토마토 온실에서 담배가루이 성충에 대한 노란색 및 백색 트랩의 방제효과

이중섭(Jung-Sup Lee),이재한(Jae-Han Lee),박경섭(Kyung-Seob Park),여경환(Kyung-Hwan Yeo),김진현(Jin-Hyun Kim),권준국(Jun-Kuk Kweon) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2017 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.26 No.4

토마토 작물에 발생하는 B. tabaci에 대한 예찰을 위해 시설재배지뿐만 아니라 노지 재배에서도 노란색 점착 카드트랩이 주로 사용되고 있다. 그러나, 예찰트랩의 색상과 굴절되는 빛의 강도 및 환경 변화에 따라 B. tabaci 유인력은 차이를 나타내고 있다. 따라서, 온실에 발생하는 B. tabaci 성충에 대한 light 트랩의 시설 재배지내의 이용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 white light (450-625nm) 및 yellow light (590nm) 트랩과 광원이 장착되지 않은 트랩을 이용하여 유인 활성을 비교하였다. 본 시험결과 광원별 B. tabaci 포획밀도는 yellow light 트랩(525 nm)에서 168±7.6(마리/트랩)로 가장 높은 유인활성을 나타내었으며, white light 트랩에서는 106±4.6(마리/트랩)으로 다소 낮은 개체수가 포획되었다. 그러나 대조구로 사용된 광원이 설치되지 않은 트랩의 경우 광원이 설치된 트랩보다 적은 60±4.8(마리/트랩)의 개체수가 포획되었다. 따라서, yellow light trap과 white light 트랩에서 높은 B. tabaci 성충의 유인력을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 yellow light 및 white light 트랩이 토마토 시설 재배지에서의 B. tabaci 성충에 대한 친환경적 해충 방제법의 일환으로 적용 될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. Yellow sticky traps have been commonly used for monitoring tobacco whitefly populations in openfields, as well as in greenhouses. However, the attractiveness depends on various factors such as the reflected intensity (brightness) and hues of yellow color (wavelength) of the trap surface, which is often influenced by environmental conditions and may sometimes affect tobacco whitefly capture. Therefore, the use of light-emitting traps can be a significant complementary tool to strengthen the attractiveness and selectivity of these traps. This research was carried out in tomato greenhouses to evaluate the light-emitting trap as potential attractants for Bemisia tabaci adults. The results showed that B. tabaci adults on average preferred (p>0.05) traps in yellow lights (590 nm) (168 ± 7.6 adults/trap) compared to traps in white lights (106 ± 4.6 adults/trap) and traps without lights (60 ± 4.8 adults/trap). The yellow light trap(590 nm) showed the most attractive to B. tabaci adults, followed by a little lower attraction to the white light trap(450-625 nm), whereas the control (no light trap) was little attractive to B. tabaci adults. These results suggested that yellow and white light traps could have a promising use in greenhouses for the identification, monitoring, and pest control tools of tobacco whiteflies.

Device design rules and operation principles of high-power perovskite solar cells for indoor applications

Ann, Myung Hyun,Kim, Jincheol,Kim, Moonyong,Alosaimi, Ghaida,Kim, Dohyung,Ha, Na Young,Seidel, Jan,Park, Nochang,Yun, Jae Sung,Kim, Jong H. Elsevier 2020 Nano energy Vol.68 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, we report on the design principles of high-power perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for low-intensity indoor light applications, with a particular focus on the electron transport layers (ETLs). It was found that the mechanism of power generation of PSCs under low-intensity LED and halogen lights is surprisingly different compared to the 1 Sun standard test condition (STC). Although a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) was obtained from the PSC based on mesoporous-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (m-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) under STC, compared to the compact-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (c-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) PSC, c-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> PSCs generated higher power than m-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> PSCs under low-intensity (200–1600 Lux) conditions. This result indicates that high PCE at STC cannot guarantee a reliable high-power output of PSCs under low-intensity conditions. Based on the systemic characterization of the ideality factor, charge recombination, trap density, and charge-separation, it was revealed that interfacial charge traps or defects at the electron transport layer/perovskite have a critical impact on the resulting power density of PSC under weak light conditions. Based on Suns-<I>V</I> <SUB>OC</SUB> measurements with local ideality factor analyses, it was proved that the trap states cause non-ideal behavior of PSCs under low-intensity light conditions. This is due to the additional trap states that are present at the m-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/perovskite interface, as confirmed by trap-density measurements. Based on Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) measurements, it was confirmed that these traps prohibit efficient charge separation at the perovskite grain boundaries when the light intensity is weak. According to these observations, it is suggested that for the fabrication of high-power PSCs under low-intensity indoor light, the interface trap density should be lower than the excess carrier density to fill the traps at the perovskite's grain boundaries. Finally, using the suggested principle, we succeeded in demonstrating high-performance PSCs by employing an organic ETL, yielding maximum power densities up to 12.36 (56.43), 28.03 (100.97), 63.79 (187.67), and 147.74 (376.85) <I>μ</I>W/cm<SUP>2</SUP> under 200, 400, 800, and 1600 Lux LED (halogen) illumination which are among the highest values for indoor low-intensity-light solar cells.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The device design principles of high-power perovskite solar cells for indoor light applications were investigated. </LI> <LI> For high-power under indoor light, trap density should be lower than excess carrier density. </LI> <LI> Perovskite solar cells with high-power density up to 376.85 <I>μ</I>W/cm2 under indoor light were demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, the device design rules for achieving high-power perovskite solar cells under indoor light are suggested based on the device operation principle under low intensity light conditions.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Evaluating the phototactic behavior responses of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, to some different wavelength LED lights in laboratory and field

