Change detection of landscape connectivity arisen by forest transformation in Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary, Jharkhand (India)

Gupta Saurabh Kumar,Pandey Arvind Chandra 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.4

Forest land conversion is the primary driver of biodiversity decline worldwide. Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary is a region of rich biodiversity in which forests and wildlife are deteriorating fast. The prime reasons for forest degradation and wildlife loss are the landscape connectivity weakening and forest transformation. In the present work, landscape connectivity and forest transformation relationships were analyzed in a spatio-temporal domain. The forest patches as a group of spectral abundance were extracted using the endmember retrieval technique. The connectivity analysis was performed by using a connectivity index in the extracted forest patches. Forest transformation is calculated using a post-classification change detection strategy for five types of forest cover during the four phases of the year (1992–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2017 and 1992–2017). The forest cover was measured using a forest canopy density model using spectral indices. The landscape connectivity of 80–100% exhibit a rapid increase of 38% in 2005 from 1992 contrary to a 13% decrease in 2010 and 2017. The 23% loss of forest cover from 2005 to 2010 and a 17% loss in 2010–2017 phase of forest transformation weakened the forest connectivity. Forest cover, having a density higher than 40% was more vulnerable to degradation and landscape connectivity loss. The result shows that such declines of forest cover and landscape connectivity will reduce the genetic diversity in the forest, especially the mammalian population.

Deciphering genome-wide WRKY gene family of Triticum aestivum L. and their functional role in response to Abiotic stress

Saurabh Gupta,Vinod Kumar Mishra,Sunita Kumari,Raavi,Ramesh Chand,Pritish Kumar Varadwaj 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.1

WRKY transcription factors (TFs) act in regulating plant growth and development as well as in response to different stress. Some earlier studies done by individual researchers reported different wheat WRKY TFs. Although, the recently released wheat genome has opened an avenue to investigate wheat WRKYs (TaWRKY) TFs. Prime objective of this study to performed genome-wide classifications of TaWRKYs and their functional annotation. The classification of 107 individual identified characterized sequences of TaWRKY (IICS-TaWRKY) and 160 uncharacterized draft sequences of TaWRKY (UDS-TaWRKY), along with their gene structures and motifs analysis was performed. Along with comparative sequence analysis and microarray analysis was performed to mimic out TaWRKYs functions in response to different abiotic stresses, accompanied by in-vitro validation. The comparative phylogenetic analysis and estimation of Ka/Ks ratio with Triticum urartu, illustrate group based clasifications of TaWRKYs and evolutionary divergences. Furthermore, motif-based and protein-DNA interaction analysis of TaWRKYs helps to identify, their putative function in target DNA recognition sites. Subsequently, results of microarray and comparative sequence analysis provides the evidence of TaWRKYs involved in heat and/or drought stress. Further, in-vitro results validates that TaWRKY014, TaWRKY090 are found to participate in response of drought stress, whereas TaWRKY008, TaWRKY122, and WRKY45 are involved in response of heat and drought stress. These findings can be utilized in developing novel heat and drought-tolerant wheat cultivars using marker-assisted breeding and transgenic development.

Charge Optimization in Window Air Conditioner with Commercial LPG (Hydrocarbon Blend)

Saurabh Gupta,Srinivas Pendyala 대한설비공학회 2021 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.29 No.2

In this paper, the window air conditioner performance with commercial LPG as a replacement of HFC134a is assessed with modified capillary lengths for charge optimization. Global Warming Potential (GWP) of commercial LPG is only three, which is neglected compared to HFC134a (1300). Flammability issues will also be reduced in charge optimization and adopting safety standards. Initially, baseline tests are conducted with HFC134a and commercial LPG in the existing system, and optimum refrigerant charge is determined. The simulation study is conducted with modified capillary lengths for charge reduction of commercial LPG. Experimental assessment is conducted for the charge optimization as per IS 1349 (Part 1) for low ambient test conditions (Domestic Test-DT and Export Test A-ETA) and high ambient test conditions (Export Test B-ETB). With the optimized capillary length and optimum charge quantity, 0.4–2.03% higher cooling capacity, 0.62–8.9% lesser power consumption, and 10.49–16.4% higher COP are achieved with commercial LPG than that of HFC134a baseline at low and high ambient test conditions, respectively.

