경남지역 시설원예작물 재배지 및 표토관리별 잡초발생 양상

황재복(Jae Bok Hwang),윤을수(Eul Soo Yun),박창영(Chang Young Park),박성태(Sung Tae Park),남민희(Min Hee Nam) 韓國雜草學會 2011 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.31 No.3

본 연구는 시설원예작물 후작물의 재배가 증가하고 있어 이들 작물에 대한 효과적인 잡초관리를 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 시설작물 재배지를 중심으로 작물별로 춘·추계 분포 상태와 하계 표토관리 방법별로 잡초발생 양상을 조사하였다. 시설작물 재배지 시기별로 춘계에는 24종으로 화본과 잡초 3종, 방동사니과 잡초 2종, 그리고 광엽잡초가 19종 발생하였으며, 추계에는 33종으로 화본과 7종, 방동사니과 3종, 그리고 광엽잡초가 23종 조사되었다. 시설내 춘·추계 잡초의 과별로는 국화과는 한련초, 쑥 등 9종, 화본과는 피, 뚝새풀 등 7종, 방동사니과는 일방동사니, 올방개 등 4종, 십자화과는 개갓냉이 등 3종, 석죽과는 쇠별꽃 등 3종, 대극과와 마디풀과가 각각 2종, 그리고 괭이밥과 등 총 18과로 분류되었다. 추계시설 내 잡초 우점순위를 보면, 바랭이 11.6 % 〉 참방동사니 10.9% 〉 쇠비름 10.5% 〉 속속이풀 8.3% 〉 주름잎 7.8%로 대부분이 발잡초의 우점순위가 높았으며 한련초, 피, 알방동사니, 여뀌바늘과 같은 논잡초도 발생되었다. 한편, 시설작물 수확 후 표토관리 방법별 잡초 발생은 하계 일년생 잡초로는 한련초, 참방동사니, 쇠비름, 왕바랭이 4종, 동계 일년생 잡초는 좁쌀냉이, 속속이풀, 꽃마리 3종이었다. 그리고 다년생 잡초로는 괭이밥으로 전체 7과 8종이 발생하였다. 적산우점도로는 경운 시 좁쌀냉이 88.1% 〉 한련초 57.5% 〉 쇠비름 55.2% 〉 괭이밥 53.4% 순이었다. 비닐제거구에서는 쇠비름이 88.9% 〉 한련초 57.9% 〉 꽃마리 25.1% 〉 왕바랭이 23.7% 순이었다. 비닐피복구는 쇠비름 98.7% 〉 꽃마리 49.1%, 한련초 36.8% 순이었다. Weed control is of fundamental importance when planting horticultural crops, particularly during the establishment phase. Weeds compete for nutrients, water and light, and can severely threaten the survival and early growth of newly planted crops. Failure to control weeds represents one of the single most important factors leading to crop loss. Knowledge on the existence of the diversity of weed species in greenhouses is of our main concern in this study in order to develop a most efficient and effective weed control strategies. Sixty-two greenhouses were surveyed in 3 cities and counties of Gyeongnam area in March to October 2009 to investigate the feature of weed occurrence in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) after harvesting of the main crops. Forty-one weed species were identified and classified to 18 families which were composed of 14 annual weeds, 18 summer annual weeds and 9 perennial weeds. On the other hand, broadleaf, grasses and sedges recorded with 30, 7 and 4 weed species, respectively. Asteraceae was the most dominant weed species (9 species) noted followed by Poaceae (7 species), Cyperaceae (4 species), Caryophyllaceae and Brassicaceae (3 species respectively) and other families have 1∼2 species. The dominant weed species occurred in the greenhouse based on the summed dominance ratio. These weeds were Digitaria sanguinalis, Cyperus iria, Portulaca oleracea, Rorippa islandica, Mazus japonicas, Cardamine flexousa, and Eclipta prostrata and others. Weed occurrence in the greenhouse after horticultural crops consisted of summer annuals (4 species), winter annuals (3 species), and perennial annuals (1 specie). The dominant species occurred in tilled soil based on summed dominance ratio of weeds were Cardamine flexousa (88.1%), Eclipta prostrate (57.4%) and Portulaca oleracea (55.2%). Comparison of weed occurrence was thoroughly surveyed also in which field without PVC, weed species were Portulaca oleracea (55.2), Eclipta prostrata (57.9%) and Trigonotis peduncularis (25.1%) and field with PVC, the identified weeds were Portulaca oleracea (98.75), Trigonotis peduncularis (49.1%), and Eclipta prostrata (36.8%).

