle, Koreans end outdoor activities when take off their shoes at the entrance hall and continue for indoor activities, they separate entrance hall from livingroom. However, because Chinese have chair sitting lifestyle, entrance hall and livingroom is not divided. Korean apartment shows a trend which connects livingroom, diningroom and kitchen altogether; however, Chinese apartment shows a trend which separates kitchen from livingroom and diningroom. Bedrooms are showing a trend of distributed layout. Master bedroom are showing a trend which includes separate bathroom or attached room as the size of apartment increases and so on.

Alu Tandem Sequences Inhibit GFP Gene Expression by Triggering Chromatin Wrapping

Xiu Fang Wang,Xiao Yan Wang,Jing Liu,Jing Jing Feng,Wen Li Mu,Xiao Juan Shi,Qin Qing Yang,Xiao Cui Duan,Ying Xie,Zhan Jun Lu 한국유전학회 2009 Genes & Genomics Vol.31 No.3

Alu elements belonging to the short interspersed nuclear elements (SINE) of repetitive elements are present in more than one million copies which altogether represent 10% of the whole human genome. In this study, the roles of Alu tandem sequences in the process of GFP gene (GFP) expression and packing into chromatin of its DNA were studied. To detect the effect of Alu repeats on gene expression, different copies of Alus were inserted GFP downstream respectively in pEGFP-C1 vector. We found that Alu sequences decreased the amount of GFP transcription, the percentage of GFP positive cells and the accessibility to DNase I in length-dependent manner. Inserting Alu caused the production of higher-molecular-mass RNA, indicating Alu sequence did not induce premature transcriptional termination. Tight packing chromatins keep silent and resist to DNase I digestion, which is a general phenomenon. We suggested that head and tail tandem Alu sequences suppressed GFP expression in length dependent manner by triggering chromatin packing.

Blind Separation of Permuted Alias Image with Motion Blurred Using Image Enhancement in NSCT Domain

DUAN Xin-tao,WANG Jing-juan,PENG Tao,LI Fei-fei,LIU Shang-Wang,LIU Tuan-ning 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.3

Focused on the issue that motion blurred permuted alias image blind separation, an algorithm using image enhancement based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain was proposed. Firstly, permuted alias image was decomposed into low-frequency sub-band and high-frequency sub-bands, which were obtained by spare decomposition based on NSCT domain. Coefficients of high-frequency sub-bands were enhanced according to Bayesian shrinkage threshold and nonlinear gain function, and the enhanced version was got by this method. Then the permuted alias image and the enhanced version were blocked, the correlation coefficients were estimated by each corresponding sub-block, because the permuting image was changed larger, the permuting image could be separated by using threshold method. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can separate the permuting image effectively from the permuted alias image in spite of the motion blurred direction, blur degree, size, location and the number of permuting image.

Folate intake, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms in Association with the Prognosis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Jing, Chen,Huang, Zhijie,Duan, Yuqin,Xiao, Xinrong,Zhang, Ru,Jiang, Jianqing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Aim: An epidemiological study was conducted based on an esophageal cancer patient's cohort to investigate the association of folate intake and MTHFR C677T polymorphism with the prognosis of esophageal cancer in a Chinese population. Methods: 167 patients aged 37-75 years who had histological confirmed diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell cancer were collected from Jan. 2006 to Jan. 2008. MTHFR genotypes at the C677T site were analyzed by PCR-based RFLP methods, and the folate intake was computed by multiplying the food intake (in grams) and the folate content (per gram) of food in our questionnaire. Results: We found associations between the prognosis of esophageal cancer and smoking status, T and N stages. Individuals carrying the MTHFR 677CT and TT genotypes showed a shorter survival time than with the CC genotype, with adjusted HRs (95% CI) of 1.20 (0.56-2.15) and 2.29 (1.30-4.28), respectively. Similarly, those carrying MTHFR 677T allele had a 1.86-fold risk of death. A higher folate concentration showed a significant decreased risk of death, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.45 (0.18-0.87). Individuals with high folate intake and the MTHFR 677CC genotype showed a significant decreased risk of esophageal cancer (0.43, 0.25-0.89).Conclusion: Our findings supports the hypothesis that high folate intake and active MTHFR C677T polymorphism may exert protective roles in the prognosis of esophageal cancer in the Chinese population.

