영농형 태양광 발전 솔라쉐어링에 따른 하부 일사량 변화의 해석 및 분석

이상익 ( Lee Sang-ik ),최진용 ( Choi Jin-yong ),성승준 ( Sung Seung-joon ),이승재 ( Lee Seung-jae ),이지민 ( Lee Jimin ),최원 ( Choi Won ) 한국농공학회 2020 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.62 No.5

Solar-sharing, which is an agricultural photovoltaic system installing solar panels on the upper part of crop growing field, has especially drawn attention. Because paddy fields for cultivating crops are large flat areas, there have been various attempts to utilize solar energy for solar photovoltaic as well as growth of crops in agriculture. Solar-sharing was first proposed in Japan, and has been actively studied for optimization and practical uses. The domestic climate differs from the climate conditions in which the solar-sharing has been widely studied, therefore, it is required to develop the solar-sharing technology suitable for the domestic climate. In this study, a simulation model was developed to analyze the change of solar radiation resulted from the solar-sharing installation. Monthly solar illumination intensity and the change of illumination intensity according to the various conditions of solar panel installation were simulated. The results of monthly illumination analysis differed by altitude of the sun, which was related to season. In addition, it was analyzed that the monthly illumination decreased by up to 42% due to solar-sharing. Accordingly, it is recommended that solar-sharing should be installed as a way to maximize the efficiency of solar photovoltaic system while minimizing the decrease in solar radiation reaching the crops.

모듈 형태별 태양광 발전 비교 실증 분석

박재환,박준훈 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2016 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.6 No.11

Solar power generation has been a renewable energy that have large electric capacity and long life spans. There are different kinds depending on the form and function of solar module and the characteristics of the types are different. In this study, the electrical efficiency of several photovoltaic modules (crystalline solar-cell and thin-film solar-cell) under different driving condition (fixed and tracking) was studied. The maximum electrical power output of modules were 107% (crystalline solar-cell / tracking), 107% (crystalline solar-cell / fixed), and 72% (thin-film solar-cell / fixed). The electric power generation time of modules were 7.8h (crystalline solar-cell / tracking), 4.2h (thin-film solar-cell / fixed), and 6.3h (crystalline solar-cell / fixed). The overall electric performance of the thin film module was rather low, which could be attributed to the efficiency degradation after module fabrication. Electric power generation reaches from Mar. to Apr. when the solar radiation is quite enough and the ambient temperature is rather low. 태양광발전은 수명이 길고 발전용량이 큰 신재생에너지이다. 태양전지 모듈은 형태와 기능에 따라 다양한 종류가 있으며, 각각의 발전 특성이 다르다. 본 연구에서는 태양전지 모듈의 종류 (결정질, 박막) 및 구동방식 (추적식, 고정식)의 변화에 따른 발전 특성을 조사하였다. 시설용량 대비 최대 순간 발전량은 결정질 Si (양축식) 107%, 결정질 Si (고정식) 107%, 박막 Si (고정식) 72%로 나타났다. 일일 최대 발전시간은 결정질 Si (양축식) 7.8시간, 박막 Si (고정식) 4.2시간, 결정질 Si (고정식) 6.3시간으로 나타났다. 전체적으로 박막 모듈의 발전 성능이 떨어지는 것은 박막 모듈 제조 이후 시간경과에 따른 효율 저하율이 크기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 태양광 추적형 (양축식) 모듈은 시스템이 복잡한 단점이 있으나, 고정식 모듈에 비하여 24% 정도 더 우수한 발전량을 나타내었다. 태양광 발전이 최대가 되는 시기는 3~4월이며, 이는 일사량이 어느 정도 보장되면서 외기 온도가 낮은 기후적 특성에 기인하는 것으로 보인다.

