중도입국 청소년 지원 프로그램의 효과성에 미치는 영향요인 분석: 서울시를 중심으로

김혜련,오준협,금재덕 한국공공관리학회 2022 한국공공관리학보 Vol.36 No.2

This research has been conducted to examine factors that impact the effectiveness of the program supporting for immigrant teem and aims at suggesting policy recommendations. In order to achieve the research purpose, a survey was conducted and 151 responses were collected. The results are as follows. First, the fullness of program contents has not significantly related with the program effectiveness. Second, the accessibility and the feedback level of program have partially related with the program effectiveness. Third, when the immigrant teen trust people who are in their everyday basis more, the effectiveness of some programs has rose as also. Fourth, if the immigrant teen think that his or her ability of Korean Language is high, they negatively recognise the effectiveness of some programs. Therefore, the program supporting for immigrant teen should be more systematically designed and executed. Also, the program has to provide them with more opportunity to participate and with the differentiated level of service according to their Korean Language ability for some programs. 본 연구는 중도입국 청소년 지원 프로그램의 효과성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고, 연구결과를 활용하여 프로그램의 효과성을 높이기 위해 필요한 정책개선안을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 중도입국 청소년 지원 프로그램 수혜자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 수집된 151개의 표본을 활용하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 프로그램의 양적・질적 충실성은 프로그램 효과성에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 프로그램 운영 특성, 접근성, 그리고 피드백은 부분적으로 프로그램 효과성에 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 중도입국 청소년들과 밀접한 관계에 있는 사람들에 대한 신뢰 수준이 높을수록 문화교류 서비스와 같은 프로그램 효과성을 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 중도입국 청소년이 본인의 한국어 능력 수준이 높다고 생각할수록 한국어교실과 문화교류서비스 등 일부 프로그램의 효과성에 대해 부정적으로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 볼 때, 중도입국 청소년을 대상으로 하는 프로그램의 효과성을 높이기 위해서는 각 유형의 프로그램들은 체계적으로 제공될 필요가 있고, 중도입국 청소년들에게 홍보활동 및 참여기회를 확대하는 등 접근성을 높일 필요가 있으며, 일부 프로그램의 경우 한국어 수준에 맞게 차별적으로 제공할 필요가 있다.

치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치가 치유프로그램 만족, 충성도, 주관적 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향 - 숲 치유프로그램 경험자를 대상으로 -

이진의,김남조 한국관광학회 2016 관광학연구 Vol.40 No.1

Recently, the interest in health has been increasing over the world, and accordingly wellness tourism is rapidly increasing due to health-seeking tourism activities. Also in Korea, health-seeking tourism activities are drastically increasing, and thereby the Korea Forest Service and local governments are implementing healing programs using forests. This study, targeting the increasing healing tourists, conducted an empirical analysis by adding satisfaction with life to the wellness value, satisfaction, and loyalty in a healing program. Study subjects were 311 participants from the Saneum Healing Forest program managed by the Korea Forest Service. As a result of the analysis, it turned out that the wellness value of healing programs has a higher effect on loyalty through healing program satisfaction than in a direct way. In addition, while wellness value of healing programs was found to have no significant effect on satisfaction with life, it turned out to have a significant effect through healing program satisfaction. These results show that wellness value of healing programs cannot directly influence satisfaction with life but influence it through healing program satisfaction, indicating that healing programs play a great role for healing tourists’ satisfaction with life. 최근 세계적으로 건강에 대한 관심이 높아지고, 건강추구형 관광활동으로 웰니스 관광이 크게 증가하고 있다. 국내에서도 건강추구형 관광활동이 급증하고, 이로 인하여 산림청 및 지방자치단체에서는 숲을 활용한 치유프로그램을 실시하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최근 국내에서 급증하고 있는 치유관광객을 대상으로 치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치, 만족, 충성도의 모델에 삶의 만족의 영향을 추가하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구대상은 산림청에서 운영하는 산음 치유의 숲 프로그램 참여자를 대상으로 실시하였으며, 총 311명의 표본을 본 연구에서 사용하였다. 연구결과, 치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치는 프로그램에 만족에 크게 영향을 미치고, 충성도에도 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치는 충성도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것보다는 치유프로그램만족을 매개로 미치는 영향이 더 크게 나타났다. 또한, 치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치는 삶의 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났으나 치유프로그램만족을 통해서 삶의 만족에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 치유프로그램의 웰니스적 가치가 직접적으로 삶의 만족에 영향을 미치지 못하고, 치유프로그램만족을 통해서 삶의 만족에 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 것으로 치유관광객의 삶의 만족을 위해 치유프로그램은 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사한다.

