천해역에서의 항주파의 특성에 관한 연구

강성진(Song-Jin. Gang),김선규(Sun-Kyu. Kim),손창배(Chang-Bae. Son),김종성(Jong-Sung. Kim),홍정혁(Jeong-Hyeok. Hong),김창제(Chang-Je. Kim) 한국항해항만학회 2006 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1 No.-

항주파에 의해 해안침식, 호안 결괴, 하역곤란 및 어선 등을 포함한 소형선박의 동요가 발생하며, 심지어 최근에는 수상오토바이, 모터보트 및 여객선의 고속주행은 해수욕장의 수영객 및 낚시꾼 등 어로작업중인 어민에게 위협이 되고 있다. 특히, 천해역에서 발생한 항주파는 심해역에서 발생한 항주파보다 연안시설 또는 작업인원의 안전에 더 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 파고는 천해역에서 발생하여 극천해역으로 진행하는 경우, 천해역 파고의 1.8배정도로 커진다. 또한 극천해역에 약간의 흐름이 존재하여도 파는 진행하지 못한다. Damages such as beach erosion, seawall destruction and difficulty of cargo working due to rolling of ship result from shipwave. In addition, high speed operations of motor boat and passenger ship respectively jeopardize sea bathers and anglers' safety. In general, shipwaves in shallow water have worse effect on coastal facilities and working people there than those in deepwater. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of shipwaves which occurred and propagated in shallowwater experimentally and theoretically.

낙동강 하구 유입 담수의 수질 변동 특성 연구 - 2008년과 2009년을 중심으로 -

하창우,김상운,임창수,이완섭 해양환경안전학회 2011 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.06

2010년 4월 20일, 반잠수식 시추선 Deepwater Horizon호가 폭발, 침몰하는 사고가 발생하였으며, 이로 인해 490만배럴(약 77.8만톤)의 원유가 미국 멕시코만으로 유출되었다. 이 사고로부터 1년 이상이 경과함에 따라 정부 측과 오염행위자 측의 각종 분석보고서와 사고로부터 얻 은 교훈 등이 발표되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미국 버락 오바마 대통령의 지시로 구성된 “Deepwater Horizon 기름유출과 원해 석유시추에 관한 국가위원회”의 최종보고서와 미국 해안경비대(USCG)1)와 미국 에너지 관리․규제․집행국(BOEMRE)2) 합동조사반의 중간보고서를 바탕으로 기름오염 사고 원인과 사고대응에 대한 측면을 중점적으로 검토․분석하였다. 또한, 분석결과를 토대로 우리나라 정부에서 유출구 봉쇄조치 지 도감독 능력 강화, 현장소각과 임시방제정 프로그램의 도입검토 및 향후 미국의 연구개발성과에 대한 지속적인 모니터링 등 국가방제정책의 개 선방안을 제시하였다. On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels(about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. As more than one year has been passed since the incident, a lot of investigation reports and lessons learned have been made public and also a lot more will be released soon. This paper studies the final report of the National Commission on “the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling”, which was organized by the executive directive of U.S. President Barack Obama, and the interim report of Joint Investigation team of U.S. Coast Guard and BOEMRE of “Report of Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Explosion, Fire, Sinking and Loss of Eleven Members Aboard the Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Deepwater Horizon”. The review is focused on the response to the oil spill. And the paper suggests how to improve national marine pollution response policy. In the paper, the Korean governments is suggested to reinforce the capability for instructing and supervising the responsible party's source control measures, to review how to introduce in-situ burning and vessel of opportunity program into our country, and to continue monitoring on the progress of developments of R&D projects related to oil spill response in the U.S..

미국 멕시코만 오염사고 분석을 통한 국가방제정책 개선방안 연구

김상운,임창수,이완섭,하창우,Kim, Sang-Woon,Lim, Chang-Soo,Lee, Wan-Sub,Ha, Chang-Woo 해양환경안전학회 2011 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.17 No.3

