Zigbee의 저전력화와 채널간섭 분석

강민구 ( Kang Mingoo ),신호진 ( Shin Hojin ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.11 No.3

무선PAN(Wireless Personal Area Network, WPAN)에서 Zigbee의 저전력화와 채널간섭을 개선하고자, Zigbee망의 전력소모와 통신패턴을 분석하였다. Zigbee의 ad-hoc특성인 토폴로지 변화로 인한 동적 망구성시 토폴로지의 저전력화를 위해 종단장치(end device)들이 채널검색주기를 설정할 때 종단장치의 배터리 수명을 고려한 통신패턴을 분석하였다. 또한, Zigbee의 Random Back off 통신방식에서 무선랜(WLAN)과 채널간섭을 고려한 통신패턴도 분석하였다. 이로서, Zigbee의 종단장치의 배터리 수명을 연장하고자 종단 장치의 채널검색 주기를 설정하는 통신패턴을 설정하였으며, Zigbee의 협력장치(coordinator)와 종단장치 사이의 최적의 통신패턴의 분석을 통해 채널간섭을 최소화 할 수 있었다. The battery consumption and the wireless communication pattern were analyzed for the low power and the improvement of channel interferences between of Zigbee networks and WPAN(Wireless Personal Area Network). The communication patterns considering end device`s battery saving during channel searching period were analyzed for low power consumption topology of Zigbee dynamic ad-hoc characteristics. And, the communication patterns were analyzed due to channel interferences between WLAN and Random Back off of Zigbee, too. As a result, the communication patterns of Zigbee`s coordinator and end devices is alleviated for the longer battery life time of Zigbee`s end device due to Zigbee`s end device setting techniques.

Zigbee 통신 기반 폐수배출시설 배출 현황 자동기록 시스템 설계에 관한 연구

박의준,송제호 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.9

Currently, small-scale wastewater discharge facilities have a problem in that when measuring the discharge status, a person must read the meters one by one, record the result, and then make calculations directly. Therefore, in this study, we designed an automatic recording system for the discharge from wastewater discharge facilities based on Zigbee communication. The system can automatically measure and record the amount of wastewater discharge and the amount of water, electricity, and chemicals used in the facility. The system is composed of a measuring part, control part, output part, and Zigbee communication. The measuring part measures power usage, wastewater discharge, water, and chemical usage. It also transmits the measured values to the control part, which compares and computes the measured values to display them with comparative values. The output part consists of a display or a printer for monitoring of the wastewater discharge status or printing the operation log. Experimental values were measured, and the operating voltage of the main controller was 12.71 V after a solar panel and battery were connected. The Zigbee communication module system operated normally. When the control button of the main controller was operated, the operation time of the display was measured to be 24 ms, and the operation time from the communication control receiving terminal in the main controller to the signal output terminal was output as 37.45 ms. In addition, existing small-scale wastewater discharge and prevention facilities were monitored by dispatching fixed personnel. In the proposed system, it is possible to reduce the violation rate of environmental standards and to train technical manpower by automatically monitoring the status of wastewater discharge facilities using Zigbee communication. 현재의 소규모 폐수배출시설은 배출 현황을 측정할 때 사람이 일일이 계량기를 검침하고 이를 기록한 후 직접계산해야하는 문제점이 존재한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 폐수배출시설의 폐수배출량 및 용수, 전력, 약품의 사용량 등을자동으로 측정하고 기록할 수 있는 Zigbee 통신 기반 폐수배출시설 배출 현황 자동기록 시스템을 설계하고자 한다. 폐수배출시설 배출 현황 자동기록 시스템은 측정부, 제어부, 출력부와 Zigbee 통신으로 구성하였다. 측정부는 전력 사용량과 폐수배출량 및 용수, 약품의 사용량 등을 측정하여 측정값을 제어부로 전송하고, 제어부는 이러한 측정값을 비교연산하여 측정치와 비교치 등을 나타낸다. 출력부는 디스플레이나 프린터로 이루어지며 폐수 배출 현황을 모니터링 하거나, 폐수배출시설 및 방지시설 운영일지의 인쇄가 이루어질 수 있게 하였다. 따라서, 본 시스템 설계 후 실험값을 측정한결과 태양광 패널 및 배터리 연결 후 메인 제어기의 동작 전압이 12.71 V로 정상 작동하였으며 Zigbee 통신 모듈 시스템이 정상적으로 동작하였다. 메인 제어기의 컨트롤 버튼 조작 시 디스플레이의 동작 시간은 24 ms로 측정되었고 메인제어기 내의 통신제어 수신 단자에서부터 신호 출력 단자까지 동작 시간 37.45 ms가 출력되었다. 또한, 기존의 소규모배출시설 및 방지시설은 고정인력을 배치하고 모니터링하는 시스템에서, Zigbee 통신 기반 폐수배출시설 배출 현황을자동모니터링하므로 환경기준 위반율을 낮추고 기술 인력을 양성할 수 있다.