미국 독점금지법 준수를 위한 “반독점법 준수프로그램(Antitrust Compliance Program)”의 효용성과 그 내용에 대한 실무적 고찰

정홍식(Chung Hong-Sik) 중앙대학교 법학연구소 2006 法學論文集 Vol.30 No.2

It was a striking news that U.S. Department of Justice(“DOJ”) imposed criminal sanctions against the Korean firms, Samsung Electronics and Hynix Semiconductor, for the price fixing of DRAM occurred in outside of the United States. The criminal sanctions included imposition of the fines of $300million and $185million on the two firms respectively, substantial amount of fines on the firms" executives and employees, and the individuals" agreement of being imprisoned in U.S. jail for several months. Further, civil lawsuits are followed by customers and other competing U.S. companies against the two firms to recover their loss up to three times which the Antitrust law allows. Additionally, it was recently reported that Samsung Electronics and LG-Philips.LCD, which are globally leading companies supplying LCD panels worldwide, were placed in investigation by DOJ for alleged price fixing. It is anticipated that a nature of possible criminal sanctions against the two firms will be no less than what Samsung and Hynix received from DOJ. Accordingly, in light of severity of the criminal sanctions for violation of U.S. Antitrust laws, globally leading Korean companies should be fully aware of core of U.S. Antitrust laws and undertake appropriate steps to prevent similar violations in the future. This article is written to introduce the effectiveness of Antitrust Compliance Program (“ACP”) for observance of U.S. Antitrust laws. The principal objective of ACP in any company is to reduce the likelihood that antitrust violations will occur in the future. To achieve the objective of reducing antitrust violations, ACP must familiarize company managers and employees with the “red flags” of antitrust laws, that is, those recurring situations which present the gravest risk of antitrust violation. By learning to recognize the “red flags” situations, company managers will be better prepared to avoid the dangers they present. Another objective of ACP is to encourage the company managers and employees to question when in doubt. It is not the purpose or function of ACP to turn a company"s employees into half-baked antitrust law “experts.” The best ACP is one that provides company managers and employees a variety of opportunities to ask questions and encourage them to seek counseling about real situations they encounter in everyday business practice. Obviously, the principal benefit of ACP arises when the program actually works. A successful program prevents violations from ever occurring in the first place, and the organization and its officers are never faced with felony prosecution and conviction. The firm with a successful program does not have to worry about the burden, disruption, and costs of an antitrust investigation or litigation. Further, the firm also does not have to worry about treble-damage awards to private plaintiffs, treble antitrust or false claims damage awards to the government. While ACP benefits an organization most when it successfully prevents managers and employees from violating the antitrust laws, even a failed compliance program may create significant opportunities and benefits for the organization. Those opportunities and benefits flow from a compliance program"s early detection of a violation. With the adoption of the guidelines for the sentencing organizations found in Chapter Eight of the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, effective November 1, 1991, compliance programs now play a more important role than ever-not only in prevention and sentence mitigation, but also in providing the organization with the opportunity for obtaining favorable treatment from the government. As a complete pass from prosecution, the Amnesty Program(also known as Corporate Leniency Policy) offered by DOJ should be considered. If a compliance program fails to prevent a violation, but enables the organization to detect the viola

소셜 빅데이터를 활용한 참여형 스포츠프로그램 인식 분석 : 코로나19 확산 이전과 이후의 소비자 인식변화를 중심으로

이희지(Lee, Hee Ji),김지훈(Kim, Ji Hoon),이준성(Lee, Joon Sung) 한국스포츠산업경영학회 2022 한국스포츠산업경영학회지 Vol.27 No.3