Yun Chol-Nam,Maeng Il-Song,Yang Son-Hui,Hwang Un-Jo,Kim Kil-Nam,Kim Kyong-Chol,Ho Kum-Chol,Ri Chung-Song,Yang Hyon-Son,Jang Song-Hun 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.3

Light traps equipped with light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been applied to manage some phototactic insect pests. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is a cosmopolitan insect pest to be seriously harmful to many cruciferous plants. The present research focused on evaluating the phototactic behavior responses of the moths to several wavelengths and photon flux densities of LED lights under laboratory and field conditions. The results from the laboratory showed that the highest phototactic behavior responses of P. xylostella moths were recorded for UV (380 nm) LED light under 1.5 µmol m − 2 s − 1 and 2.5 µmol m − 2 s − 1 . The moths were more attracted to light traps equipped with 4 LEDs and 6 LEDs of 380 nm, respectively, between 20:00 and 22:00 than the other groups and night times in the field. The finding from the field was consistent with the results from the laboratory. We found that the 380 nm LED light results in the strongest attraction rate of the moths by 92.4 % and the moths caught in light trap with the UV LEDs was 1.62 times more than that with a black light. These data clearly demonstrate that P. xylostella moths have a high sensitivity to 380 nm, therefore, a 380 nm LED light trap could be useful for monitoring and controlling the moths.

Effect of several factors on the phototactic response of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Kil-Nam Kim,Hye-Seng Song,Chung-Seng Li,Qiu-Ying Huang,Chaoliang Lei 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.3

Recently, light traps equipped with light-emitting diode (LED) lights have been used to monitor and control nocturnal insect pests. The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker, is an important cosmopolitan agriculture pest. The phototactic responses of nocturnal insects, including moths are influenced by abiotic and biological factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the phototactic response to different wavelength LED lights to determine the wavelength to which M. separata adults are most sensitive, and then identify the effects of several factors on the phototactic response. Our experiments revealed that M. separata adult moths had a significantly higher attraction rate to the green (520 nm) LED light compared with other LED lights, the green LED light was 1.28 times more attractive the moths than the commercial double-wave light used as a control. The phototactic response of the adult moths was significantly influenced by several factors, including adaption time in darkness, age, mating status and sexuality. These findings suggest that using a green LED light as a light source in trap could be effective in monitoring or controlling M. separata moths. Our results may provide a theoretical and scientific basis for improving the light trap technique for M. separata moths.

Investigation of 3-dimensional structural morphology for enhancing light trapping with control of surface haze

