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Song Hong-Gyu,Kim Ok-Sun,Yoo Jae-Jun,Jeon Sun-Ok,Hong Sun-Hee,Lee Dong-Hun,Ahn Tae-Seok The Microbiological Society of Korea 2004 The journal of microbiology Vol.42 No.4
The soil bacterial community and some inoculated bacteria were monitored to assess the microbial responses to prescribed fire in their microcosm. An acridine orange direct count of the bacteria in the unburned control soil were maintained at a relatively stable level $(2.0\~2.7\times10^9\;cells/g^{-1}{\cdot}soil)$ during the 180 day study period. The number of bacteria in the surface soil was decreased by fire, but was restored after 3 months. Inoculation of some bacteria increased the number of inoculated bacteria several times and these elevated levels lasted several months. The ratios of eubacteria detected by a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method to direct bacterial count were in the range of $60\~80\%$ during the study period, with the exception of some lower values at the beginning, but there were no definite differences between the burned and unburned soils or the inoculated and uninoculated soils. In the unburned control soil, the ratios of $\alpha-,\beta-\;and\;\gamma-subgroups$ of the proteobacteria, Cytophaga-Flavobacterium and other eubacteria groups to that of the entire eubacteria were 13.7, 31.7, 17.1, 16.8 and $20.8\%,$ respectively, at time 0. The overall change on the patterns of the ratios of the 5 subgroups of eubacteria in the uninoculated burned and inoculated soils were similar to those of the unburned control soil, with the exception of some minor variations during the initial period. The proportions of each group of eubacteria became similar in the different microcosms after 6 months, which may indicate the recovery of the original soil microbial community structure after fire or the inoculation of some bacteria. The populations of Azotobacter vinelandii, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which had been inoculated to enhance the microbial activities, and monitored by FISH method, showed similar changes in the microcosms, and maintained high levels for several months.
( Min Kyoung Lee ),( Puneet Singh Chauhan ),( Woo Jong Yim ),( Gyeong Ja Lee ),( Young Sang Kim ),( Kee Woong Park ),( Tong Min Sa ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.54 No.2
In order to exploit Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 as of plant growth promoting agent, different inoculation methods have been evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate soil, foliar, and soil+foliar inoculations of M. oryzae CBMB20 to improve the growth, fruit yield, and nutrient uptake of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under greenhouse conditions. The population range of green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged M. oryzae CBMB20 using the three inoculation methods was 2.5-2.9 log10 cfu/g in the rhizosphere and 4.5-6.0 log10 cfu/g in the phyllosphere of red pepper plants. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results confirmed the colonization of M. oryzae CBMB20 endophytically on leaf surface. Plant height, fruit dry weight, and total biomass were significantly higher (p≤0.05) in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods as compared to noninoculated control. Furthermore, uptake of mineral nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in red pepper plants in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods was higher than in non-inoculated control. Comparative results of inoculation methods clearly demonstrated that soil+foliar inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 lead to the highest biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake which may be due to its efficient colonization in the red pepper rhizosphere and phyllosphere.
( Pei Pei Li ),( Dong Dong Zhang ),( Xiao Juan Wang ),( Xiao Fen Wang ),( Zong Jun Cui1 ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1
A cellulose-degrading composite microbial system containing a mixture of microbes was previously shown to demonstrate a high straw-degrading capacity. To estimate its potential utilization as an inoculant to accelerate straw biodegradation after returning straw to the field, two cellulose-degrading composite microbial systems named ADS3 and WSD5 were inoculated into wheat straw-amended soil in the laboratory. The microbial survival of the inoculant was confirmed by a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, whereas the enhancement of straw degradation in soil was assessed by measuring the mineralization of the soil organic matter and the soil cellulase activity. The results indicated that most of the DGGE bands from ADS3 were detected after inoculation into straw-amended autoclaved soil, yet only certain bands from ADS3 and WSD5 were detected after inoculation into straw-amended non-autoclaved soil during five weeks of incubation; some bands were detected during the first two weeks after inoculation, and then disappeared in later stages. Organic matter mineralization was significantly higher in the soil inoculants ADS3 and WSD5 than in the uninoculated controls during the first week, yet the enhanced degradation did not persist during the subsequent incubation. Similar to the increase in soil organic matter, the cellulase activity also increased during the first week in the ADS3 and WSD5 treatments, yet decreased during the remainder of the incubation period. Thus, it was concluded that, although the survival and performance of the two inoculants did not persist in the soil, a significant enhancement of degradation was present during the early stage of incubation.