본 연구는 소셜 빅데이터를 통해 참여형 스포츠프로그램에 대한 대중들의 인식을 파악하고 정책수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2018년 04월 01일부터 2022년 03월 31일까지 총 4년을 연구대상 기간으로 선정하였으며 ‘스포츠프로그램’을 키워드로 사용하여 네이버(Naver)와 다음(Daum)의 수집채널을 통해 빅데이터 자료를 수집하였다. 본 연구에서는 소셜 매트릭스 프로그램인 Textom과 Ucinet6.0을 활용하여 텍스트마이닝, TF-IDF, 감성분석, 연결중심성, 의미연결망분석, CONCOR 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 스포츠프로그램에 관련한 단어들 중 유사성을 가진 군집(스포츠복지 프로그램, 스포츠체험 프로그램, 생애주기별 맞춤형 스포츠프로그램, 학교스포츠 프로그램, 대상 맞춤형 스포츠프로그램, 실버스포츠 프로그램, 장애인스포츠 프로그램, 뉴스포츠 프로그램)을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 참여형 스포츠프로그램에 대한 국민들의 인식과 반응을 파악할 수 있었으며 스포츠프로그램 정책과 관련한 시사점 및 제언을 제시하였다. The current study aims to identify the public awareness of participatory sport programs and to provide preliminary data for the policy development by analyzing social big data. For the big data analysis, Naver and Daum were selected as data collection channels while employing ‘sport programs’ as a keyword. Moreover, the data collection period was from April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2022, a total of four years. Text mining, TF-IDF, emotional analysis, connection degree centrality, semantic network analysis, and CONCOR analysis were conducted using social matrix programs TEXTOM and Ucinet6.0. As a result of the analysis, clusters having similarities among words related to sport programs (sport welfare program, sport experience program, sport program customized by life cycle, school sport program, sport program customized by target, silver sport program, sport for the disabled program, and new sport program) were identified. Results showed perceptions and responses of the general public to sport programs, and these results provide several implications regarding future policy development for sport programs.

관리회계 관점에서 본 프로그램 예산의 핵심 이슈 및 정부의 과제

신홍철(Hong-Chul Shin),최웅용(Ung-Yong Choi),김완희(Wan-Hee Kim) 한국관리회계학회 2004 관리회계연구 Vol.4 No.2

한국정부는 2004년 하반기에 50여년만의 가장 획기적인 재정(즉, 예산ㆍ회계)개혁이라고 할 프로그램 예산을 도입하기 위한 첫걸음을 내디뎠다. 예산편성 단계는 물론 사후분석과정에서 원가(특히 프로그램 원가)정보의 활용 경험이 실질적으로 전무한 한국정부의 현실적인 선결과제는 프로그램 예산제도 정착의 핵심인 원가시스템의 구축이라 할 수 있다. 성공적 정착 이후에도 당초 기대한 효과를 발휘하기 위해서는 초기의 원가시스템이 관리회계시스템으로 확대ㆍ운영되어야 한다. 이러한 바람직한 변화 추이에 대한 예상을 토대로 본 연구는 정부재정혁신의 핵심과제인 프로그램예산제도의 도입에 따른 원가ㆍ관리회계 이슈를 도출하고 이에 대한 한국 정부의 바람직한 정책대안을 제시한다. 이 과정에서 관리회계 전공 교수나 실무자들로 하여금 정부예산 및 회계와 관련된 관리회계 이슈에 대한 관심을 높여 관련 연구 영역의 확대를 도모하고 새로이 도입될 프로그램 예산제도가 성공적으로 정착하는데 일조할 수 있는 기회를 강조하고자 한다. 아울러 새로운 예산제도의 성공적 정착을 위한 추가적 고려사항을 제시한다. Korean government is now in the process of introducing new budgeting system (so-called program budget) in order to improve and up-grade current line-item budget system. It is well known that for the successful implementation of new program budget, following two critical success factors should be properly taken into account in the design of new system. One is the organization structure of program(and activities or tasks associated with program itself, if relevant) and the other is the calculation of costs of programs (and/or activities). Also Korean government is now establishing new (central and local) governmental accounting standards based on accrual accounting and double-entry booking system, both of which are assumed (theoretically) to playa critical role as a key infrastructure of program budgeting and related financial reporting reform. Ultimate goal of program budget is to improve the efficiency of government use of limited resources. In this sense, program budget is scheduled to move to the performance budget which can be linked to the strategic performance management. Decentralization of decision making authority as well as accurate and reliable measurement of the performance of organizational unit is prerequisites for successful implementation of performance management system. Currently, performance management is emphasized and pursued by different Korean government such as OMB, GAO and Ministry of Internal Coordination. Considering that, until now, Korean government had neither experiences in adopting program budget (or its equivalent) nor basic knowledge of costing techniques(e.g., ABC) and cost concepts(e.g., direct/indirect cost, full cost etc.), it is imperative for the government to construct an adequate program-based costing system. Cost accounting will play an important role in providing various users(such as parliament. budget analyst etc.) with information they need in terms of full and relevant costs of programs and activities so that managers use available resources in the most efficient and effective manner. As mentioned in the above, there are many ways management accounting professors can contribute to the successful implementation of program budget and related (managerial as well as financial) accounting reform which are now being pursued in the name of accrual accounting and double entry booking. To name a few of these candidates. ABC/ABM for the cost assignment, responsibility accounting system for decentralization, development and use of non-financial measures in the name of BSC for strategic performance management and relevant cost analysis for different purposes (such as pricing. cost control etc.) can be listed as possible areas that need to draw the attention of management accounting professors. It should be recognized that budget systems are not created and established overnight, but have to be evolved gradually through distinct stages. In this regards, not only the support from all layers in organization (including top management's commitment) but also relevant education and training are required so that probable resistance from civil officers against new management systems to be minimized. Introduction of new program budget, as a budget reform, is never an easy transformation program. Instead, it may be time-consuming and risky project to succeed without unlimited support from a variety of departments and related stakeholders.