우리나라 밭작물 재배지 잡초 발생 및 분포현황

이인용,오영주,홍선희,최준근,허수정,이채영,황기선,박기웅,조승현,권오도,임일빈,김상국,성덕경,정영재,김창석,이정란,서현아,장형목 한국잔디학회 2015 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.4 No.3

Surveys of weed species on upland fields were conducted in Korea to investigate the occurrence of weed flora from April to May 2014 for winter crop fields and from July to August 2014 for summer crop fields. From the nation-wide survey, 375 weed species in 50 families were identified and classified to 162 annuals, 78 biennials and 135 perennials. Based on the occurrence ratio, the most weed species belonged to Compositae (73 species). 44 and 25 weed species belonged to Poaceae and Polygonaceae, respectively, and these 183 weed species in the most five families accounted for 49% of total weed occurrence. While 287 weed species in 45 families occurred in the winter crop fields, 339 weed species in 47 families occurred in summer crop fields. The most dominant weed species in Korean upland fields were Digitaria ciliaris, followed by Portulaca oleracea, Acalypha australis, Chenopodium album, Rorippa palustris etc. 129 weed species in 25 families were considered as exotic weeds. Based on the importance analysis, the highest value was C. album followed by Amaranthus lividus, Conyza canadensis etc. This information could be useful for estimation of future weed occurrence, weed population dynamics and establishment of weed control methods in upland fields of Korea. 우리나라 밭에 발생하는 잡초를 조사하여 각 작목별 문제잡초의 현황을 파악하고 잡초방제의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 2014년 4~5월 및 7~8월에 2회 실시하였다. 밭에 발생하는 잡초는 총 50과 375종으로 국화과 73종, 화본과 44종, 마디풀과 25종, 십자화과 21종, 콩과 20종 등의 순이었다. 이들 잡초를 생활형으로 구분하면, 일년생 162종, 월년생 78종, 다년생 135종이었다. 보리, 마늘, 양파 등 동계작물 재배지에는 45과 287종, 고추, 콩, 옥수수 등 하계작물 재배지에는 47과 339종이 발생되었다. 우점도별 상위10초종은 바랭이, 쇠비름, 깨풀, 흰명아주, 속속이풀, 돌피, 한련초, 중대가리풀, 냉이, 참방동사니 순이었다. 외래잡초는 25과 129종으로 흰명아주, 개비름, 망초, 좀명아주, 미국가막사리, 털별꽃아재비 등이었다. 밭잡초 발생정보는 향후 잡초발생 예측, 잡초군락 변화 그리고 밭잡초 방제의 기초자료로 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

우리나라 잡초이름으로 알아본 언어학적 고찰

이인용(In-Yong Lee),김창석(Chang-Seog Kim),문병철(Beong-Chul Moon),오세문(Se-Mun Oh),박재읍(Jae-Eup Park) 韓國雜草學會 2009 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.29 No.3