2010년 4월 20일, 반잠수식 시추선 Deepwater Horizon호가 폭발, 침몰하는 사고가 발생하였으며, 이로 인해 490만배럴(약 77.8만톤)의 원유가 미국 멕시코만으로 유출되었다. 이 사고로부터 1년 이상이 경과함에 따라 정부 측과 오염행위자 측의 각종 분석보고서와 사고로부터 얻은 교훈 등이 발표되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 미국 버락 오바마 대통령의 지시로 구성된 "Deepwater Horizon 기름유출과 원해 석유시추에 관한 국가위원회"의 최종보고서와 미국 해안경비대(USCG)와 미국 에너지 관리 규제 집행국(BOEMRE) 합동조사반의 중간보고서를 바탕으로 기름오염 사고 원인과 사고대응에 대한 측면을 중점적으로 검토 분석하였다. 또한, 분석결과를 토대로 우리나라 정부에서 유출구 봉쇄조치 지도감독 능력 강화, 현장소각과 임시방제정 프로그램의 도입검토 및 향후 미국의 연구개발성과에 대한 지속적인 모니터링 등 국가방제정책의 개선방안을 제시하였다. On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels(about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. As more than one year has been passed since the incident, a lot of investigation reports and lessons learned have been made public and also a lot more will be released soon. This paper studies the final report of the National Commission on "the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling", which was organized by the executive directive of U.S. President Barack Obama, and the interim report of Joint Investigation team of U.S. Coast Guard and BOEMRE of "Report of Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Explosion, Fire, Sinking and Loss of Eleven Members Aboard the Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Deepwater Horizon". The review is focused on the response to the oil spill. And the paper suggests how to improve national marine pollution response policy. In the paper, the Korean governments is suggested to reinforce the capability for instructing and supervising the responsible party's source control measures, to review how to introduce in-situ burning and vessel of opportunity program into our country, and to continue monitoring on the progress of developments of R&D projects related to oil spill response in the U.S..

심해석유 탐사 및 개발의 검토

최한석(HAN-SUK CHOI) 한국해양공학회 2008 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.22 No.4

General aspects of deepwater petroleum exploration and production were identified and related technical challenges were addressed. Historical perspectives, insight, processes, and engineering applications are reviewed to enhance the design capability of the domestic offshore industry. The technical challenges and unique aspects of deepwater exploration and production were identified. The assessment of deepwater exploration, drilling, and production systems is a key stage for performing the front end engineering design (FEED). The global trends in deepwater development, including the feasibility for Korea, were reviewed.

OrcaFlex를 이용한 심해 SCR 구조 해석

박규식(Kyu-Sik Park),최한석(Han-Suk Choi),김도균(Do-Kyun Kim),유수영(Su-Young Yu),강수창(Soo-Chang Kang) 한국해양공학회 2015 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

The design challenges when attempting to obtain sufficient strength for a deepwater steel catenary riser (SCR) include high stress near the hang-off location, an elevated beam-column buckling load due to the effective compression in the touchdown zone (TDZ), and increased stress and low-cycle fatigue damage in the TDZ. Therefore, a systematic strength analysis is required for the proper design of an SCR. However, deepwater SCR analysis is a new research area. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop an overall analysis procedure for a deepwater SCR. The structural behavior of a deepwater SCR under various environmental loading conditions was investigated, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted with respect to various parameters such as the SCR weight, weight of the internal contents, hang-off angle (HOA), and vertical soil stiffness. Based on a deepwater SCR design example, it was found that the maximum stress of an SCR occurred at a hang-off location under parallel loading direction with respect to the riser plane, except for a wave dominant dynamic survival loading condition. Furthermore, the tensile stress governed the total stress of the SCRs, whereas the bending stress governed the total stress at the TDZ. The weight of the SCR and internal contents affected the maximum stress of the SCR more than the HOA and vertical soil stiffness, because the weight of the SCR, including the internal contents, was directly related to its tensile stress.

Ethylene-induced Stem Growth of Deepwater Rice Is Correlated with Expression of Gibberellin- and Abscisic Acid-biosynthetic Genes

( Dong Su Choi ) 한국식물학회 2007 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.50 No.5

Ethylene decreases the content of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and increases the level of bioactive gibberellin A1 (GA1) in the submerged internodes of deepwater rice. During partial submergence, internodes of deepwater rice undergo rapid elongation as a result of ethylene accumulation in the internodal lacunae. In an in vitro experiment using stem sections from deepwater rice, treatment with 5 μL L-1 ethylene promoted stem growth by up to 3.2-fold times over air treatment. Expression patterns were analyzed for genes that encode GA- and ABA-biosynthesis enzymes to determine any possible molecular basis for the changes observed in GA1 and ABA contents as a result of ethylene action. Expression of the OsGA20ox2 and OsGA20ox4 genes, which encode GA 20-oxidase, and of the OsGA3ox2 gene, which encodes the enzyme that converts GA20 to GA1, was up-regulated, whereas that of three ABA-biosynthetic genes - OsNCED1, OsNCED2, and OsNCED5 - was down-regulated in the presence of ethylene. These results indicate that GA and ABA contribute equally to the submergence- or ethylene-induced stem elongation of deepwater rice via the coordinated and opposite regulation of biosynthesis.