국내 우수학생 지원프로그램 사례연구

이연주(Lee, Yeonjoo),윤유진(Yoon, Eugene) 한국문화융합학회 2017 문화와 융합 Vol.39 No.5

The purpose of this study is to present cases of ‘Honors Program at University’ as a program for the distinguished students. The Honors Program is a caring community of talented students providing support to aspiring scholars. Students are encouraged to participate in Honors curriculum and non-curriculum programs. Students can achieve their full academic potential by completing the coursework of university honors programs and satisfy their intellectual curiosity by engaging in research programs or creative endeavors inside and outside the classroom. To investigate the factors to influence developing the ‘Honors Program at University’, the cases of 6 universities were used. The research methods of this study are document examination the programs of 6 universities, researches of preceding studies about ‘Honors Program at University’, and interviews with managers of the programs. As a result, a special agency for the program is highly recommended. It should accomplished unique purpose different from other organizations in the campus. Moreover it is essential to established web-management system to control the programs, such as curriculums, non-curriculums, faculty members and consultation system. Most of all, it is important to lead students’ active involvement with less obstacles and quite a few motivation. 본 논문의 목적은 국내 우수학생프로그램의 사례를 분석하여 우수학생프로그램을 개발하고자 할 때 고려해야 할 사항을 점검하고, 모델개발 시 해결과제를 제시하여 참고가 되고자 한다. 국내 6개 대학에서 개분석결과, 국내대학의 우수학생프로그램은 전담기구의 설치가 절실한 상황이며, 대학 내 다른 지원사업과 우수학생프로그램이 차별화 될 수 있는 모델로서 개발되어야 한다. 또한 교과와 비교과, 멘토교수, 상담지원체제 등을 통합 ․ 관리할 웹관리 시스템이 개발 될 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 우수학생프로그램을 설계할 때 우수학생이 계속적인 참여와 인증과정을 지속하도록 불필요한 장애요인은 최소화하여야 한다. 운영책임자에게는 우수학생이 인증을 마칠 때까지 계속적으로 동기 부여할 수 있는 과정관리의 개입이 요구된다. 설 운영 중인 우수학생프로그램을 연구대상으로 하였다. 연구 방법은 국내외 우수학생프로그램에 대한 선행연구와 국내 6개 대학의 우수학생프로그램을 조사하였으며, 미국우수학생프로그램연합회의 우수학생프로그램 운영지침을 기반으로 하여 운영담당자와 인터뷰하여 분석하였다.

다문화 아동을 위한 멘토링 프로그램 설계와 운영에 관한 연구

박선옥(Sun-ok, Park) 중앙대학교 문화콘텐츠기술연구원 2013 다문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.0 No.14

