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제주도 주변해역에서 발생하는 해양사고의 유형과 원인에 관한 연구
안영화,최찬문,김동근 제주대학교 해양과환경연구소 2001 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.25 No.-
1.380 marine incidents occurred in the adjacent sea of Jeju Island, between 1990 - 1999, these were analysed using data from the National Maritime Police Agency. The occurrence rate of marine incidents is fishing vessels about 93%, which of form is the engine troubles 61.6% of the whole and these are human factors resulting from careless operation and poor engine maintenance, this accounted for the main pattern of incidents and great number of them occurred with fishing vessels per a year average are about 138, that if higher than the another seas. On research about marine security kind of work present condition of fish vessel crew in Juju Island is that each long line and books occupy 42% the whole license of crew is that small vessel driver 60%, six degree 35% and most of marine incidents in the fishing vessel cause frequently the engine troubles, propeller troubles lack of ability of repair and crews almost posses the small license
敎養課程으로서의 「人口와 未來」開設 및 運營에 관한 實驗硏究 : 梨花女子大學校를 中心으로
康宇哲,徐洸善,田贊和,金在恩,蘇興烈 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1979 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.33 No.-
This is a research report of the research that led to the opening of a population education course at Ewha Womans University. The research itself may be divided into the following four parts: planning for the research ; preparatory work for a population education course; opening of a population course; and evaluation of the population course. In the first stage of the research, the work, as usual, consisted of organizing the research team, setting up the research objectives, planning the research schedule, etc. The project began in the Fall of 1974, and concluded in the Fall of 1978. In the second stage of the research, the work was carried out for the preparation of a course in population education. Several sessions of faculty conference, in which more than 40 professors from various fields of specialization participated, were held in order to determine the specific objectives of the proposed course, to draw up a syllabus, and to prepare for a textbook for the course. When a rough sketch of the syllabus, and the contents of the course was made a student group was organized to examine and evaluate it. In the third stage of the research, a population education course titled "Population and Future" was opened as an elective course in the general education curriculum. This was in the Fall of 1875, and the course remained open every semester until now. An anthology with the same title as the course itself was used for reading, and the teaching was carried out as a team teaching by a team of 6-9 professors. In the fourth stage of the research, an evaluative study was taken up in order to evaluate the course with regard to its structure, textbook, teaching method, and its contents, as well as to assess the effectiveness of the course on terms of the students' change in their cognitive and emotive or attitudinal response to population problem.
Protective Effects of EGCG on UVB-Induced Damage in Living Skin Equivalents
Kim, So-Young,Kim, Dong-Seok,Kwon, Sun-Bang,Park, Eun-Sang,Huh, Chang-Hun,Youn, Sang-Woong,Kim, Suk-Wha,Park, Kyoung-Chan The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7
In this study, we evaluate the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on ultraviolet B(UVB)-irradiated living skin equivalents (LSEs). Histologically, UVB irradiation induced thinning of the LSE epidermis, whereas EGCG treatment led to thickening of the epidermis. Moreover, EGCG treatment protected LSEs against damage and breakdown caused by UVB exposure. Immunohistochemically, UVB-exposed LSEs expressed p53, Fas, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), all of which are associated with apoptosis. However, EGCG treatment reduced the levels of UVB-induced apoptotic markers in the LSEs. In order to determine the signaling pathways induced by UVB, Western blot analysis was performed for both c-Jun $NH_2$-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are associated with UVB-induced oxidative stress. UVB activated JNK in the epidermis and dermis of the LSEs, and EGCG treatment reduced the UVB-induced phosphorylation of JNK. In addition, p38 MAPK was also found to have increased in the UVB-exposed LSEs. Also, EGCG reduced levels of the phosphorylation of UVB-induced p38 MAPK. In conclusion, pretreatment with EGCG protects against UVB irradiation via the suppression of JNK and p38 MAPK activation. Our results suggest that EGCG may be useful in the prevention of UVB-induced human skin damage, and LSEs may constitute a potential substitute for animal and human studies.
Kim, Sang-Hoon,Jang, Young-Woo,Hwang, Patrick,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Han, Gi-Yeon,Kim, Chan-Wha Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bion 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.1
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease that is caused by injury to kidney glomeruli. Podocytes are glomerular epithelial cells and play critical roles in the glomerular filtration barrier. Recent studies have shown the importance of regulating the podocyte actin cytoskeleton in early DN. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, wortmannin, simultaneously regulates Rac1 and Cdc42, which destabilize the podocyte actin cytoskeleton during early DN. In this study, in order to evaluate the reno-protective effects of wortmannin in early DN by regulating Rac1 and Cdc42, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced proteinuric renal disease (SPRD) rats were treated with wortmannin. The albuminuria value of the SPRD group was $3.55{\pm}0.56$ mg/day, whereas wortmannin group was $1.77{\pm}0.48$ mg/day. Also, the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) value of the SPRD group was $53.08{\pm}10.82$ mg/g, whereas wortmannin group was $20.27{\pm}6.41$ mg/g. Changes in the expression level of nephrin, podocin and Rac1/Cdc42, which is related to actin cytoskeleton in podocytes, by wortmannin administration were confirmed by Western blotting. The exexpression levels of nephrin ($79.66{\pm}0.02$), podocin ($87.81{\pm}0.03$) and Rac1/Cdc42 ($86.12{\pm}0.02$) in the wortmannin group were higher than the expression levels of nephrin ($55.32{\pm}0.03$), podocin ($53.40{\pm}0.06$) and Rac1/Cdc42 ($54.05{\pm}0.04$) in the SPRD group. In addition, expression and localization of nephrin, podocin and desmin were confirmed by immunofluorescence. In summary, we found for the first time that wortmannin has a reno-protective effect on SPRD rats during the early DN. The beneficial effects of wortmannin in SPRD rats indicate that this compound could be used to delay the progression of the disease during the early DN stage.
KIM, Sae-Jin,KIM, Jin-Oh,SHIN, Chang-Hun,PARK, Hye Won,KIM, Chan-Wha Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2009 Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry Vol.73 No.1
<P>To develop a strategy for improved production of clavulanic acid (CA), we investigated the effect of using oils on cell growth and CA production during the fermentation of <I>Streptomyces clavuligerus</I> NRRL 3585. In this analysis, triolein, whose fatty acid is oleic acid only, was the best oil source for CA production, but free fatty acids generated from the hydrolysis of oils in a culture broth negatively impacted CA production and cell growth. Hence, we screened for mutants that were resistant to high concentrations of oleic acid. From this screen we identified a mutant <I>S. clavuligerus</I>, OL13, that had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to oleic acid of 2.1 g/l, much higher than that of <I>S. clavuligerus</I> NRRL 3585, at 0.4 g/l. Not only was cell growth improved, but maximum CA production, at 1,950 mg/l, was approximately 2.0-fold higher than that of the parent strain.</P>