Park, Hyeongsik,Shin, Myunghun,Kim, Hyeongseok,Kim, Sunbo,Le, Anh Huy Tuan,Kang, Junyoung,Kim, Yongjun,Pham, Duy Phong,Jung, Junhee,Yi, Junsin Elsevier 2017 Optical materials Vol.66 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A comparative study of 3-dimensional textured glass morphologies with variable haze value and chemical texturing of the glass substrates was conducted to enhance light trapping in silicon (Si) thin film solar cells (TFSCs). The light trapping characteristics of periodic honeycomb structures show enhanced transmittance and haze ratio in numerical and experimental approaches. The periodic honeycomb structure of notched textures is better than a random or periodic carved structure. It has high transmittance of ∼95%, and haze ratio of ∼52.8%, and the haze property of the angular distribution function of transmittance shows wide scattering angles in the long wavelength region because of the wide spacing and aspect ratio of the texture. The numerical and experimental approaches of the 3-D texture structures in this work will be useful in developing high-performance Si TFSCs with light trapping.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 3-D Light trapping structures are investigated for Si thin film solar cells. </LI> <LI> A glass texturing method is developed using chemical solutions of diluted HF. </LI> <LI> FDTD simulation shows a notched periodic honeycomb texture will be effective one. </LI> <LI> Periodic texturing shows better light scattering performance than random structures. </LI> <LI> Fabricated periodic honeycomb structure shows high transmittance and haze values. </LI> </UL> </P>

토마토 온실에서 청색 발광 및 점착트랩을 이용한 온실가루이 유인 효과

이중섭(Jung Sup Lee),이재한(Jae Han Lee),권준국(Joon Kook Kwon),박경섭(Kyoung Sub Park),김진현(Jin Hyun Kim),이동수(Dong Soo Lee) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2018 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.27 No.3

시설 토마토 온실에서 다양한 발광 램프가 장착된 트랩을 가지고 온실가루이의 유인 효과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 설치된 램프의 종류는 청색, 황색 그리고 흰색 발광 램프가 장착된 트랩을 이용하였다. 실험 결과 청색 발광 램프가 설치된 트랩에서 110마리로 가장 많은 온실가루이 성충이 유인되었고 황색램프 트랩과 흰색램프 트랩에서는 각각 71마리와 45마리가 포획되었다. 이때 청색 발광램프 트랩의 파장대역은 330㎚에서 430㎚를 나타내었다. 그러나, 황색광과 흰색광 발광램프 트랩에서도 청색광 램프의 파장대역을 가지고는 있었으나 한편으로 온실가루이가 회피하는 파장대역 또한 동시에 포함하고 있었다. 이 결과 이들 두 개의 트랩에서 보다 청색광 발광트랩이 유인 포획률이 높아 시설토마토 온실에서 온실가루이의 방제와 예찰에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. The effect of the trap equipped with diverse light-emitting lamp on the lure efficiency of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) was investigated in the greenhouse cultivating tomato. The light-emitting lamp type equipped to trap was blue, yellow, and white light-emitting lamp. The experiment results showed that trap equipped with blue light-emitting lamp captured the most number of 110±3.2 adult whitefly and the number of captured adult whitefly was 71±1.4 at yellow light-emitting lamp trap and 45±1 at white light-emitting lamp trap respectively. The wavelength distribution band of blue light-emitting lamp was between 330 ㎚ and 430 ㎚. The wavelength band of yellow and white light-emitting lamp contain repellent wavelength band at the same time. These results show that the trap equipped with blue light-emitting lamp could be used effectively for whitefly control and prevention in the greenhouse cultivating tomato.

Design of asymmetrically textured structure for efficient light trapping in building-integrated photovoltaics

Kang, Juhoon,Cho, Changsoon,Lee, Jung-Yong Elsevier 2015 Organic electronics Vol.26 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We design a novel light-trapping structure that can be applied to building-integrated photovoltaic systems, which inherently receive incident light asymmetrically during the whole year. The structure is optimized with respect to the asymmetric angular range of the incident light by breaking the structural symmetry. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed light-trapping structure for various incident-angle ranges <I>via</I> thorough simulation studies and experimental results using organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. As a result, we achieved an annual energy-production enhancement of 15% in case of OPVs installed on the vertical façade of a building in Daejeon, Korea (latitude=36.5°).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We propose a light trapping scheme for a building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). </LI> <LI> We propose a design rule of blazed texturing for the BIPV. </LI> <LI> We verified the effectiveness of texturing using a multi-scale optical simulation. </LI> <LI> We verified the effectiveness of texturing from experimental results of OPV devices. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Hierarchically self-assembled ZnO architectures: Establishing light trapping networks for effective photoelectrochemical water splitting

Hou, Tian-Feng,Boppella, Ramireddy,Shanmugasundaram, Arunkumar,Kim, Dong Ha,Lee, Dong-Weon Pergamon Press 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.22