Experimental Investigations on Spray Characteristics of Potential Fuels for Advance Low Temperature Combustion Engines

( Saurabh Kumar Gupta ),( M. Murugesa Pandian ),( Anand Krishnasamy ) 한국액체미립화학회 2017 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.-

Advanced low temperature combustion (LTC) strategies including Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI), Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI), Stratified Charge Compression Ignition (SCCI) and High Efficiency Clean Combustion (HECC) are proposed to simultaneously reduce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emissions to near zero levels along with higher thermal efficiencies. However, precise control of ignition timings is difficult to achieve in these LTC strategies as it is primarily controlled by the molecular composition of fuel by altering physical and chemical delay period and creating reactivity stratification. Fuel spray characteristics plays a vital role in varying the rate of fuel-air mixing and physical delay period. The potential fuels for advanced LTC modes include fuels with optimal reactivity and better volatility. The effects of physical properties and its impact on spray behavior of potential fuels for LTC are sparsely available. The present work intends to study the effects of changes in properties and injection pressures on the macroscopic spray behavior of potential fuels for advanced LTC engines. The experiments are carried out in a constant volume spray chamber with different potential fuels for advanced combustion engines, viz. Diesel with 10%,20% and 30% gasoline (DG10, DG20 and DG30) and Diesel with 10%,20% and 30% kerosene (DK10, DK20 and DK30). The fuel injection pressures and the injection strategies have been chosen as representative of direct injection diesel engine working conditions. The spray characteristics such as spray tip penetration distance, spray cone angle are obtained by using a high resolution spray visualization system for the different fuel blends. The obtained results show that the changes in physical properties of the fuel blends affect the macroscopic fuel spray behavior. Further, as compared to that of conventional diesel, all the fuel blends show a significant difference in the macroscopic spray characteristics.

Extrapolation of significant genes and transcriptional regulatory networks involved in Zea mays in response in UV-B stress

Saurabh Gupta,Vikas Gupta,Vishal Singh,Pritish Kumar Varadwaj 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.9

A wide range of plant species growth influenced when they exposed to solar UV-B radiation. Leaves of the plant are highly affected by UV-B radiation lead to the reduction in the growth of the plant. Current work demonstrates the comparative transcriptional changes and visible symptoms occurred in the maize leaf growth zone (GZ). Primary objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responsible for leaf growth and their association in the transcriptional regulatory network under UV-B stress. Whole transcriptomic data was analysed and the quality check was tested for each sample and further genome-wide mapping and DEGs were performed. Gene Ontology (GO) based functional annotation, associated transcriptional networks and molecular pathways were annotated. Reduction in cell production due to UV-B stress causes a decrease in leaf’s length and size was observed. Further, the specific role of the DEGs, in UV-B signalling pathways and other molecular functions responsible for leaf cell death was discovered. Results also infer that the major changes occurred in the cell cycle, transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional modification, phytohormones, flavonoids biosynthesis, and chromatin remodeling. UV-B signalling pathways and the transcriptional regulatory networks infer the different molecular steps along with downstream transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of metabolic enzymes used in long-term memory adoption and attainment resistance to UV-B stress identified. Effects of UV-B radiation on leaf growth was noted in this study. UV-B stress response genes and associated transcriptional regulatory networks were identified, can be used in developing the marker assist UB-B stress tolerant genotypes of the maize.

Biosequestration, Transformation, and Volatilization of Mercury by Lysinibacillus fusiformis Isolated from Industrial Effluent

( Gupta Saurabh ),( Richa Goyal ),( Jashan Nirwan ),( Swaranjit Singh Cameotra ),( Nagaraja Tejoprakash ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.5

In the present study, an efficient mercury-tolerant bacterial strain (RS-5) was isolated from heavy-metalcontaminated industrial effluent. Under shake flask conditions, 97% of the supplemented mercuric chloride was sequestered by the biomass of RS-5 grown in a tryptone soy broth. The sequestered mercuric ions were transformed inside the bacterial cells, as an XRD analysis of the biomass confirmed the formation of mercurous chloride, which is only feasible following the reaction of the elemental mercury and the residual mercuric chloride present within the cells. Besides the sequestration and intracellular transformation, a significant fraction of the mercury (63%) was also volatilized. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of RS-5 revealed its phylogenetic relationship with the family Bacillaceae, and a 98% homology with Lysinibacillus fusiformis, a Gram-positive bacterium with swollen sporangia. This is the first observation of the sequestration and volatilization of mercuric ions by Lysinibacillus sp.