한국잡초학회에서 발간한 잡초학용어집에 수록된 638종을 대상으로 하여 크기, 형태, 계절, 동물 및 곤충, 참과 거짓, 지역, 색상, 사람, 유사성, 오감 등으로 나누고 이를 언어학적으로 고찰하였다. 크기를 나타내는 접두어로 가는/쇠/실(narrow, small, 細), 애기(small, 小), 좀/좁쌀(little, bit, 小), 큰(big, 大), 긴(long, 長)등이 있으며, 형태(모양)를 나타내는 접두어로는 가시/바늘(thorn, needle, 針), 누운(lie, 臥), 등근(round, circular, 圓), 선(stand, 立), 주름(creases, folds, wrinkled), 털(hair, 毛)등이 있다. 또한, 개, 고양이, 소, 쥐 등과 같은 우리 주변에 있는 동물 또는 곤충을 의인화한 잡초가 있다. 진짜를 의미하는 참(real, 眞)이 들어간 잡초로는 참방동사니, 참소리쟁이 등이 있으며, 거짓 또는 질이 떨어지는 것을 뜻하는 개(plain, 野), 물가나 물(water, 水)과 관련되어 물이라는 접두어가 붙은 잡초가 있다. 문제 외래잡초에는 미국(美國), 서양/양(Western, 西洋), 구주/유럽(Europe, 歐洲)이라는 접두어를 붙였다. 잡초의 외관이나 꽃이 특유의 색상이 잡초명에 포함된 경우도 있는데 노란색(yellow, 黃), 붉은색(red, 赤), 자주/주홍(purple, violet, 紫), 흰색(white, 白)등이 있다. 잡초 중에는 사람을 의인화하거나 비속화시켜 이름을 붙인 경우도 있는데 광대(clown, 廣大), 기생(妓生), 난쟁이(dwarf, 侏儒), 바보(fool) 등이 있다. 이밖에 유사성을 강조하여 나도(me too) 또는 너도(you too)라는 단어가 붙는 경우도 있다. We selected 638 weed species in the weed glossary book published by the Korean Society of Weed Science and linguistically studied them after categorizing them into different sizes, shapes, seasons, and associated animals insects, truths and lies, colors, persons, Similarities and relation with the five senses was also part of the categorization. The prefixes for size are narrow and/or small, long, small, little and/or bit, large and long. The prefixes for shape are thorn and/or needle, crawling/prostate, round and/or circular, stand, creases and/or folds and/or wrinkled and hairy. Some Korean weeds have names that personify animals such as dogs, cats, cows, rats and/or insects. Chambangdongsani (Cyperus iria) and Chamsorijaengi (Rumex japonicus) etc. are weeds that contain ‘real’ which means ‘truths’ and Gaegatnaengi (Rorippa indica), Gaegijang (Panicum bisulcatum) are weeds that contain ‘false’ which means ‘lies’ or ‘low qualities’. Some weeds contain the prefix ‘tideland’ which means reclaimed land among areas, plain or water which relates to water or waterside. Other troublesome exotic weeds have prefixes for U.S.A., western and/or Europe. Some weed names contain the appearance of the weed or the unique color of the flower such as yellow, red, purple, violet, and/or whitd. Among the weed, some weed names were personified as humans or degraded. Clown, Gisaeng, dwarf, fool are the human related subjects and designations as daughter-in-law. Then, some weeds contain the words ‘me too’ or ‘you too’ based on similarity.

경기 남부지역 논잡초 발생분포 및 군락변화

박중수,원태진,노안성,장재은,김희동 한국잔디학회 2014 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.2