배일상(Il-sang Bae),정권(Kweon Jung),전은미,김광진,이동훈(Dong-Hoon Lee) 유기성자원학회 2000 유기물자원화 Vol.8 No.4
음식물 퇴비화를 위한 토양미생물제 재의 퇴비화 효율을 평가하며 토양미생물제재의 미생물수와 퇴비화과정에서 식종의 효과를 조사하였다. 분석대상 음식물은 본 연구원 구내식당에서 수거한 후 물리화학적특성을 분석하였다. 대상시료는 Bulking Agent로서 톱밥을 사용하여 함수율을 65%로 조정 후 반응기 B에 10%의 토양미생물제를 식종하였다 토양미생물제제의 미생물은 호기성세균수가 2.98 x 1Q9!g이상, 방선균이 3.93 x lQ'!g이상, 효모가 1. 21X 1Q5jg, 균류가 5,79 x lQ' jg 이상이었다. 퇴비화 기간동안 최고온도는 Reactor A가 반응 10 일후에 응 개시후 바로 급격한 변화를 보였으며, 반응이 종료된 후 두 Reactor 공히 pH8.9를 나타내었다. Reactor B의 경우 최대옹도인 4 일후에 C02농도도 역시 최대인 10.8%를 나타냈으며, Reactor A 는 최대온도인 10 일후에 6.1%를 나타내었다. 한편 Reactor A는 rd(유기물질의 분해율)치가 0.35 에서 0.41로 17.1%상승하였으며, Reactor B의 경우 0.31에서 0.51로 64.5%상승하였다. This study was performed to evaluaκ efficiency of soil microbial inoculator for active composting of food waste. In addition, rhe number of microorganisms in soil microbial inocularor and the effect of seeding in the procεss of composting were invesrigared. Food wasre samples collected from a refecrory were analyzed for physical-chemical properties, The samples were adjusted to moisture content of 65% by saw dust and seeded with soil microbial inoculator of 10% by the weight in case of reactor B. The number of microorganisms, aerobic bacteria, actinomyces, yeasr, and fungi in soil microbial inoculator were over 2,98 x109/g, 3.93 x107/g, 1.21 x105/g, and 5.79 x 1Q7/g, respevely. During the process of composting, 야le highest temperatur were 63.40C at reactor A(unseeded control) after 10 days and 66.80C at reacror B(seeded compost) after 4 days. The pH values of reactor A and B rapidly increased after 3 days and after fìrst few days during composting period, respectively. The highest CO, concemrations were 6.1 % (after 10 days) and 10.8%(after 4 days) in reactor A and B, respeively. The degradation rates of organic matter(rd) between reactor A and B increased by 17.1 % and 64.5%, respectively. Consεquently, the effects of inoculation on compostÏng paneter such as temperature increasing, pH change, chemical properties, and the degradation rates of organic matter(rd) were higher in seeded compost than in unseeded control.
Han, I.,Lee, T.K.,Han, J.,Doan, T.V.,Kim, S.B.,Park, J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2012 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.227 No.-
High-throughput 16S rRNA gene-targeted pyrosequencing was used with commonly used risk assessment techniques to evaluate the potential microbial risk in soil after inoculating genetically modified (GM) Corynebacterium glutamicum. To verify the risk, reference experiments were conducted in parallel using well-defined and frequently used GM Escherichia coli and wild-type strains. The viable cell count showed that the number of GM bacteria in the soil was reduced to below the detection limit within 10 days, while the molecular indicator for GM plasmids was detected throughout the experiment by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions. Subsequent pyrosequencing showed an insignificant influence of the GM bacteria and/or their GM plasmids on the structure of the soil bacterial community this was similar to non-GM wild-type strains. However, pyrosequencing combined with kanamycin-resistant bacteria selection uncovered a potential risk of GM bacteria on the soil bacterial community and pathogens. The results of the improved methodology showed that the microbial risk attributable to GM C. glutamicum was relatively lower than that attributable to the reference GM E. coli.