Recent advances and open challenges in percolation

Araú,jo, N.,Grassberger, P.,Kahng, B.,Schrenk, K. J.,Ziff, R. M. SPRINGER 2014 The European physical journal. ST, Special topics Vol.223 No.11

Delta subclass HD-Zip proteins and a B-3 AP2/ERF transcription factor interact with promoter elements required for expression of the Arabidopsis cytochrome c oxidase 5b-1 gene

Comelli, Raú,l N.,Welchen, Elina,Kim, Hye Jin,Hong, Jong Chan,Gonzalez, Daniel H. Springer-Verlag 2012 Plant molecular biology Vol.80 No.2

One-Step Extensions of Subnormal 2-Variable Weighted Shifts

Curto, Raú,l E.,Lee, Sang Hoon,Yoon, Jasang Springer-Verlag 2014 Integral equations and operator theory Vol.78 No.3

Hyponormality and subnormality of block Toeplitz operators

Curto, Raú,l E.,Hwang, In Sung,Lee, Woo Young Elsevier 2012 Advances in mathematics Vol.230 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this paper, we are concerned with hyponormality and subnormality of block Toeplitz operators acting on the vector-valued Hardy space H<SUP>Cn</SUP>2 of the unit circle.</P><P>First, we establish a tractable and explicit criterion on the hyponormality of block Toeplitz operators having bounded type symbols via the triangularization theorem for compressions of the shift operator.</P><P>Second, we consider the gap between hyponormality and subnormality for block Toeplitz operators. This is closely related to Halmos’s Problem 5: Is every subnormal Toeplitz operator either normal or analytic? We show that if Φ is a matrix-valued rational function whose co-analytic part has a coprime factorization then every hyponormal Toeplitz operator <SUB>TΦ</SUB> whose square is also hyponormal must be either normal or analytic.</P><P>Third, using the subnormal theory of block Toeplitz operators, we give an answer to the following “Toeplitz completion” problem: find the unspecified Toeplitz entries of the partial block Toeplitz matrix A≔[<SUP>U∗</SUP>??<SUP>U∗</SUP>] so that A becomes subnormal, where U is the unilateral shift on <SUP>H2</SUP>.</P>

Effective theories of single field inflation when heavy fields matter

Achú,carro, Ana,Gong, Jinn-Ouk,Hardeman, Sjoerd,Palma, Gonzalo A.,Patil, Subodh P. Springer-Verlag 2012 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2012 No.5

The Division Algorithm in Sextic Truncated Moment Problems

Curto, Raú,l E.,Yoo, Seonguk Birkha@user 2017 Integral equations and operator theory Vol.87 No.4

<P>For a degree 2n finite sequence of real numbers beta beta((2n)) = {beta(00,) beta 10, beta 01,..., beta 2n, 0, beta 2n-1,1,.., beta 1,2n-1, beta 0,2n}to have a representing measure mu, it is necessary for the associated moment matrix M(n) to be positive semidefinite, and for the algebraic variety associated to beta, nu beta nu(M(n)),, to satisfy rank M(n) <= card nu(beta) as well as the following consistency condition: if a polynomial p(x,y) equivalent to Sigma(ij) a(ij) x(4) y(i) of degree at most 2n vanishes on V beta, then the Riesz functional Lambda(p) equivalent to p(beta) := Sigma(ij) a(ij) beta(ij)=0. Positive semidefiniteness, recursiveness, and the variety condition of a moment matrix are necessary and sufficient conditions to solve the quadratic (n=1) and quartic (n=2) moment problems. Also, positive semidefiniteness, combined with consistency, is a sufficient condition in the case of extremal moment problems, i.e., when the rank of the moment matrix (denoted by r) and the cardinality of the associated algebraic variety (denoted by v) are equal. For extremal sextic moment problems, verifying consistency amounts to having good representation theorems for sextic polynomials in two variables vanishing on the algebraic variety of the moment sequence. We obtain such representation theorems using the Division Algorithm from algebraic geometry. As a consequence, we are able to complete the analysis of extremal sextic moment problems.</P>

Spanish, English, Minority languages & mass media

Raú;l Ávila 한국스페인어문학회 2005 스페인어문학 Vol.0 No.37

The mass media promote the standardization of the languages they use, because in this way they are able to make communication with their readers and audiences more efficient. The mass media have, in addition, gone beyond national frontiers. Spanish is no exception, since it is spoken in more than 20 countries and regions, including North America. In the U.S.A a large number of programs are produced in Spanish and many TV productions are dubbed for subsequent distribution in Latin America and Spain. However, in international programs the oral media -television and radio- introduce variants, especially regarding the phonological and lexical components of the language. The selection of these variants would seem to correspond to the demographic volume of the audiences and to their distribution in the different countries of the Spanish-speaking world. This panorama offers important contradictions in different areas. Internationally, Spanish competes with English; nationally, it would appear to impose itself on minority languages, especially in Spanish America. Finally, within the Spanish community there are also conflicts between the different variants that are heard in the mass media. This paper offers a discussion of these problems and suggest possible ways of taking decisions, especially regarding variants in the Spanish language on the international level.

