Korean Association for Clinical Oncology : Slide Session ; P-62 : Palliative Cancer ; Longitudinal Change of Quality of Life in Patients Who Experienced Gastric and Colorectal Cancer Surgery

( Dae Ro Choi ),( Boram Han ),( Jung Hoon Kim ),( Hyeong Su Kim ),( Geun Doo Jang ),( Jung Hye Kwon ),( Ho Young Kim ),( Jung Han Kim ),( Joo Young Jung ),( Hyo Jung Kim ),( Hyunsook Yoon ),( Hoon Sik 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Early detection of cancer and improved treatment has led to higher survival rates and increased long-term survivors in oncology practice. But there are few longitudinal Quality of Life (QoL) studies in patients who experienced cancer surgery.To investigate the longitudinal change in QoL after cancer surgery, we designed prospective study for QoL in patients who experienced gastric and colorectal cancer surgery. Methods: A prospective longitudinal cohort study was designed. Patients from Hallym, Ajou, and Samsung medical center in South Korea were enrolled from February to September of 2012. They were given questionnaires every 6 months since then, and we`ve been using EORTC QLQ C-30 as quality of life scale. Patients over 55 years old who received curative resection due to gastric or colorectal cancer were included. The mean scores of the patients completing the interview at the 3 time points were compared using mixed model. Results: A total of 273 patients were interviewed at baseline. There were 188 patients (68.9 %) over 65 years old. As expected, physical functioning showed signifi cantly higher score in younger group (< 65 years old) (p=0.008). But global health status score in elderly group (= 65 years old) was higher than in younger (p=0.016). Younger patients complained of diarrhea more (p=0.027). In other items, there were no signifi - cant differences. As time went on, in both age group, appetite was improved, fi nancial diffi culties was increased. In this longitudinal cohort study, the elderly patients who experienced gastric and colorectal cancer surgery maintained relatively well-preserved functional status except physical function, compared with younger patients. And most patients expressed fi nancial burden was increasing as time went on.

Fate of sulfur mustard on soil: Evaporation, degradation, and vapor emission

Jung, Hyunsook,Kah, Dongha,Chan Lim, Kyoung,Lee, Jin Young Elsevier 2017 Environmental pollution Vol.220 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>After application of sulfur mustard to the soil surface, its possible fate via evaporation, degradation following absorption, and vapor emission after decontamination was studied. We used a laboratory-sized wind tunnel, thermal desorber, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and <SUP>13</SUP>C nuclear magnetic resonance (<SUP>13</SUP>C NMR) for systematic analysis. When a drop of neat HD was deposited on the soil surface, it evaporated slowly while being absorbed immediately into the matrix. The initial evaporation or drying rates of the HD drop were found to be power-dependent on temperature and initial drop volume. Moreover, drops of neat HD, ranging in size from 1 to 6 μL, applied to soil, evaporated at different rates, with the smaller drops evaporating relatively quicker. HD absorbed into soil remained for a month, degrading eventually to nontoxic thiodiglycol via hydrolysis through the formation of sulfonium ions. Finally, a vapor emission test was performed for HD contaminant after a decontamination process, the results of which suggest potential risk from the release of trace chemical quantities of HD into the environment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The initial evaporation rates of HD from soil are heavily dependent on temperature, wind speed, and drop size. </LI> <LI> Persistent HD degrades to nontoxic thiodiglycol via hydrolysis through the formation of sulfonium ions. </LI> <LI> Vapor emission rates of HD remaining after decontamination were determined from soil. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

VX Evaporation and Degradation from Urban Land Surfaces

Jung, Hyunsook,Choi, Seungki Mary Ann Liebert 2017 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE Vol.2017 No.-

