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Development of EMS mutant populations in Capsicum annuum and identification of non-pungent mutants
Muhammad Irfan Siddique,Koeun Han,Doyeon Hwang,Hee-Jin Jeong,Arti Rai,Byoung-Cheorl Kang 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07
Plant breeding requires genetic diversity of useful traits for crop improvement. EMS-induced mutation is practiced to generate mutations at loci regulating economically important traits and/or to knock out the genes to elucidate their functions. The present study was aimed to induce mutations in a Korean local land race Capsicum annuum ‘Yuwol-cho’. This accession is pungent and also has advantage to mature early. A total of about 1,500 M2 families were screened and three non-pungent mutants were identified and crossed with wild type ‘Yuwol-cho’. After phenotyping of F2 population for pungency, MutMap approach will be used to identify the genes controlling the pungency in mutants. In addition to this, another C. annuum accession “Micro-Pep” was used to develop a mutant population. Micro-Pep is a small, pungent pepper generally used as ornamental purpose. Having compact growth habit, and small size, it has advantage to handle and utilize easily in mutation study and molecular research. On the basis of preliminary experiment 1.3% of mutagen was used for treatment of pepper seeds and 30% less germination percentage was observed in EMS treated seeds in comparison to control seeds. A total of 4,674 M1 plants are grown under greenhouse condition and M2 population will be studied for characterization of phenotypic variation including fruit color and pungency. Newly constructed mutant populations will be valuable assets for identification of functional genes and molecular breeding of pepper.
Siddique, Muhammad,Iqbal, Azmat,Rahman, Amin Ur,Azam, Sikander,Zada, Zeshan,Talat, Nazia Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.2
Thorium compounds have attracted immense scientific and technological attention with regard to both fundamental and practical implications, owing to unique chemical and physical properties like high melting point, high density and thermal conductivity. Hereby, we investigate the mechanical and thermodynamic stability and report on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of new silicon-doped cubic ternary thorium phosphides ThSi<sub>x</sub>P<sub>1-x</sub> (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1). The first-principles density functional theory procedure was adopted within full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. The exchange and correlation potential terms were treated within Generalized-Gradient-Approximation functional modified by Perdew-Burke-Ernzerrhof parameterizations. The proposed compounds showed mechanical and thermodynamic stable structure and hence can be synthesized experimentally. The calculated lattice parameters, bulk modulus, total energy, density of states, electronic band structure and spin magnetic moments of the compounds revealed considerable correlation to the Si substitution for P and the relative Si/P doping concentration. The electronic and magnetic properties of the doped compounds rendered them non-magnetic but metallic in nature. The main orbital contribution to the Fermi level arises from the hybridization of Th(6d+5f) and (Si+P)3p states. Reported results may have potential implications with regard to both fundamental point of view and technological prospects such as fuel materials for clean nuclear energy.
Design and Development of a Semi-Autonomous Stair Climbing Robotic Platform For Rough Terrains
Muhammad Umar Masood,Muhammad Ahsan Sami,Haris Sohail,Muhammad Mujtaba,Muhammad Abubakar Siddique,Hashir Akram,Nasir Rashid,Mohsin I. Tiwana,Javaid Iqbal 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
This paper presents the design of a stair climbing fixed flipper unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) for urban search and rescue purposes. Mobile flippers are being used in certain UGVs for enhanced mobility in rough terrains, however, the control algorithm of these platforms is complex. To add this enhanced mobility in the UGV and to reduce the intricacy of the control algorithm, anterior end of the tracks are lifted up which enables the UGV to pass over obstacles with relative ease. To prevent the rollover of UGV while moving on an inclined surface, an image processing algorithm was developed which halts the motion of UGV if the calculated slope exceeds the threshold value with a maximum error of about 8%. Furthermore, left and right track velocities along with the turn radius were also calculated.
Muhammad Irfan Siddique,Khin Pa Pa Wai,Hwang-Sung Mo,Hee-Ju Yoo,Kil-Su Jang,Su-Gyeong Jeon,Ji-Eun Hwang,Byung-Soo Kim 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.6
Over the last 25 years, a breeding line of pepper (Capsicum spp.) PVR Subi has been bred by the introduction of the Phytophthora capsici resistance found in pepper line PI201234 and the field resistance to viruses found in pepper accession KC00406 into a small-fruited, earlymaturing, and good-tasting land race, Subicho, in Yeongyang. In 2009, PVR Subi was crossed with a new version of Subi (New Subi) and an accession, KC01522, with mild and good dry fruit quality. This was done to meet growers’ demands for larger-fruited, open-pollinated local cultivars adapted to conditions in the Subi area of Yeongyang. Twenty-nine F5 and 37 F6 lines that developed from the two crosses were evaluated for resistance to P. capsici by pathogen inoculation at the seedling stage. Selected lines were grown to record horticultural characters in F5 and to analyze chemical quality components such as capsaicinoids, sugar and color in F6. Most of the breeding lines carried pathogen resistance comparable with the commercial resistant hybrid control cultivar, ‘Baerota’, and many lines were found to contain higher capsaicinoid and sugar levels, as well as ASTA color value, than the commercial control. All the breeding lines were identified as restorer-of-fertility lines with N(S)RfRf genotype, producing stable male fertile F1 plants in crosses with a cytoplasmic male sterile line (CMS). These breeding lines are promising as basic materials for selection of open-pollinated cultivars adapted to grow in Yeongyang, and as pollen parents for a hybrid seed production system using cytoplasmic male sterility.