Survey was carried out in paddy fields to investigate the dominance of weed species and weed occurrence on 200fields of southern Gyeonggi region in Korea during the year 2013. We observed 3 species of grass, 5 species of sedge, and 11species of broadleaf and other weeds. The most dominant weed species was Eleocharis kuroguwai, followed by Echinochloacrus-galli, Sagittaria trifolia, Monochoria vaginalis, Scirpus juncoides and Bidens tripartita. The dominance value of E. kuroguwai and B. tripartita decreased compared to the survey results performed in 2005 but that of M. vaginalis, S. juncoides, S. trifolia and E. crus-galli increased. Weed occurrence increased from 2.83 g in 2005 to 3.51 g in 2013 based on weed dry weightper m2. Occurrence ratio of annual weeds to perennial weeds changed from 45.2% : 54.8% in 2005 to 45.8% : 54.2% in 2013. Ifwe analyze dominance of weed species based on the rice transplanting timing, E. kuroguwai and E. crus-galli were the mostdominant weed species at mid-May transplanting, and M. vaginalis and S. juncoides were the most dominant weed species at late-May transplanting, and M. vaginalis and E. kuroguwai were the most dominant weed species at early-June transplanting. Sincepaddy weeds resistant to sulfonylurea herbicides are expected to be continuously increased, the regular monitoring of theiroccurrence and efficient control methods should be considered in future. 2013년에 경기 남부지역 벼 재배면적 64.9천ha를 대상으로 약 325 ha당 1점씩을 기준으로 하여 200개 지점에서답유형, 이앙시기, 농업지대 등으로 구분하여 논잡초 분포를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 발생 논잡초 초종은 화본과 3종, 사초과 5종, 광엽 및 기타 잡초가 11종 등 총 19종으로 2005년 17종에 비해 2종이 증가하였다. 논잡초의우점도는 올방개> 피> 벗풀> 물달개비> 올챙이고랭이>가막사리> 순이었으며, 2005년 대비 올방개(30→21%), 가막사리(10→6%)는 감소하였고, 물달개비(815%), 올챙이고랭이(2→9%), 벗풀(14→16%), 피(16→18%)는 증가하였다. m-2 당 논잡초 발생량은 2005년 2.83 g 에서 2013년에는3.51 g으로 0.68 g 증가하였다. 일년생과 다년생잡초의 생활형 비율은 2005년 각각 45.2%: 54.8%에서 2013년에는각각 45.8%: 54.2%로 나타났다. 논유형별 논잡초 발생분포는 보통답, 습답, 사질답에서 올방개, 염해답에서는 새섬매자기가 최우점 잡초로 나타났다. 이앙기별 논잡초 발생분포는 5월 중순은 올방개, 피, 5월 하순은 물달개비, 올챙이고랭이, 6월 상순은 물달개비, 올방개가 우점하였다. 경운방법별 논잡초 발생분포는 추경은 올방개, 피, 춘경은올방개, 벗풀이 우점하였으며, 농업지대별 논잡초 발생분포는 남부평야는 올방개, 피, 서부해안은 물달개비, 가막사리, 동부내륙은 올방개, 벗풀이 우점하였다. 농가의 제초제 처리횟수는 2회 이상이 96%로 2005년 62%에 비해크게 증가하였으며, 적기처리 농가는 89%로 2005년 86%에 비해 소폭 증가하였다. 앞으로 전국적으로 문제가 되고 있는 물달개비, 올챙이고랭이 등 SU계 제초제 저항성논잡초의 발생 증가가 예상되므로 주기적인 논잡초 발생모니터링과 아울러 효율적인 방제방법에 대한 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각되었다.

Competition of sorghum cultivars and densities with Japanese millet (Echinochloa esculenta)

Wu, Hanwen,Walker, Steven R.,Osten, Vikki A.,Robinson, Geoff The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2010 Weed Biology and Management Vol.10 No.3

Field studies were conducted at two locations in southern Queensland, Australia during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 growing seasons to determine the differential competitiveness of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivars and crop densities against weeds and the sorghum yield loss due to weeds. Weed competition was investigated by growing sorghum in the presence or absence of a model grass weed, Japanese millet (Echinochloa esculenta). The correlation analyses showed that the early growth traits (height, shoot biomass, and daily growth rate of the shoot biomass) of sorghum adversely affected the height, biomass, and seed production of millet, as measured at maturity. "MR Goldrush" and "Bonus MR" were the most competitive cultivars, resulting in reduced weed biomass, weed density, and weed seed production. The density of sorghum also had a significant effect on the crop's ability to compete with millet. When compared to the density of 4.5 plants per $m^2$, sorghum that was planted at 7.5 plants per $m^2$ suppressed the density, biomass, and seed production of millet by 22%, 27% and 38%, respectively. Millet caused a significant yield loss in comparison with the weed-free plots. The combined weed-suppressive effects of the competitive cultivars, such as MR Goldrush, and high crop densities minimized the yield losses from the weeds. These results indicate that sorghum competition against grass weeds can be improved by choosing competitive cultivars and by using a high crop density of >7.5 plants per $m^2$. These non-chemical options should be included in an integrated weed management program for better weed management, particularly where the control options are limited by the evolution of herbicide resistance.