전력설비 관리를 위한 무선 및 유선 통신 방법에 관한 고찰

김영억(Young-Eok Kim),이진(Jin Lee) 대한전기학회 2016 전기학회논문지 Vol.65 No.2

Power plants maintenance data is to be sent to management server system via a communication network. In this case, reliable communication network is required. Transmission of the power plants maintenance data is used in the wired communication network or wireless communication network. PLC communication network is a kind of wired communication network. However PLC communication network is easily affected by noise. On the vulnerable areas in power line system, such as a mountain or rural areas, it is difficult to form a power line communication network. For a wireless communication, environment are also influenced factors in wireless communication. Harsh environmental factors are bring the communication characteristic degradation. In such areas it can be used a combination of two networks and in this way the complementary function can be achieved. Power plants are distributed in various regions across the country. The appropriate communication network is needed to maintain the power plant. This study investigated the effect of environment on the wired communication and wireless communication. It would examine a variable factor which is affect to the communication characteristic. We used PLC communication for wired communication network and ZigBee communication for wireless communication network. We investigated the characteristics of a single communication network and it raised the need for a complex communication technology to complement a single communication network.

지그비 메쉬 네트워크를 이용한 대형건물의 실시간 실내 환경 모니터링

임병찬(Pyeongchan Ihm),조성우(Sung Woo Cho) 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.9

사물인터넷 기술의 발전과 함께 블루투스(Bluetooth), 와이파이(WiFi), 지그비(ZigBee) 등 다양한 무선 통신기술들이 개발되어 현장에서 무선 통신모듈과 센서를 결합한 실시간 환경모니터링 방안이 측정에 활용하고 있다. 무선통신 범위도 비교적 넓고 데이터 전송속도도 빠른 와이파이는 실시간 모니터링에 적합하지만 통신모듈의 전력소비량이 상대적으로 크며 무선 통신 네트워크를 구축하는데 필요한 무선 공유기 설치에 따른 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 대형건물에서 건물 전체를 대상으로 실시간 건물 실내 환경 모니터링이 가능한 무선 통신 센서 네트워크의 성능평가와 효과적인 네트워크 구축방안에 관하여 연구를 하였다. 또한 저전력 지그비 통신모듈과 저가의 아두이노를 활용하여 사물인터넷 시제품을 개발하였다. 이 장치들로 구성된 무선 통신 네트워크를 건물 전체를 대상으로 구축하여 네트워크의 무선 통신성능과 실시간 건물 실내 환경 모니터링의 가능성을 제시하였다. 단일 연결(one-hop)과 다중 연결(multi-hop)에 대한 지그비 통신모듈의 성능을 분석하였으며 다중 연결 상태에서 건물 전체에 대한 지그비 통신의 수신율은 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 대형건물에서 건물 전체를 대상으로 지그비 메쉬 네트워크를 사용한 무선 센서 네트워크를 구축할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. With the development of Internet of Things (IOT) techniques, several wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and ZigBee are being developed and currently applied to a real-time environment monitoring system combined with sensors. A WiFi communication network with broad wireless range and fast baud rate of data transfer rate is suitable for real-time monitoring. However it consumes more power for the communication module and has a difficulty in the installation of a an access point. This study evaluated the performance and the effective layout of a wireless sensor communication network for real-time monitoring of an indoor environment of a whole large-scale building. In addition, an IOT product was developed with a ZigBee module with low power consumption and low-cost Arduino module. The product was utilized to construct a ZigBee-based wireless communication network and used to evaluate the performance of a wireless communication network. One-hop and multi-hop connections of ZigBee communication were analyzed with the variation of horizontal and vertical distance within a whole building. The performance of a multi-hop connection for ZigBee communication was better than one-hop communication regarding on the received signal strength indicator and packet delivery ratio. The suggested ZigBee-based wireless mesh communication network system was applied to a whole large-scale building and is a very effective way to construct a real-time wireless sensor network for monitoring indoor environment conditions.