Genome Editing of eIF4E1 in Chinese cabbage Confers Resistance to Turnip Mosaic Virus
Muhammad Irfan Siddique,Ye-Rin Lee,Hye-Eun Lee,Eun Su Lee,Koeun Han,Do-Sun Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
Many of the recessive virus-resistance genes in plants encode eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs), including eIF4E, eIF4G, and related proteins. Particularly, eIF4E and its isoform eIF(iso)4E are crucial for viral infection and act as recessive resistance genes against various potyviruses in a broad range of plants. In the present study, we used Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/ Cas9)-mediated directed mutagenesis to test whether novel sequence-specific mutations at eIF4E1 in Brassica rapa (Chinese cabbage) cv. ‘Seoul’ could confer enhanced resistance to potyviruses. This approach produced mutations in the transgene-free E1 generation. Sequence analysis of eIF4E1 from E0 transgenic plants expressing Cas9 and eIF4E-sgRNA transcripts identified chimeric mutations (insertions/deletions) ranging from 1 to 8 bp. Genotype analysis of the eIF4E1-edited lines in E0 and E1 transgenic Chinese cabbage plants showed that the mutations were transmitted to subsequent generation. When mutant lines were tested for resistance to potyviruses Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), they exhibited resistance against virus. Further, ELISA confirmation showed no accumulation of viral particles upon infection with (TuMV). The further analysis of mutation heritability in subsequent generations (E2) is going on. These results indicate that site-specific mutation of tomato eIF4E1 successfully conferred enhanced resistance to TuMV. Thus, this study demonstrates the feasibility of the use of CRISPR/Cas9 approach to accelerate breeding for trait improvement in Chinese cabbage plants.
Muhammad Ahmad,Muhammad Asim Mahmood,Ali Raza Siddique,Samina Ali Asghar 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2021 Asian Women Vol.37 No.1
This study investigates the representation of genders (female and male) in ESL materials taught to the students of Grades 9 and 10 in public and private schools in Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, a content analysis approach was applied to check for gender discrimination in the said materials using features like nouns, pronouns, tokens, titles, inclusion, and exclusion. The material was analyzed using AntConc 3.4.4.0. The results found that the materials represented the genders unequally and appeared to have been designed to maintain male dominance. These results lead to the conclusion that the said materials are gender biased, which may result in gender discrimination in the real world. The study therefore suggests that both genders should be represented equally.
Muhammad Siddique,Amin Ur Rahman,Azmat Iqbal,Sikander Azam 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.5
Besides promising implications as fertile nuclear materials, thorium carbonitrides are of great interestowing to their peculiar physical and chemical properties, such as high density, high melting point, goodthermal conductivity. This paper reports first-principles simulation results on the structural, electronicand magnetic properties of cubic thorium carbonitrides ThCxN(1-x) (X ¼ 0.03125, 0.0625, 0.09375, 0.125,0.15625) employing formalism of density-functional-theory. For the simulation of physical properties, weincorporated full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave (FPLAPW) method while the exchangecorrelationpotential terms in Kohn-Sham Equation (KSE) are treated within Generalized-Gradient-Approximation (GGA) in conjunction with Perdew-Bruke-Ernzerhof (PBE) correction. The structuralparameters were calculated by fitting total energy into the Murnaghan's equation of state. The latticeconstants, bulk moduli, total energy, electronic band structure and spin magnetic moments of thecompounds show dependence on the C/N concentration ratio. The electronic and magnetic propertieshave revealed non-magnetic but metallic character of the compounds. The main contribution to densityof states at the Fermi level stems from the comparable spectral intensity of Th (6dþ5f) and (CþN) 2pstates. In comparison with spin magnetic moments of ThSb and ThBi calculated earlier with LDAþUapproach, we observed an enhancement in the spin magnetic moments after carbon-doping into ThNmonopnictide.