Effects of the relative time of emergence and the density of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) on corn (Zea mays) yield

Sarabi, Vahid,Mahallati, Mehdi Nassiri,Nezami, Ahmad,Mohassel, Mohammad Hasan Rashed The Korean Society of Weed Science and The Turfgra 2011 Weed Biology and Management Vol.11 No.3

Common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) is one of the world's worst weeds. In order to study the competitive potential of single-cross 704 corn (Zea mays) in competition with common lambsquarters at different relative times of emergence and density levels of the weed, an experiment was conducted in 2006 at the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. This experiment was designed as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The emergence time of the weed was considered at three levels (7 days and 14 days earlier than corn and simultaneously with corn) as the main plot, while the density of the weed was considered at six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 plants per $m^2$) as the subplot. The results showed a decrease in the grain yield and biomass of corn, as the emergence time of corn was delayed in comparison with the weed in a way that the maximum reduction was observed at the earlier emergence of the weed, compared to corn, and also at a high density of the weed. As the weed emerged earlier than corn, the rate of yield loss resulting from the first flush of weeds was not that high. However, with every few days that the weed emerged earlier than corn, the rate of yield loss became higher as the density of the weed increased to its maximum. The maximum reduction in the yield components was observed at 14 days earlier emergence of the weed, compared to corn, and at high densities, as the corn plants were overshadowed by the weed canopy and no ear was produced.

전국 풀베기사업 현황분석 및 연차별 조림목 생장 연구

박병배,서정민,한시호,윤우빈,정연국,남궁보선,이상직,이상익 한국산림과학회 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.2

Weeding refers to the process of removing weeds around crop trees, which cause competition in nutrients, moisture, and light, and has a great effect on the early growth and survival of crop trees for establishing forest resources. This study was conducted to find out the timing and method of weeding that is the most suitable for the major afforestation species in national forests. We investigated (1) weeding time and frequency for each afforestation species and (2) the height of crop trees and the length of weeds. Up to 99% weeding operation was carried out until 5 years following afforestation. Pinus densiflora, Larix kaempferi, Chamaecyparis obtusa, Prunus sargentii, and Betula platyphylla plantations accounted for more than 70% of the total weeding sites. Once-a-year weeding process was conducted from late June to late July (67%), and twice-a-year weeding process was the highest in June–August by 31%. Most species were shorter than the weeds until the first and second year of planting, but the height of the crop trees was higher than that of the weeds by 48% in average from the third year. Therefore, from the third year of afforestation, except for some species, it is possible to reduce the cost of weeding operations while reducing nutrient competition by the weeds through the removal of weed sprouts, mainly woody weeds, rather than clear cutting. This study contributes to efficiently develop forest resource establishment while reducing operational costs through a detailed weeding schedule and species-specific method. 풀베기작업은 양분, 수분, 광량의 경쟁을 유발시키는 조림목 주변의 잡초목을 제거하는 작업으로, 조림 수종의 활착 및 초기 생장에 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 주요 조림 수종에 적합한 풀베기 시기와 방법을 알아보기 위하여 전국 국유림을 대상으로 조림수종별 풀베기 시기 및 횟수, 조림목의 수고와 잡초목의 길이를 분석하였다. 조림 후 5년 내의 조림지에서 풀베기사업의 99%가 이뤄지고 있었으며, 소나무, 낙엽송, 편백, 산벚나무, 자작나무 조림지가 풀베기 전체 대상지중 70% 이상을 차지하였다. 연 1회 풀베기사업은 6월 하순부터 7월 하순까지 67% 실시되었고, 연 2회 풀베기는 6월과 8 월이 31%로 가장 높았다. 일부 수종을 제외한 대부분의 수종이 조림 당년과 2년 후까지 잡초목에 비해 수고가 낮았지만, 조림 3년 후부터 잡초목의 길이보다 조림목의 수고가 평균 48% 더 높았다. 따라서, 대부분의 수종은 조림 3년 후부터 모두베기 방식의 풀베기보다는 조림목과 경쟁하는 목본류 위주의 제거작업을 통해 잡초목과의 경쟁을 감소시키고, 작업자의작업량 또한 줄일 수 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 각 지역에 적합한 수종별 풀베기사업 일정과 방법을 반영한다면 효율적인 산림자원육성이 가능함을 제안하고 있다.