<P>Evaporation and degradation of the nerve agent, VX [O-ethyl S-2-(N,N-diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate] was explored on common urban or industrial surfaces, including sand, soil, and concrete. Concentration profiles of VX vapor were obtained using a laboratory-sized wind tunnel and thermal desorber in conjunction with gas chromatography. Results show that released VX vapors amounted to <20% of the applied mass and evaporation rates were found to be 0.12g/min in sand, 0.088g/min in soil, 0.16g/min in concrete (water-cement ratio, w/c=0.50), which are approximate to 5-10 times slower than in the glass surface. At elevated temperature of 35 degrees C, rates remarkably increased at 0.44g/min in sand, 0.12g/min in soil, and 0.67g/min in concrete. Rates also increased with lower w/c in concrete (0.48g/min in concrete [w/c=0.42] and 0.76g/min in concrete [w/c=0.31]). On the other hand, a drop of neat VX sorbed into the matrices remained for days and degraded following a pseudo first-order rate reaction. Estimated half-lives of VX in these matrices were approximate to 6 days in sand, 8 days in soil, and 3 days in concrete (w/c=0.50) at room temperature. Degradation products were the following: ethyl methylphosphonic acid (EMPA), ethyl methylphosphonothioic acid (EMPT), methylphosphonic acid (MPA), 2-(diisopropylamino)ethanethiol (DESH), and bis(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) sulfide [(DES)(2)]. Parameters, which were quantified and evaluated in this study, will be useful for database establishment in risk assessment of exposure of the general population to highly lethal VX.</P>

Study on evaporation characteristics of a sessile drop of sulfur mustard on glass.

Jung, Hyunsook,Myung, Sung Min,Park, Myung Kyu,Lee, Hae Wan,Ryu, Sam Gon Springer Verlag 2012 Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxico Vol.88 No.5

<P>The evaporation characteristics (evaporation rates and process) of a sessile drop of sulfur mustard on glass has been studied using a laboratory-sized wind tunnel, gas chromatograph mass spectrometry, and drop shape analysis. It showed that the evaporation rates of the droplet increased with temperature and air flow. The effect of temperature on the rates was more pronounced at lower air flow. Air flow was less effective at lower temperature. The contact angle of the droplet was initially observed as θ = 19.5 0.7 and decreased linearly with time until it switched to a constant mode.</P>

Study on the initial evaporation rates of distilled sulphur mustard (HD) in concrete using wind tunnel and TD-GC/MSD: effect of drop size and temperature

Jung, Hyunsook,Lee, Hae Wan Taylor Francis 2015 International journal of environmental analytical Vol.95 No.6

<P>In this paper, we demonstrate a robust, analytical method for the study of the initial evaporation rates of distilled sulphur mustard (HD) in concrete at various drop sizes and temperatures. We used a 5-cm wind tunnel and thermal desorption (TD) in connection with gas chromatograph and mass spectrometry detection (GC/MSD). Drops of neat HD, ranging in sizes of 1, 3, 6 and 9 mu L, were applied to small concrete coupons. The temperatures were either 18 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 35 degrees C or 50 degrees C. The drop of HD rapidly spread in concrete upon its release. The initial evaporation rates of the drop of HD were analysed by TD in conjunction with GC/MSD. The results showed that the initial evaporation rates increased while HD spread over the surface of concrete, then decreased as the contamination was over. We also found that the initial evaporation rates of the drop of HD in concrete are linearly proportional to drop size and temperature. In particular, drop size or spreading factor has a more pronounced effect on the initial evaporation rates of the drop of HD in concrete than temperature.</P>

Behavior of sulfur mustard in sand, concrete, and asphalt matrices: Evaporation, degradation, and decontamination

Jung, Hyunsook,Choi, Seungki Taylor Francis 2017 Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part Vol.52 No.12

Enhanced thermal degradation of 2,2′-dichlorodiethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard, HD) with the presence of metal oxides

Jung, Hyunsook,Lee, Hae Wan,Jeong, Eun Ah Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related el Vol.191 No.8

<P>Thermal degradation of sulfur mustard (2,2-dichlorodiethyl sulfide, HD) in the presence of metal oxide adsorbents was investigated by thermal desorption in conjunction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Zr(OH)(4), Al2O3, Al2CoO4, MgO, CeO2, and V2O5 were used as metal oxide adsorbents. Neat HD was spiked onto the metal oxides packed in glass tubes, which were kept at room temperature and then heated at moderately elevated temperatures of 100 degrees C by a thermal desorption system. The products of thermal degradation were directly transferred and analyzed by GC-MS. 1,4-Dithiane and 1,4-oxathiane were characterized as the major products of the thermal degradation of HD in the presence of Zr(OH)(4), Al2O3, Al2CoO4, and CeO2 adsorbents. No effective degradation was observed with MgO and V2O5. Of particular note is Zr(OH)(4), which extremely enhanced the thermal degradation of HD.</P>