Study & Analysis of Role of Li-fi in Future

Sambhav Gupta,Sarthak Gupta,Shashank Pandey,Saurabh Ranjan,Satyam Goel,Saurabh Bhatia 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.2

In this hi-tech world, privacy is most important issue. Has anyone ever imagined why this problem arises? In the field of correspondence media or portable correspondence, web association is a spine of data and correspondence innovation which gives numerous administrations to client to these applications we need quick and headway of Internet integration innovation and vast range of channels[1]. Internet access speed or whether it is about downloading files, internet speed is big issue. Why not take a step further to resolve this problem? The answer to our problems is 'li-fi'. Have you ever wondered a city where internet access is wireless and without any interruption? Like other queries science has an answer to these questions also which is LIFI. LIFI is the new future. From sharing data to accessing it, can be done for laptops, smart phones, and tablets through transmitting light from LED bulb installed within the room. And for the security, if you can't see the light, you can't access the data[2].

Tracer Accumulation in Relation to Venous Thrombus on 18F-DOPA PET/CT in a Case of Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy

Saurabh Arora,Nishikant Avinash Damle,Averilicia Passah,Rajni Sharma,Harish Goyal,Shreedharan Thankarajan Arunraj,Priyanka Gupta,Manisha Jana 대한핵의학회 2019 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.53 No.2

18F-DOPA PET/CT is commonly done in patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) to look for any focal lesion in the pancreas.We present the findings in a 20-day-old neonate with PHHI who underwent 18F-DOPA PET/CT. The scan showed diffuse uptake in the pancreas with no focal lesion, physiologic excretion into the genito-urinary system, and interestingly tracer accumulation was seen in the inferior vena cava and ilio-femoral veins which is a non-physiological site for tracer accumulation. The uptake corresponded to a large venous thrombus which was confirmed by a venous Doppler.

Does Visitation Dictate Animal Welfare in Captivity? : A Case Study of Tigers and Leopards from National Zoological Park, New Delhi

Gupta, Avni,Vashisth, Saurabh,Sharma, Mahima,Hore, Upamanyu,Lee, Hang,Pandey, Puneet National Institute of Ecology 2022 Proceedings of NIE Vol.3 No.2

Zoological Parks house exclusive animal species, thus creating a source of education and awareness for visitors. Big cats like tigers and leopards are among the most visited species in zoos globally. However, they often display stressful or stereotypic behaviours. Such behaviours are influenced by multiple factors including visitors, animal history, and captive environment. To understand this impact, we investigated the behavioural response of tigers and leopards to visitation, captive, and biological factors. The behaviour of eight big cats housed in the National Zoological Park, New Delhi, was monitored using focal sampling technique during May and June 2019. We recorded the captive and biological factors and visitor density for the subjects. The study revealed high proportions of inactive and stereotypic behaviours amongst the species. Tigers and leopards were found to perform stereotypic behaviours for 22% and 28% of their time, respectively. Generalised Linear Models revealed a significant variation of stereotypy in association with the factors. Stereotypy was influenced by visitor density, age, sex, breeding history, coat colour, and enclosure design. Adults, males, white-coated, previously bred, and those housed in smaller and simple enclosures display more stereotypy than young, females, normal-coated, unbred, and those housed in larger and complex enclosures, respectively. A high density of visitors induced more stereotypic behaviours amongst the big cats. As providing entertainment and awareness amongst the public is one of the fundamental objectives of the zoo, visitors can not be avoided. Thus, we suggest providing appropriate enrichments that would reduce stereotypies and promote naturalistic behaviours.

Vascular Injuries during Cholecystectomy; Incidence, Management and Long Term Outcomes: A 20-year Tertiary Center Experience!!!

Saurabh Galodha,Anu Behari,Rajneesh K Singh,Ashok Kumar Gupta,V K Kapoor,Rajan Saxena 대한외과학회 2020 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2020 No.11