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Here we develop photoanodes based on hierarchical zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures such as vertically aligned nanorods (NR), nanorods interconnected by thin nanosheets (NR@TN) and nanorods interconnected by dense nanosheets (NR@DN). The morphological variations were successfully controlled by secondary growth time and the plausible formation mechanisms of these hierarchical ZnO architectures were explained based on the experiment analysis. Under simulated light illumination (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm<SUP>−</SUP> <SUP>2</SUP>), NR@TN produced a photocurrent density of 0.62 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE). Importantly, 35% enrichment in photoconversion efficiency was observed for NR@TN at much lower bias potential (0.77 V vs. RHE) compared with NR (0.135%) and NR@DN (0.13% at 0.82 V vs. RHE). Key to the improved performance is believed to be synergetic effects of excellent light-trapping characteristics and the large surface-to-volume ratios due to the nanosheet structures. The nanorod connected with thin nanosheet structures improved the efficiency by means of improved charge transfer across the nanostructure/electrolyte interfaces, and efficient charge transport within the material. We believe that the hierarchical ZnO structures can be used in conjunction with doping and/or sensitization to promote the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Further, the ZnO nanorod interconnected with nanosheets morphology presented in this article is extendable to other metal oxide semiconductors to establish a universal protocol for the development of high performance photoanodes in the field of PEC water splitting.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new approach yields ZnO photoanodes for water splitting application. </LI> <LI> Versatile nanostructure like nanorod and nanorod connected by nanosheet is prepared. </LI> <LI> The multi reflection in photoanodes increases capture rate of incident photons. </LI> <LI> Electron transfer from thin nanosheet to nanorod leads to effectively split e–h pair. </LI> <LI> Numerous light trapping network in NR@TN gives rise to the improved PEC performances. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Structured devices such as nanorods arrays (right) enable the orthogonalization of light absorption and carrier collection. Decoupling <I>L</I> <SUB>min</SUB> from <I>α</I> <SUP>+</SUP> reduces certain materials' quality constraints. In addition, the light can be transferred longer distance to enhance the light absorption due to the multi-reflection of the nanorod arrays and the high surface roughness property thin film on the top side of ZnO nanorods.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A study on improving the surface structure of solar cell and increasing the light absorbing efficiency - Applying the structure of leaves' surface -

김태민(Kim, Taemin),홍주표(Hong, Joopyo) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

Biomimetc is a new domain of learning that proposes a solution getting clues from nature. There seems to be a sign of this phenomenon in fields of Renewable Energy. Foe example, Wind power was imitate the whale's fin that was improve efficiency of generating energy. This study focused on the photovoltaic generation as the instance of applying biomimetic. Efficiency is the most important factor in field of Photovoltaic generation. When given solar cell taking the sun light, most important fields of the study are absorb more light and increase the quantity of generation. For improving efficiency, the solar cell were builded up textures of taking a pyramid form, such a surface structure taking a role for remaining the light. This effects do the role as increasing absorbing efficiency. Such phenomenon calls Light Trapping, locking up the light on the surface of solar cell for a long time. Light is a vital factor to plants in the nature. Plants grow up through the photosynthesis that absorbing light for growth and propagation. So, plants make a effort how can absorb more the light in poor surroundings. This study set up a goal that imitates the minute surface structure of plants and applies to the existing solar cells's surface structure, so it can improve the efficiency of absorbing light. We used Light Tools software analyzing geometrical optics to analyze efficiency about new designed textures on the computer. We made a comparison between existing textures and new designed textures. Consequently, new designed textures were advanced efficiency, absorbing rates of light increasing about 7 percent. In comparison with existing and new textures, advancing about 20 percent in the efficient aspect.

Centrifuge Tube Trap: A Direct-Sampling Mini Plankton Light Trap for Under 3USD

Seong Lee Neoh 한국해양과학기술원 2022 Ocean science journal Vol.57 No.1

Of the light plankton traps, tube traps are the simplest and easiest to construct. However, they have a serious limitation—the need to process the sample postharvest. This usually involves the time-consuming transfer of samples from the trap to a separate storage vessel. To eliminate this problem, a tube trap was constructed using a centrifuge tube that acts as both the trap and also the final storage vessel. The light source was an ordinary pen-style flashlight inserted in another centrifuge tube to waterproof it, which is then used to illuminate the sampling centrifuge tube. Post sampling, the centrifuge tube is capped and directly removed for storage with no concentration stage required. Field trials indicated that this centrifuge tube trap is effective in trapping phototactic organism, in particular the calanoid copepods.