평생교육원의 독서 프로그램 운영 경험에 대한 비판적 반성

정현숙(Jung, Hyunsook) 한국열린교육학회 2020 열린교육연구 Vol.28 No.3

본 연구는 평생직업인시대에 부합하여 연구자가 실시했던 독서지도 프로그램의 운영 및 지도의 경험을 비판적으로 고찰한 것이다. 연구자는 2019년 00대학교 평생교육원에서 인문학 서적에 관심 있는 17명의 성인수강생들을 대상으로 총 15주 과정의 30시간 특강을 진행하였다. 이 연구의 이론적 배경으로는 평생직업인 시대의 학습자 역량, 평생직업인 교육에 부응하는 인문학 경험 및 독서, 자기주도학습(self-directed learning)과 산파(産婆) 활동이다. 이에 독서 프로그램 개발과 운영에서 프로그램의 교육목표, 강의실의 구성과 도서 선정의 구조, 독서지도 방법, 수강생의 반응 및 교수자의 피드백에 관한 경험을 비판하였다. 결론적으로 평생교육 차원에서 독서지도의 개선방안은 프레임 전환을 통해 새로운 방법론이 적용되어야 함이다. 그 새로운 방법으로는 독서지도 방법에 따른 인식의 확장, 도서 선정의 철학적(哲學的) 지혜, 대화법(對話法)의 확대, 전략으로서 맥락적 지식 제공, 자기주도적 독서와 독서노트 작성 그리고 교육목표(敎育目標)에 관한 자기평가와 피드백이다. In this study, the researcher critically discussed the management of reading programs for adult learners who are interested in reading, and its experiences at the Lifelong Education Center of University during the second semester of 2019. The summary of the discussions, which considered the transformation of the framework of reading education for the knowledge and information society, are as follows. First, the theoretical background for organizing reading education at lifelong education centers includes a knowledge and information based society with integrated education, capabilities of learners for an era of lifelong careers, a humanities experience that matches the education for those with lifelong careers, reading as part of the humanities experience, self-directed learning, and Socrates’ Method. Second, it was regrettable in the course of running a reading instruction program that students had no obligation to read the book in advance, and a gap in individual understanding occurred in the actual class. In order to increase the satisfaction level of the more active classes, systemic preparation was needed to minimize the gap in understanding. In other words, the instructor realized that it was necessary to “induce positiveness” by directly uploading the reference contents two weeks before class and including simple tasks as well. Third, methods to transform the framework of reading education at lifelong education centers include expanding the awareness on reading education methods, the philosophical selection of books, application of new reading education methods, self-evaluation, and feedback. The world is now entering an era of lifelong careers with its transformation from an industrial society to an era of knowledge and information or a knowledge and information based society. Such a trait shows that it is necessary to transform the framework of reading programs at lifelong education centers. The author claims that the purpose and direction of reading education must be reconstructed to match the changes of the society, and transform reading education methods at its framework level.

박태원 소설에 나타난 연속성과 불연속성(1) - 월북 후 소설을 중심으로

정현숙(Jung hyunsook) 한국언어문학회 2007 한국언어문학 Vol.61 No.-

  The current study hypothesized that the Pak Tae-Won’s literature written in North Korea has a continuity of the work world of his works done in South Korea. The objective of this study is to examine of what kind of continuity and/or discontinuity of his works between them.<BR>  In the novel of 「Fatherland Flag」, which is based on Korean war, Pak Tae-Won expressed the nostalgia toward the family and the hostility against the U.S. army, which is a continuous characteristic of his view of point toward the West culture. More specifically, through this novel, he stressed that the West destroys the nepotism of the traditional value.<BR>  Pak Tae-Won reworked his previous literature published in South Korea such as 『General Rhee Sun-Shin』 and 『The fatherland warfare at Yim-Jin year』. While they shared the same contents with his South Korean ones, 『General Lee Sun-Shin』 and 『Yim-Jin Battle』, there is a difference in terms of the focus in between ones from North Korean and ones from South Korea. The difference is as following: The literature from South Korea emphasized the nationalism. In the other hand, the literature from North Korea stressed the heroism of General Rhee, the hatreds against a ruling class, the independency of the people, the importance of P"yongyang Castle recapture and the military cooperation with Myung Dynasty (China). All reflect the political situation of the North Korea literary policy which emphasizes the patriotism as well as nationalism and the amicable relationship with China.<BR>  Pak Tae-Won continued the author ceremony from South Korea while accommodating the liberal arts policy of North Korea. His work from North Korea still had the same author ceremony by focusing on everyday life, traditional values and familism which were shown in his literature back in South Korea. In addition, his writing done in North Korea emphasizes anationalism and a sense of class distinction.