이 연구는 서울시에 거주하는 다문화 가정 아동(멘티)과 대학생(멘토)을 대상으로 실시한 멘토링 프로그램을 바탕으로 다문화 가정아동을 위한 멘토링 프로그램을 체계적으로 설계하고 효율적으로 운영하는 방안을 제시하는 데 목적을 둔다. 실제 프로그램을 기획하고 운영하면서 얻은 경험과 노하우를 자세히 제시하고자 하였다. 프로그램은 준비 단계, 실시 단계, 마무리 단계로 나눌 수 있다. 준비 단계는 다문화 아동에 대한 기초 조사, 멘토링 프로그램 내용 상세화, 홍보, 학생 모집과 선발, 전문가 자문으로 구성된다. 프로그램 실시 단계에서는 결연식, 일 대 일 방문 학습 지원 활동, 공동체 야외 체험 학습 활동, 멘토 교육, 멘티 교육, 멘티 부모 교육, 멘토활동 점검 및 상담, 간담회, 해단식을 한다. 마무리 단계에서는 멘토의 평가회, 멘티와 부모의 평가회, 프로그램 운영진의 평가회, 향후 계획 수립 및 결과 보고서 작성을 한다. 각 세부 단계별 운영 방안을 자세히 제시하였다. 이 연구는 멘토링 프로그램을 계획하는 기관과 단체가 실질적으로 참고할 수 있는 자료를 제공한다는 데 의의가 있다. 그리고 본 연구에서 제안하는 운영안에 따라 프로그램을 운영한다면 멘토와 멘티가 체계적인 관리를 받게 될 것이며, 효율적이며, 유의미한 활동결과를 얻게 될 것이다. The purpose of this study is to plan a mentor program for multicultural children and to provide a plan for the efficient management of such a program. This study is based on the results of an actual mentor program. The mentor program was for multicultural children in Seongbuk-gu who were assisted by Hansung University students. As the manager of the program, I used my know-how and experience to manage the mentor system. Based on this experience, I made a guide for the mentor program. The program can be divided into three phase: preparation, implementation, and completion. In the preparation phase, the multicultural children were surveyed, the plan of the program was shaped, and the program was advertized. In essence, this involved advertizing for multicultural children, recruiting university students to help with the program, and seeking guidance from a specialist. The implementation phase consisted of the following: orientation; 1-on-1 study; formulating an extracurricular program; educating mentors, mentees, and the parents of mentees; checking the mentor program; consulting and meeting with mentors; and having a final meeting. In the completion phase, the following was accomplished: mentors, mentees, and their parents evaluated the program; a plan was put forward; and a report with the results was issued. The study explains the three phases in detail. This study is important because it can be used for planning and managing a mentor program. Also, if the guide is followed, mentors and mentees both can be educated systematically. Furthermore, the program will be efficient and useful.

유아교사를 위한 자기성장프로그램 적용효과

최대훈 ( Choi Dea Hun ) (사)아시아문화학술원 2018 인문사회 21 Vol.9 No.1

유아교사의 자기성장 프로그램의 적용효과를 알아보기 위하여 예비검사 및 예비실험, 사전협의 및 사전검사, 프로그램적용, 사후검사 순으로 프로그램 적용 절차를 거쳤다. 연구대상은 전라북도 I시에 근무하고 있는 유아교사 40명(실험집단 20명, 비교집단 20명)이며 10주간 총 10회기의 프로그램을 적용하였다. 프로그램의 적용 효과를 알아보기 위해 프로그램 적용 사전과 사후에 자아존중감, 조직유효성에 대한 검사를 실시하였다. 사전검사 결과, 두 집단 간 사전검사의 평균의 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않은 동질집단임을 확인하였다. 따라서 프로그램 실시의 효과를 검증하기 위해 실험집단과 비교집단의 사후점수에 대하여 평균과 표준편차를 산출하고, 독립표본 t 검증을 통해 집단 간의 차이를 검증하였다. 이상의 과정을 통해 얻어진 프로그램의 적용효과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아교사의 자기성장 프로그램은 유아교사의 자아존중감 증진에 통계적으로 유의미한 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 유아교사의 자기성장 프로그램은 유아교사의 조직유효성에 통계적으로 유의미한 효과가 있었다. In order to examine the effect of application of self-growth program for earlychildhood teachers, this study carried out such program applying procedures as preliminary test, preliminary experiment, prior consultation and pre-test, program application and post-test. Study subjects were 40 early-childhood teachers (an experiment group, n=20; a control group, n=20) who were working in I City, Jeollabuk-do, and they carried out the program in 10 sessions during 10 weeks. In order to look into the effect of application of the program, the tests of self-esteem, and organizational effectiveness were carried out before and after applying the program. Pre-test showed that both groups were homogeneous since their average difference was not statistically significant. Therefore, in order to examine the effect of application of the program, mean and standard deviation were calculated based on the scores of post-test of both groups and the difference between groups was looked into via independent sample t-test. The effects of application of the program are as follows: First, the self-growth program for early-childhood teachers presented statistically significant effect on the increase of early-childhood teacher’s self-esteem. Second, the self-growth program for early-childhood teachers presented statistically significant effect on the increase of early-childhood teacher’s organizational effectiveness.