Diaspora, A Way of Initiation

Marí,a Jesú,s De Prada Vicente 건국대학교 아시아·디아스포라 연구소 2015 International Journal of Diaspora&Cultural Critici Vol.5 No.1

Nowadays, the term “diaspora” is used for any ethnical dispersion forced or not. This tendency is due to recent Diaspora Studies, whose remote origin may be found in Jewish nationalism born in the late 19th century. But Jewish nationalism realized in the nation-state of Israel is opposite to the idea of diaspora. For diaspora is beyond nation, beyond nationalism. Following Armand Abécassis, a French philosopher, the true meaning of the term should be found in Genesis, especially in Abraham’s exile ordered by God. The story of God and Abraham shows that diaspora is not a physical movement but a spiritual one. It implies the discovery of one’s individual self and necessity to be in collectivity, sharing things and thoughts with others. Now, if diaspora means discovery of one’s individual self and sharing with others in collectivity, this may prove to be contradictory. Indeed, the apparent contradiction is included in diaspora. The Jew in diaspora proves to be and not to be simultaneously.

Human primordial germ cell commitment <i>in vitro</i> associates with a unique PRDM14 expression profile

Sugawa, Fumihiro,Araú,zo-Bravo, Marcos J,Yoon, Juyong,Kim, Kee-Pyo,Aramaki, Shinya,Wu, Guangming,Stehling, Martin,Psathaki, Olympia E,Hü,bner, Karin,Schö,ler, Hans R BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2015 The EMBO journal Vol.34 No.8

<P>Primordial germ cells (PGCs) develop only into sperm and oocytes <I>in vivo</I>. The molecular mechanisms underlying human PGC specification are poorly understood due to inaccessibility of cell materials and lack of <I>in vitro</I> models for tracking the earliest stages of germ cell development. Here, we describe a defined and stepwise differentiation system for inducing pre-migratory PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). In response to cytokines, PSCs differentiate first into a heterogeneous mesoderm-like cell population and then into PGCLCs, which exhibit minimal PRDM14 expression. PGC specification in humans is similar to the murine process, with the sequential activation of mesodermal and PGC genes, and the suppression of neural induction and of <I>de novo</I> DNA methylation, suggesting that human PGC formation is induced via epigenesis, the process of germ cell specification via inductive signals from surrounding somatic cells. This study demonstrates that PGC commitment in humans shares key features with that of the mouse, but also highlights key differences, including transcriptional regulation during the early stage of human PGC development (3–6 weeks). A more comprehensive understanding of human germ cell development may lead to methodology for successfully generating PSC-derived gametes for reproductive medicine.</P>

BACH: Grand challenge on breast cancer histology images

Aresta, Guilherme,Araú,jo, Teresa,Kwok, Scotty,Chennamsetty, Sai Saketh,Safwan, Mohammed,Alex, Varghese,Marami, Bahram,Prastawa, Marcel,Chan, Monica,Donovan, Michael,Fernandez, Gerardo,Zeineh, J Elsevier 2019 Medical image analysis Vol.56 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in women, affecting more than 10% of women worldwide. Microscopic analysis of a biopsy remains one of the most important methods to diagnose the type of breast cancer. This requires specialized analysis by pathologists, in a task that i) is highly time- and cost-consuming and ii) often leads to nonconsensual results. The relevance and potential of automatic classification algorithms using hematoxylin-eosin stained histopathological images has already been demonstrated, but the reported results are still sub-optimal for clinical use. With the goal of advancing the state-of-the-art in automatic classification, the Grand Challenge on BreAst Cancer Histology images (BACH) was organized in conjunction with the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR 2018). BACH aimed at the classification and localization of clinically relevant histopathological classes in microscopy and whole-slide images from a large annotated dataset, specifically compiled and made publicly available for the challenge. Following a positive response from the scientific community, a total of 64 submissions, out of 677 registrations, effectively entered the competition. The submitted algorithms improved the state-of-the-art in automatic classification of breast cancer with microscopy images to an accuracy of 87%. Convolutional neuronal networks were the most successful methodology in the BACH challenge. Detailed analysis of the collective results allowed the identification of remaining challenges in the field and recommendations for future developments. The BACH dataset remains publicly available as to promote further improvements to the field of automatic classification in digital pathology.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The BACH challenge was organized to push forward methods for automatic classification of breast cancer biopsies using clinical hematoxylin-eosin stained histopathological images. </LI> <LI> A large public dataset, composed of 400 microscopy images and 30 whole-slide images, was specifically compiled for the BACH challenge. </LI> <LI> A total of 64 methods were submitted, out of 677 registration, and a detailed comparative analysis was carried out for the methods with higher accuracy scores. </LI> <LI> Several submitted algorithms performed better than the state-of-the-art in terms of accuracy (top score of 87%). </LI> <LI> Convolutional neural networks dominated the submissions, and was the method of choice in the algorithm that won the challenge. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>