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<i>Chd7</i> Is Critical for Early T-Cell Development and Thymus Organogenesis in Zebrafish
Liu, Zhi-Zhi,Wang, Zi-Long,Choi, Tae-Ik,Huang, Wen-Ting,Wang, Han-Tsing,Han, Ying-Ying,Zhu, Lou-Yin,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Choi, Jung-Hwa,Lee, Jin-Soo,Kim, Hyung-Goo,Zhao, Jian,Chen, Yue,Lu, Zhuo,Tian, Xiao-L Elsevier 2018 The American journal of pathology Vol.188 No.4
<P>Coloboma, heart defect, atresia choanae, retarded growth and development, genital hypoplasia, ear anomalies/deafness (CHARGE) syndrome is a congenital disorder affecting multiple organs and mainly caused by mutations in CHD7, a gene encoding a chromatin-remodeling protein. Immunodeficiency and reduced T cells have been noted in CHARGE syndrome. However, the mechanisms underlying T lymphopenia are largely unexplored. Herein, we observed dramatic decrease of T cells in both chd7knockdown and knockout zebrafish embryos. Unexpectedly, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and, particularly, lymphoid progenitor cells were increased peripherally in nonthymic areas in chd7-deficient embryos, unlikely to contribute to the T-cell decrease. Further analysis demonstrated that both the organogenesis and homing function of the thymus were seriously impaired. Chd7 might regulate thymus organogenesis through modulating the development of both neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme and pharyngeal endoderm-derived thymic epithelial cells. The expression of faxn1, a central regulator of thymic epithelium, was remarkably down-regulated in the pharyngeal region in chd7-deficient embryos. Moreover, the T-cell reduction in chd7-deficient embryos was partially rescued by overexpressingfoxnl, suggesting that restoring thymic epithelium may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating immunodeficiency in CHARGE syndrome. Collectively, the results indicated that chd7 was critical for thymic development and T-lymphopenia in CHARGE syndrome may be mainly attributed to the defects of thymic organogenesis. The current finding may benefit the diagnosis and therapy of T lymphopenia and immunodeficiency in CHARGE syndrome.</P>
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Naringin and Naringenin Relax Rat Tracheal Smooth by Regulating BKCa Activation
Rui Shi,Jia-Wen Xu,Zi-Ting Xiao,Ruo-Fei Chen,Yi-Lin Zhang,Jia-Bi Lin,Ke-Ling Cheng,Gu-Yi Wei,Pei-Bo Li,Wen-Liang Zhou,Wei-Wei Su 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9
Naringin and its aglycone, naringenin, occur naturally in our regular diet and traditional Chinese medicines. This study aimed to detect an effective therapeutic approach for cough variant asthma (CVA) through evaluating the relaxant effect of these two bioactive herbal monomers as antitussive and antiasthmatic on rat tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxant effect was determined by measuring muscular tension with a mechanical recording system in rat tracheal rings. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was measured using a confocal imaging system in primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells. In rat tracheal rings, addition of both naringin and naringenin could concentration dependently relax carbachol (CCh)-evoked tonic contraction. This epithelium-independent relaxation could be suppressed by BaCl2, tetraethylammonium, and iberiotoxin (IbTX), but not by glibenclamide. After stimulating primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells by CCh or high KCl, the intracellular Ca2+ increase could be inhibited by both naringin and naringenin, respectively. This reaction was also suppressed by IbTX. These results demonstrate that both naringin and naringenin can relax tracheal smooth muscle through opening big conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, which mediates plasma membrane hyperpolarization and reduces Ca2+ influx. Our data indicate a potentially effective therapeutic approach of naringin and naringenin for CVA.
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Shi, Ji-Ying,Xue, Fei,Ling, Le-Tao,Li, Xiao-Fei,Qin, Zi-Jian,Li, Ya-Jing,Yang, Ting The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.2
Under partial shading conditions (PSCs), multiple maximums may be exhibited on the P-U curve of string inverter photovoltaic (PV) systems. Under such conditions, heuristic methods are invalid for extracting a global maximum power point (GMPP); intelligent algorithms are time-consuming; and model-based methods are complex and costly. To overcome these shortcomings, a novel hybrid MPPT (MPF-IP&O) based on a model-based peak forecasting (MPF) method and an improved perturbation and observation (IP&O) method is proposed. The MPF considers the influence of temperature and does not require solar radiation measurements. In addition, it can forecast all of the peak values of the PV string without complex computation under PSCs, and it can determine the candidate GMPP after a comparison. Hence, the MPF narrows the searching range tremendously and accelerates the convergence to the GMPP. Additionally, the IP&O with a successive approximation strategy searches for the real GMPP in the neighborhood of the candidate one, which can significantly enhance the tracking efficiency. Finally, simulation and experiment results show that the proposed method has a higher tracking speed and accuracy than the perturbation and observation (P&O) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods under PSCs.
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Ji-Ying Shi,Fei Xue,Le-Tao Ling,Xiao-Fei Li,Zi-Jian Qin,Ya-Jing Li,Ting Yang 전력전자학회 2017 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.17 No.2
Under partial shading conditions (PSCs), multiple maximums may be exhibited on the P-U curve of string inverter photovoltaic (PV) systems. Under such conditions, heuristic methods are invalid for extracting a global maximum power point (GMPP); intelligent algorithms are time-consuming; and model-based methods are complex and costly. To overcome these shortcomings, a novel hybrid MPPT (MPF-IP&O) based on a model-based peak forecasting (MPF) method and an improved perturbation and observation (IP&O) method is proposed. The MPF considers the influence of temperature and does not require solar radiation measurements. In addition, it can forecast all of the peak values of the PV string without complex computation under PSCs, and it can determine the candidate GMPP after a comparison. Hence, the MPF narrows the searching range tremendously and accelerates the convergence to the GMPP. Additionally, the IP&O with a successive approximation strategy searches for the real GMPP in the neighborhood of the candidate one, which can significantly enhance the tracking efficiency. Finally, simulation and experiment results show that the proposed method has a higher tracking speed and accuracy than the perturbation and observation (P&O) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) methods under PSCs.
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