조 재배 시 피복비닐 제거시기에 따른 잡초발생과 조의 생육 및 수량 변화

황재복,박태선,최영대 한국잔디학회 2016 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.5 No.4

Weeding measures is an important issue for cereal crop because weed is superior to crops in early growth stage and there are not many herbicides applicable to cereal crop. Since the concern about well-being and eco-environmental products are increasing, cultivation with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is needed. Five treatments included as weed-free, control (not remove weed) and covering with polyvinyl chloride removed 20, 30, 40 DAS (day after seeding). At removing PVC, plant height did not differ depending on the growth stage. However, weed-free plot by weed competition were somewhat short. And, removing PVC accelerated the earlier by 2-3 day than weed-free plot. Soil moisture which removed from the control was higher than 20, 30, 40 DAS and weed-free, and it was kept low by evaporation. The chlorophyll meter of weed-free plot was 34.3, 30 DAS was 40.6 at heading time. Weed-free showed that increased in weed population 300.8 g m−2. Weed control value of 20 DAS, 30 DAS, 40 DAS were 86.5%, 84.0% and 74.8%, respectively. In 30 DAS, yield of foxtail millet according to treatment of removing PVC were 355 kg 10 a−1. At weed competition early in 30 DAS, the removing PVC was good for control. Thus, 30 DAS was judged to be suitable. 조의 피복비닐의 적정 제거시기를 구명하고자 조 생육특성과 잡초방제에 미치는 효과는 다음과 같다. 표토관리별조의 초장은 파종 후 30일에 피복비닐을 한 관행구가 75.2 cm 이었으며, 무처리구가 57.5 cm로 초기생육에서는 피복비닐처리구가 초기 지온과 수분의 영향으로 양호하였다. 조의출수기는 피복비닐을 제거한 구가 무처리구보다 2-3일 정도 빨랐다. 표토관리별 토양수분 함량은 파종 후 20일과 30 일에 피복비닐을 제거한 구, 그리고 무처리구가 피복비닐을제거하지 않은 파종 후 40일구와 대조구에 비해 높았다. 표토관리별 잡초발생량은 피복비닐을 파종 후 20일, 30일에 제거한 구에서 각각 86.5%, 84.0% 정도로 방제효과가 있었다. 수량은 파종 후 30일에 피복비닐을 제거한 구가 355 kg 10 a−1로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 파종 후 20일 순이었으며, 대조구는 도복에 의한 수량 감소로 275 kg 10 a−1이었다. 조재배 시 피복비닐의 제거시기는 파종 후 30일이 수량이 가장 높은 것으로 보아 가장 적절한 것으로 판단되었다.