소형 쿼드콥터의 군집비행을 위한 Zigbee 네트워크 데이터 통신 성능 분석

현정욱,송복섭,장재원,유혁 한국항공우주학회 2013 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

본 논문에서는 소형 쿼드콥터의 군집비행을 위한 비행체와 지상간의 데이터 통신 장치로 Zigbee모듈을 사용하는 경우, 그에 적합한 네트워크 접속형태를 선정하고 시험을 통해 데이터 통신 성능을 분석하였다. 안정적인 군집비행 운영에 적합한 접속형태를 선택하였으며, 4대의 비행체 및 지상통제장비로 구현하였다. 통신 시험은 데이터양 및 통신 속도를 변화시키면서 데이터 에러율을 확인하는 방식으로 수행하였다. 본 시험 결과를 통해 군집비행에 적절한 통신 속도와 데이터양을 제안하고, 선정한 네트워크 접속형태에 적합한 군집비행 운영방법을 제시하였다. In this paper, Select forms a suitable network topology and analyze the data communication performance by test, if we are using a Zigbee module for data communication between aircraft and ground equipment for swarm flight of Small Quadcopters. Select network topology which is suitable for stable swarm flight operations, and implement in four aircraft and Ground Control System. Communication test was performed in a way by varying the speed of communication and the amount of data to determine the data error rate. This test results suggest proper communication speed and the amount of data on the Swarm Flight, and selected network topology type in the appropriate swarm flight vehicles operations.

ZigBee통신을 이용한 태양광 발전 통합 모니터링 시스템 개발

박병우(Byoung-Woo Park),박성준(Sung-Jun Park) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2017 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.31 No.7

In this paper, we developed remote wireless communication integrated monitoring system to keep and manage solar energy generation system based on ZigBee communication. Integrated monitoring system is consist of Terminal Module - possible voltage detection each PV modules – as well as reception AP(Access point Module). Mornitoring system`s error rate of generation, alarm push, failure rate - based on ZigBee comunication - was verified through test bed experiment. This monitoring module enables the failure and maintenance of the PV module unit and protects against the loss or damage of the communication line which is a problem in case of wire. This monitoring system based on the remote wireless Zigbee communication, expected to be applied on a lot from small to large solar generation facilities.

Zigbee 무선통신 기반 지능형 가구 제어 시스템 구축 및 개발

박동진 ( Dong Jin Park ),김대진 ( Dae Jin Kim ) 전남대학교 전자통신기술연구소 2009 전자통신기술논문지 Vol.12 No.1

요즘 시대의 디지털 기술은 네트워크 및 무선 통신 기술의 발전과 함께 사회적으로는 U-city 건설, 개인적으로는 U-healthcare까지 가능하도록 하고 있다. 지금까지 개발되어 온 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크(USN) 기술 개발의 목적이 실용 가능하며 효율적인 네트워크의 구성과 무선 통신의 성능 향상이었다. 하지만 앞으로 우리가 추구해야 하며 이룩해야 할 목적은 이 기술들을 하나로 통합하여 가정, 공장, 병원 등 실생활에 활용하는 응용 어플리케이션을 개발하고 실제 적용하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 시대의 흐름에 따라 디지털 무선 통신 기술을 인간 생활의 기본이 되는 집안의 가구에 접목시켰다. 낮은 전력과 저비용의 강점을 가진 Zigbee 통신을 기반으로 집안 환경 데이터를 중앙서버로 송수신하여 사용자의 수동적인 조절 없이도 환경 요소 조절 가능 시스템을 구축하였으며, 가구 사용 시 사용자의 신체 정보를 수집할 수 있는 기능도 추가하였다. 또한 시스템 사용이 가능한 어느 곳이든 데이터베이스에 저장된 정보를 확인할 수 있는 통합 서버를 구축하였다. 또한 본 논문에 서술된 기술들을 응용하여 산업분야의 자동화, 원격 정보 수집 및 저장, 재난방지 서비스 등에 활용될 수 있는 계기를 마련해 줄 것이다. Nowadays, digital technology with the network and development of wireless communication is possible U-city construction and personal U-healthcare. So far, purpose of Ubiquitous Sensor Network(USN) is practical use and efficient network configuration, improvement of wireless communication performance. But we have to pursue our goal is to integrates these technologies for the home, factories, hospital, etc. and development of application and apply to the real life. In this paper, according to the flow of this period, the digital wireless communication technology is combined the furniture in the house. The system is developed base on the Zigbee-wireless communication with lower-power and lower-cost. This system can receive and transfer the home environment data. Also, without the need for user`s manual control, this system control the environmental factors automatically. When you using the furniture, your body information is collected to system also added. In addition, integrated server is developed for the certification of saved information. The techniques described in this paper can applied to the industrial automation applications and remote data collection and storage, disaster protection services and will arrange an instrument that can be utilized.