프로그램 예산제도에 대한 평가

최순영(Choi, Soonyoung) 서울행정학회 2016 한국사회와 행정연구 Vol.27 No.1

프로그램 예산제도는 품목별 예산이 가지는 단점을 극복하기 위해 도입되었다. 본 연구는 프로그램 예산제도가 과연 의도한 효과를 달성하고 있는지 평가하기 위하여 평가모형을 설정하고, 이에 입각하여 설문문항을 설계하였으며, 행정부 및 입법부의 담당자에 대한 설문조사 결과를 토대로 프로그램 예산제도에 대한 평가를 시도하였다. 효과성 등 전반적인 평가에 관하여 리커트 5점 척도로 평가한 결과, 프로그램 예산제도에 대한 만족도는 행정부 평균 3.20, 입법부 평균 2.82를 보여주고 있다. 효과성, 제도 및 관행, 운영 측면에 관한 주요 설문항목의 분석결과를 보면, 대부분의 조사항목에 대해 대체로 행정부가 입법부 보다 긍정적으로 평가하고 있다. 입법부가 행정부보다 낮은 평가를 보여주고 있는 것은 프로그램 예산이 구현되어 있는 디지털예산 회계시스템에 대한 활용도가 상대적으로 낮고, 프로그램 예산제도에 대한 이해가 낮기 때문으로 추정된다. 한편 예산과정은 본질적으로 정치적이며, 입법가들은 그들의 예산재량을 “합리적인” 성과기반 예산에 양도하기를 싫어하며, 성과정보 생산에 참여하지 않았고, 성과정보를 신뢰하지 않는 것도 입법부의 낮은 평가에 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 추정된다. 입법부 담당자들에 대하여는 특히 프로그램 예산제도의 도입목적과 취지, 예산배분에서 성과정보의 활용 등에 관한 교육훈련을 실시할 필요가 있을 것이다. 한편, 프로그램의 성과평가결과와 프로그램 예산의 연계가 잘 이루어지고 있다고 생각하는지와 프로그램 예산제도의 도입 이후 프로그램 단위의 재정자율성이 부여되고 있는지 여부에 대하여 행정부와 입법부가 모두 부정적인 평가를 내리고 있으므로 향후 프로그램 예산제도의 개선을 위해서는 프로그램 성과평가 결과와 프로그램 예산의 연계 강화, 프로그램 단위의 재정자율성 강화에 보다 초점을 둘 필요가 있을 것이다. This study evaluates the program budgeting system adopted by the Rho Moo-Hyun government in Korea in 2007. The authors explored the backgrounds and objectives of introducing the program budgeting system through literature review, interviews with public officials in charge of program budgeting system in the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, and Expert Seminars. The evaluation model consists of three dimensions of effectiveness, system and practice, and operation. This study carries out analyses of the survey results of two groups: ① public employees who are in charge of program budgeting and performance management in the administrative branch,② public employees who are in charge of budget deliberation in the legislative branch. This study attempts to evaluate the program budgeting system by the evaluation model, based on the perception of the public employees in charge of program budgeting, performance management, budget deliberation in the administrative and legislative branches. The satisfaction of the program budgeting is higher in the administrative branch than the legislative branch. The results show that the respondents of the administrative branch feel more positive than ones of the legislative branch in most question items related to the dimension of the effectiveness, system and practice, and operation. 47% of the public employees in the legislative branch have experience contacting the website of dBrain while 84% of public employees in the administrative branch have the experience contacting that. On the other hand, budgeting is inherently political process, and legislators are reluctant to cede their budgetary discretion to a “rational” performance-based budgeting system. In addition, legislators are not likely to use performance measures because they distrust performance data prepared by the executive branch and are not involved in creating the measures. The author think these are some of the reasons why the legislative branch is in particular negative about the Program Budgeting System. Respondents of both of the branches are a little negative about the questions of whether program based financial autonomy is secured in the operation of program budgeting system and whether the program budgeting reflects the performance results of the programs.