One-step preparation of functionalized cotton exocarp-based sorbent for efficient Hg0 immobilization

Duan Xue-Lei,Yuan Chun-Gang,Jing Tian-Tian,Yuan Xiao-Dong 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.1

Activated carbon (AC) injection has been regarded as one of the most effective control technologies for Hg0 removal in flue gas. It is worthwhile to explore new and simple preparation methods for AC with low cost and high Hg removal capacity. In this study, a biomass based AC was successfully prepared from levant cotton exocarp using ZnCl2 activation. The mercury adsorption efficiency and mechanism were studied via the fixed bed experiments. Activator, reaction temperature and components of simulated coal-fired flue gas were investigated. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied for morphology characterization of the prepared AC and discussion of the possible adsorption mechanism. The adsorbed mercury species and the physiochemical properties of prepared AC were discussed. The results showed that (1) Hg0 removal efficiency could reach up to 90% at 150 ℃ under simulated flue gas (SFG); (2) Hg0 adsorption was controlled by the combination of physical and chemical mechanisms.

Identification of the WRKY gene family in apricot and its response to drought stress

Jing Chenjuan,Wang Duan,Liu Zhikun,Chen Xuefeng,Dong Hui,Wu Xiaohong 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2

The WRKY family has been found in 14 plant species, and its members are mostly involved in plant stress resistance. Apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L.) trees are extremely drought tolerant, but the molecular mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the WRKY gene family in apricot and analyzed the gene expression patterns in response to drought stress. A total of 56 candidate WRKY genes (PaWRKY1–56 ) were identifi ed in the apricot genome. The putative proteins contain 162–1055 amino acids, with an isoelectric point of 5.0–9.68 and molecular weight of 18.76– 114.2 Da. The PaWRKY family has a heptapeptide domain (WRKY) and zinc fi nger domain (CX 5-7 CX 22-23 HXH), which show diff erential variations among three groups. Group I has 12 members, with 2 WRKY and zinc fi nger domains located at the C and N terminus, respectively. Group II can be further divided into II-b, II-c, II-d, and II-e, with 10, 13, 6, and 7 members, respectively. Group III has eight members. Members of groups II and III have one WRKY and one zinc fi nger domain. Fifty-one PaWRKY genes are unevenly distributed across eight linkage groups. Only one tandem repeat event was detected, and gene duplication was identifi ed as the main factor driving gene evolution. A total of 28 PaWRKY genes responded to the drought–rehydration treatment. In particular, drought stress up-regulated PaWRKY11/14/48 expression and down-regulated PaWRKY23 expression. The genome-wide identifi cation, functional characterization, and evolution- ary analysis of the PaWRKY family yield new insights into the role of WRKY in the drought tolerance of apricot trees.

A hybrid algorithm of underwater structure vibration and acoustic radiation-propagation in ocean acoustic channel

Duan, Jia-xi,Zhang, Lin,Da, Liang-long,Sun, Xue-hai,Chen, Wen-jing The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2020 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.12 No.1

In ocean environment, the sound speed gradient of seawater has an important influence on far field sound propagation. The FEM/BEM is used to decouple the vibroacoustic radiation of the spherical shell, and the Green function of the virtual source chain is adopted for decoupling. For far field radiated Sound Pressure Level (SPL), the Beam Displacement Ray normal Mode (BDRM) is employed. The vibration and near-/far-field radiated SPL of spherical shell is analyzed in shallow sea uniform layer, negative/positive gradient, negative thermocline environment, and deep-sea sound channel. Results show that the vibroacoustic radiation of spherical shell acted at 300Hz can be analogous to dipole. When the radiated field of the spherical shell is dominated by large-grazing-angle waves, it can be analogous to vertically distributed dipole, and the far field radiated SPL is lower; while similar to horizontally distributed dipole if dominated by small-grazing-angle waves, and the far field SPL is high.

Glulathione-S-transferases Gene Polymorphism in Prediction of Gastric Cancer Risk by Smoking and Helicobacter Pylori Infection Status

Jing, Chen,Huang, Zhi-Jie,Duan, Yu-Qin,Wang, Pei-Hong,Zhang, Ru,Luo, Ke-Shu,Xiao, Xin-Rong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Aim: To evaluate the association of glutathione S-transferases gene polymorphisms with the risk of gastric cancer, with reference to smoking and Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods: We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study with 410 gastric cancer cases and 410 cancer-free controls. Polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 were determined using PCR-CTPP. Results: The GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were significantly associated with the risk of gastric cancer after adjusting for potential confounding factors (OR=1.68, 95% CI=1.32-2.23 for null GSTM1, OR=1.73; 95% CI=1.24-2.13 for null GSTT1). The combination of null GSTM1 and null GSTT1 conferred an elevated risk (OR=2.54, 95% CI=1.55-3.39). However, no association was found for GSTP1 polymorphism The smoking modified the association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes with the risk of gastric cancer. Conclusion: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes are associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, and smoking modifies the association.