Weed Population Dynamics under Climatic Change

Md. Shahidul Haque Bir,엄민용,Md. Romij Uddin,박태선,강항원,김도순,박기웅 한국잔디학회 2014 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.3 No.3

This paper provides some of the scientific background on how projected environmental conditions could affectweeds and weed management in crops. Elevated CO2 levels may have positive effects on crop competitiveness with C4 weeds, butthese are generally outnumbered by C3 species in weed populations. Moreover, higher temperatures and drought will favor C4 overC3 plants. The implementation of climate change adaptation technologies, such as drought-tolerant germplasm and water-savingirrigation regimes, will have consequences for crop–weed competition. Rainfed production systems are thought to be mostvulnerable to the direct effects of climate change and are likely to face increased competition from C4 and parasitic weeds. Bioticstress-tolerant crop cultivars to be developed for these systems should encompass weed competitiveness and parasitic-weedresistance. In irrigated systems, indirect effects will be more important and weed management strategies should be diversified tolessen dependency on herbicides and mechanical control, and be targeted to perennial rhizomatous (C3) weeds. Water-savingproduction methods that replace a weed-suppressive floodwater layer by intermittent or continuous periods of aerobic conditionsnecessitate additional weed management strategies to address the inherent increases in weed competition. Thus, climaticconditions have a great effect on weed population dynamics all over the world.

금강과 삽교천 유역에 발생하는 잡초 종과 분포

최봉수(Bongsu Choi),송득영(Duk Young Song),노재환(Jae Hwan Roh),이철원(Chul Won Lee) 韓國雜草學會 2009 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.29 No.4

충남지역의 하천변에서 실시한 잡초조사에서 총46과 206종의 잡초를 확인하였으며, 국화과 잡초가 35종으로 발생종이 가장 많았으며 그 다음으로 벼과 28종, 마디풀과 17종, 콩과 14종순으로 높았다. 그 중 국화과를 비롯한 광엽잡초류는 전체 발생잡초(205종) 중 166종으로 81.0%를 차지했으며, 벼과류는 28종으로 13.7%, 사초과류는 11종으로 5.4%로 나타났다. 하천별 발생잡초는 금강으로 유입하는 하천에서 42과 168종이었고, 삽교천으로 유입하는 하천에서 36과 128종, 서해안으로 유입하는 하천에서 42과 150종이었다. 확인한 잡초를 생활사별로 분류하면 일년생 잡초는 90종, 다년생은 75종, 월년생은 40종이었다. 이 지역에서 외래잡초는 17과 54종을 확인하여 전체 발생잡초 205종의 1/4(26%) 수준이엇으며, 국화과가 15종으로 가장 많았고, 콩과 5종, 명아주과 4종순으로 발생종이 많았다. 이들 외래잡초는 금강으로 유입하는 하천에서 44종, 삽교천으로 유입하는 하천에서 31종, 서해안으로 유입하는 하천에서 34종이 확인되었다. 외래잡초 중 소리쟁이, 토끼풀, 망초, 방가지똥, 달맞이꽃은 발생빈도가 80%를 넘는 것으로 나타났다. The weed survey was conducted in the basin of the Geum and Sabgyo Rivers, Chungcheongnam-do. Weed species identified in the survey area were totally 205 species of 46 families, including Asteraceae of 35 species, Poaceae of 28 species, Polygonaceae of 17 species and Fabaceae of 14 species The total annual growth weed found 90 species while perennial and biennial weeds were 75 and 40 species, respectively in terms of life cycle of weeds. The weed species were from found in 168, 128 and 150 species in the Geum and Sabgyo Rivers, and other streams, respectively. In the studied sites, 54 exotic weed species of 17 families were found including Asteracea of 15 species, Fabaceae of 5 species, and Chenopodiaceae of 4 species. The exotic weed species were found in 44, 31 and 34 species in the Geum and Sabgyo Rivers, and other streams, respectively. The dominant weeds of occurrence frequency in the studied sites were Acalypha australis L., Artemisia princeps Pamp., Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel., Rumex cripus L. and Lactuca indica var. laciniata, while exotic weeds were Rumex crispus L., Trifolium repens L., Sonchus oleraceus L., Oenothera biennis L. and Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.