Performance Evaluation of Multi-Hop Communication Based on a Mobile Multi-Robot System in a Subterranean Laneway

( Qing Ling Liu ),( Duk Hwan Oh ) 한국정보처리학회 2012 Journal of information processing systems Vol.8 No.3

For disaster exploration and surveillance application, this paper aims to present a novel application of a multi-robot agent based on WSN and to evaluate a multi- hop communication caused by the robotics correspondingly, which are used in the uncertain and unknown subterranean tunnel. A Primary-Scout Multi-Robot System (PSMRS) was proposed. A chain topology in a subterranean environment was implemented using a trimmed ZigBee2006 protocol stack to build the multi-hop communication network. The ZigBee lC-CC2530 modular circuit was adapted by mounting it on the PS-MRS. A physical experiment based on the strategy of PS-MRS was used in this paper to evaluate the efficiency of multi-hop communication and to realize the delivery of data packets in an unknown and uncertain underground laboratory environment.

Performance Evaluation of Multi-Hop Communication Based on a Mobile Multi-Robot System in a Subterranean Laneway

Liu, Qing-Ling,Oh, Duk-Hwan Korea Information Processing Society 2012 Journal of information processing systems Vol.8 No.3

For disaster exploration and surveillance application, this paper aims to present a novel application of a multi-robot agent based on WSN and to evaluate a multi-hop communication caused by the robotics correspondingly, which are used in the uncertain and unknown subterranean tunnel. A Primary-Scout Multi-Robot System (PS-MRS) was proposed. A chain topology in a subterranean environment was implemented using a trimmed ZigBee2006 protocol stack to build the multi-hop communication network. The ZigBee IC-CC2530 modular circuit was adapted by mounting it on the PS-MRS. A physical experiment based on the strategy of PS-MRS was used in this paper to evaluate the efficiency of multi-hop communication and to realize the delivery of data packets in an unknown and uncertain underground laboratory environment.

FPGA integrated IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee wireless sensor nodes performance for industrial plant monitoring and automation

Ompal,Mishra Vishnu Mohan,Kumar Adesh 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.7

The field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is gaining popularity in industrial automation such as nuclear power plant instrumentation and control (I&C) systems due to the benefits of having non-existence of operating system, minimum software errors, and minimum common reason failures. Separate functions can be processed individually and in parallel on the same integrated circuit using FPGAs in comparison to the conventional microprocessor-based systems used in any plant operations. The use of FPGAs offers the potential to minimize complexity and the accompanying difficulty of securing regulatory approval, as well as provide superior protection against obsolescence. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a new technology for acquiring and processing plant data wirelessly in which sensor nodes are configured for real-time signal processing, data acquisition, and monitoring. ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) is an open worldwide standard for minimum power, low-cost machine-to-machine (M2M), and internet of things (IoT) enabled wireless network communication. It is always a challenge to follow the specific topology when different Zigbee nodes are placed in a large network such as a plant. The research article focuses on the hardware chip design of different topological structures supported by ZigBee that can be used for monitoring and controlling the different operations of the plant and evaluates the performance in Vitex5 FPGA hardware. The research work presents a strategy for configuring FPGA with ZigBee sensor nodes when communicating in a large area such as an industrial plant for real-time monitoring