2011 개정 국어과 교육과정에 따른 문학 영역과 교과서의 양상

정현숙(Jung, Hyunsook) 돈암어문학회 2014 돈암어문학 Vol.27 No.-

이 글의 논점은 크게 두 가지이다. 하나는 2011 개정 교육과정에서 <국어>Ⅰ·Ⅱ 교과목의 정체성을 살펴보고, ‘문학’ 영역과 관련하여 내용체계와 세부내용이 어떻게 설정되어 있는지를 짚어보는 것이고, 다른 하나는 <국어>Ⅰ·Ⅱ 11종 교과서에 수록된 현대소설을 중심으로 교과서의 구성 체계와 소설교육의 방향을 비판적으로 검토하는 것이다. 2011 개정 국어과 교육과정에서 고등학교의 모든 국어 과목은 선택교육 과정으로 설정되어 있다. 그리고 <국어>Ⅰ는 일반적인 교양수준의 국어능력, <국어>Ⅱ는 심화 수준의 국어능력을 배양하는 데에 목표를 두고 있다. <국어>Ⅰ에서 ‘문학’ 영역의 내용체계는 문학 갈래의 이해. 작가의 개성이해와 작품 감상, 문학과 사회적 소통, <국어>Ⅱ에서는 한국문학의 전승과 흐름. 문학의 효용과 문학 활동. 문학 감상과 비평적 태도로 설정되어 있다. 각 교과서들은 ‘문학’ 영역을 독립적인 대단원으로 설정하는 경우보다는 다른 영역과 통합하여 설정하고 있다. 또한 다섯 영역 중에 문학 영역과 관련한 대단원을 가장 많이 설정하고 있는데, 이것은 여전히 문학이 차지하는 비중이 높다는 것을 의미한다. 11종 교과서에 현대소설 수록 편수는 <국어>Ⅰ에 19편, <국어>Ⅱ에 14편, 총 33편, 평균 1.5편으로 2009교육과정에 비하여 40%가 축소되었다. 또한 그동안 정전으로 평가받아온 이광수, 김동인, 현진건, 채만식의 소설들은 거의 배제되고, 동시대 작가들의 작품이 많이 수록되고 있다. 현대소설 수록이 줄면서 각 교과서들은 다른 장르와 연계하거나 성취기준을 통합적으로 고려한 학습활동을 제시하고 있다. 또한 <국어>Ⅰ·Ⅱ 교과목은 서로 다른 목표와 성취기준이 설정되어 있지만, 일부 교과서는 이러한 점을 고려하지 않고 있다. There were two major objectives of this study. One was to examine the identity of Korean I?II subject in the revised 2011 curriculum, along with systems of content and detailed contents with regard to literature part. The other was to review critically the configuration of a textbook and direction of novel education focusing on contemporary novels included in 11 Korean I?II textbooks. Thereby, an ultimate objective of this study was to figure out how the status of literature education changed according to the revised 2011 Korean curriculum. This study gave attention to correlation between curriculum and textbook because a textbook is the core to realize learning and teaching. Although high school Korean I?II came under elective curriculum in the revised 2011, these were nearly handed Korean top, bottom which were common subjects in the revised 2009 curriculum. Korean I aimed to develop general Korean ability, and included understanding the genre of literature, understanding personality of authors, appreciating works, and social communication with novels in literature part. Whereas, Korean II aimed to develop deepen Korean ability, and included the transmission of contemporary Korean literature, the utility of literature, and a critical attitude of mind for literature. 19 contemporary novels were contained in Korean I, 14 ones were in Korean II. Because all Korean textbooks were published in 11 companies, it was 1.5 novels per a textbook on average. It was 40% reduced compared with the 2009 revised, and revealed how much the status of literature education weakened in Korean textbook. Novels were mainly included in ‘Sections of Literature’ unit in Korean I, and ‘Reception and production’ unit in Korean II. However, because the number of contents was reduced drastically, some textbook didn’t reflect sufficiently content system and achievement standard. Moreover, even though there were difference goal and achievement standard between Korean I and Korean II, some textbook didn’t consider it. Most of all, the biggest problem was that textbooks’ composition for literature didn’t fulfill achievement standard of curriculum due to concentrating development of an event, personal character, and technique of expression mostly. As much as reduced number of novels, textbook should contain appropriate novels that satisfy contents to learn in novel genre. Moreover, if a textbook contains only one or two novels, it should present learning goal consider of achievement standard comprehensively, or provide complementing questions in learning activity.