A Benchmark Study of Design Codes on Offshore Pipeline Collapse for Ultra-Deepwater

Choi Han-Suk The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2006 Journal of ship and ocean technology Vol.10 No.1

The objective of this paper is to summarize current ultra-deepwater (i.e., up to 3,500 meters water depth) pipeline mechanical design methodologies as part of the limit state design. The standard mechanical design for ultra-deepwater pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is based on API RP 1111. API code also has been used for deepwater projects in west Africa. DNV code OS-F101 was mostly used for deepwater projects in offshore Brazil and Europe. Some pipeline designs in the GOM have started to incorporate parts of the DNV design methodology. A discussion of failure under collapse only and combined loading (i.e. pressure + bending) is presented. The best design criteria are obtained from physical full-scale collapse testing. The comparison of the physical test data and collapse calculations using the DNV and API codes will be presented. It was found that the conservatism still exists in the collapse prediction for ultra-deepwater pipeline using modem design codes such as DNV OS-F101 and API RP 1111.

Gene Expression Profiling Provides Insight into the Escape Behavior of Deepwater Rice During Submergence

Dongsu Choi,Soong-Taek Hwang,Yeon-Ki Kim,Seong-Han Sohn 한국식물학회 2018 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.61 No.6

Submergence harms plants by limiting gasexchange and decreasing incoming light. Upon prolongedflooding, deepwater rice (Oryza sativa) escapes completesubmergence by rapid stem growth, but the mechanism ofstem elongation in the early stages following submergenceremains unclear. To elucidate changes in gene expressionduring early submergence-induced stem elongation, weperformed transcriptome analysis using microarray system indeepwater rice. We compared gene expression between thecontrol (0 h) and 1, 4 hour after submergence. We found 586and 1,353 genes for Sub 1 h and 4 h treatments each thatwere up-regulated by at least two-fold, compared to thecontrol (P < 0.05), submergence up-regulated gene expressionrelated to at least 10 independent biological processes. Expression of deepwater rice genes related to energy productionthrough fermentation increased with time after submergence,which likely ensures sufficient energy for rapid stemelongation. We provide the first report of initial and overallexpression of deepwater rice genes related to the responsespecific to submergence escape.

미국 멕시코만 오염사고 대응체제 연구

하창우,김상운,윤주용,김한규 해양환경안전학회 2010 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.11

2010년 4월 20일, 반잠수식 시추선 Deepwater Horizon호가 폭발, 침몰하는 사고가 발생하였으며, 이로 인해 490만배럴(약 77.8만톤)의 원유가 미국 멕시코만으로 유출되었다. 이 사고는 석유산업 역사상 가장 규모가 큰 사고로서, 미국 해안경비대, 주정부 및 사고책임자인 BP가 서로 협력하여 적극적으로 사고에 대응하였다. 본 논문에서는 이번 사고대응의 특징으로 1) 연방-주-행위자 통합지휘, 2) 국가사고관리체제 (NIMS)의 시행, 3) 어선을 임시방제정으로 이용하는 프로그램 시행, 4) 과학적 지원에 기초한 대응, 5) 국민의 알 권리 충족에 주력, 6) 정확한 상황인식에 의한 효율적 방제, 7) 사고를 연구개발의 기회로 활용 등에 대하여 살펴보았다. On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels (about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. It is the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of petroleum industry. U.S. Coast Guard, State government, and responsible party BP have cooperated to response to the incident actively. This paper studies on the features of the response which include 1) unified command, 2) implementation of National Incident Management System, 3) implementation of Vessel of Opportunity Program, in which fishing vessels are used as clean-up vessels, 4) Smart response based on scientific information, 5) efforts for more accurate understanding of situation, 6) pursuit of people's right to know, and 7) usage of incident response as opportunities for R&D.

Mechanical Design of Deepwater Pipeline Wall Thickness Using the Recent Rules

HAN-SUK CHOI(최한석) 한국해양공학회 2002 韓國海洋工學會誌 Vol.16 No.6

This paper presents a mechanical design of the deepwater pipeline wall thickness using the recent design rules. Characteristics and limitations of the new codes were identified through a case study design in the Gulf of Mexico. In addition to the ASME, API, and DNV codes, the code of federal regulations (CFR) was also utilized in the design. It was found that conservatism still exists within the collapse prediction for water depth greater than 1500m. Comparision of the results from DNV and API codes were presented.