TA집단상담프로그램이 전문계고등학생들의 자아존중감과 의사소통 방식에 미치는 영향

김영임 ( Yeong Im Kim ),이윤주 한국동서정신과학회 2008 동서정신과학 Vol.11 No.1

The aim of this thesis is to develop the TA group counseling program which can enhance the self-esteem of the students in specialized high schools and help them to gain effective communication skills by improving their ways of aggressive communication styles and then to verify its effects. To verify the effects of the TA program I set up hypotheses as follows. First, the experience of the TA group counseling program will have positive effects on the self-esteem of the students in specialized high schools. Second, the experience of the TA group counseling program will have positive effects on the ways in which the students in specialized high schools communicate. To verify the hypotheses of this study I carried out self-esteem and communication skill tests. The subjects were the 24 students from the ○○ specialized high school in Uljugun, Ulsan City, who had low self-esteem and communication skills and volunteered to participate in this program. I divided them into two random groups of 12; one is an experimental group and the other a controlling group. As a self-esteem test tool for the pre-test I used the method developed by Rosenberg(1965) and translated by Jeon Byungje(1974). As a communication skill test tool I used PCI, the method developed to test communication skills of couples by Navran(1996) and translated by Mo Euihoi(2001), and modified in keeping with the high school students. In the case of the TA Program given to the experimental group, after having checked over and analysed various literatures and papers related to the TA program, based on the TA program for youth well-being in Chapter 3 of the book [Psychology of Teenagers and TA Program] co-authored by Je Seokbong. Seok Changhoon (2006), I constructed and developed my own TA program for my subjects. It has been modified and complemented through three consultations with a TA expert, a counseling expert and two educators. I, finally, constructed this program into a total of 8 modules of 120 minutes. Soon after having finished the program I conducted a post-test on both groups with the same self-esteem test tool and communication skill one as the pre-test. I analysed the effects per subscale by conducting ANCOVA, which controls each pre-test score as independent variables and makes post-test scores dependent variables. To complement the limits of the quantitative analysis I analysed the contents of each module Session Evaluation Questionnaire, which lets us know the psychological experiences and changes of individual participants. The results are as follows, First, the pre-test scores related to the self-esteem tests between the experimental group and the controlled group showed meaningful differences(F=23.64, p<.001) but when the differences were controlled the scores between both groups showed meaningful differences(F(1,21)=33.80, p<.001). The results of TA program showed that the post-test scores relating to the self esteem of the experimental group(M=27.42) were higher than those of the controlled group(M=22.33). This shows that the TA program has positive effects on improving the self esteem of the specialized school students. Therefore the first hypothesis that the experience of the TA program will have positive effects on self-esteem of the specialized high school students was supported. Secondly, the pre-test scores related to the communication skills between the experimental group and the controlled group showed meaningful differences(F=7.84, p<.01) but when the difference was controlled the scores between both groups showed meaningful differences(F(1,21)=33.41, p<.001). The post-test score of the experimental group(M=80.67) was higher than that of the controlled group(M=62.92). Therefore, the second hypothesis that the TA program will have positive effects on improving communication skills was supported. To verify the validity of the TA program applied in this study and to complement the limits of quantitative analysis I analysed each SEQ on 4 levels; smoothness, depth, positive-emotion and awareness-emotion. The result is that the score of the 8th module including the whole TA program was the highest out of all of 4 levels. This supports the result that the TA program had positive effects on the self-esteem and communication skills of the students. In the case of contents the score got higher in the order of stroking, ego-state analysis and transactional process. This supports the prior research insisting on the improvement of students` self-esteem through the stroke counseling method of TA. This also matches the prior research that the TA program helps students understand their own and others` personalities and has effects on self-perception and personality improvement. The results of this study show that the TA program has educational availabilities because it had positive effects on the self-esteem and communication skills of the specialized high school students. The TA program met with good results for the students with lower self-esteem and communication skills among the specialized high school students. Therefore, this study has very high values in that it provided empirical data that the TA program is the proven program best suited to help the students adapt to school. I`d like to give some tips for utilizing the results from this study and for succeeding research. First, the TA program might be useful for everyone who wants mental growth and development as well as for students with difficulties. Secondly, it is very useful and important to adjust and arrange time during the TA program. Thirdly, the efficient and suitable methods for students need to be researched in the transactional processing modules. Finally, the program leaders should meet the following qualifications; They should complete an introductory TA course, be open-minded, manage activity-based programs, use various techniques suitable for each situation and in particular lead the program suitably for cognitive levels and for the progress of the students.