연구논문 : 태양에너지 활용 의복의 개발 현황 고찰 및 의복 설계를 위한 기초 연구

정연희 ( Yeon Hee Jeong ) 한국의류산업학회 2011 한국의류산업학회지 Vol.13 No.5

A solar jacket, which utilizes solar energy for generating electricity, is an example of clothing developed by the fusion of multiple technologies; such fusion of technologies can lead to further developments in the clothing industry and other industries in general. Many research institutes and garment manufacturing companies in Europe and America are developing solar garments; various solar-based products manufactured using solar cells, photovoltaic batteries, etc. are being sold at high prices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the development status of solar garments and their application for generating photovoltaic energy; the study also identified the type of design and upper body clothing preferred by Korean in their early 20s. The survey participants were 188 university students aged between 20 and 25. The design of the proposed six types of solar clothing was evaluated and rated; they were then ranked on the basis of the ratings. A survey on the management of solar garments was conducted, and ratings were assigned according to a 5-point Likert scale, with 5 indicating the strong affirmation. The survey results showed that among the six types of clothing, protective clothing (50%) and sportswear (22%) were more preferable than the others (working clothes (16%), casual clothes (3%), everyday wear(6%), and suits(1%)). Among the six proposed designs, the jumper design (22%) and jean jacket design (21%) were preferred over the others (casual jacket (19%), casual jacket 1 (15%), classic suit (14%), and climbing jacket (9%)). Factorial analysis of the management of solar garments revealed that the most important factors were the properties of the solar cell and time required for battery charging, and the second important factors were clothing weight and comfort.

고립원격지 동굴 전원용 태양광발전 광 추적 시스템

서오지 ( Oh Ji Suh ),소대화 ( Dea Wha Soh ) 한국동굴학회 2008 동굴 Vol.89 No.-

Solar energy is most green and clean, unlimited and sustainable energy source on the earth. It is almost 97% of imported consumer energy in Korea. Because of resource poor nation, it is necessary to do their best to make alternative energy to allot their deficiency of the matter in hand of energy resources of petroleum. In a point of view of this problems, the natural solar energy should be improved by any methods as much, possible as we need. Photovoltaic generation with solar tracking system for obtaining optimal power is one of most benefit equipment to improve power of solar-cell panel producing clean electric power efficiently. Solar tracker is a device for orienting a solar photovoltaic panel toward the sun perpendicularly to sunlight, especially in widely separated place. For this reason, we are very interested in developing the equipment system of tracker, specially in solar cell applications, obtaining a high degree of accuracy to ensure that the optimal sunlight could be directed precisely against to the powered device. As a result, it was obtained of 12.46 volts at 90° toward solar panel and 9.44 volts at 45°, furthermore, improved efficiency more than 30% of average output voltage between tracker system (12.41V) and fixed system (8.55V), respectively. It is also very useful for optimum power system of widely separated cave.

녹색친환경 태양광발전 광 추적 시스템

서오지,소대화 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2009 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.28 No.-

Solar energy is most green and clean , unlimited and sustainable energy source on the earth. Because of resource poor and limited , it is necessary to do their best to make alternative energy to allot their deficiency of the matter in hand of energy resources of petroleum. In a point of view of this problems, the natural solar energy should be improved by any methods as much , possible as we need. Photovoltaic generation with solar tracking system for obtaining optimal power is one of most benefit equipment to improve power of solar-cell panel producing clean electric power efficiently. Solar tracker is a device for orienting a solar photovoltaic panel toward the sun perpendicularly to sunlight, especially in widely separated place. For this reason, we are very interested in developing the equipment system of tracker, specially in solar cell applications, obtaining a high degree of accuracy to ensure that the optimal sunlight could be directed precisely against to the powered device. As a result, it was obtained of 12.46 volts at 90° toward solar panel and 9.44 volts at 45°, furthermorc, improved efficiency more than 30% of average output voltage betwecn tracker system (12.41V) and fixcd svstem (8.55V), respectively.

A review on solar photovoltaic-powered thermoelectric coolers, performance enhancements, and recent advances

Kaiprath Jayadeep,V. V. Kishor Kumar 대한설비공학회 2023 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.31 No.1

The average global temperature has increased by approximately 0.7 °C since the last century. If the current trend continues, the temperature may further increase by 1.4 – 4.5 °C until 2100. It is estimated that air-conditioning and refrigeration systems contribute about 15% of world electrical energy demand. The rapid depletion of non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels and the associated emissions lead to the development of alternative solutions which employ renewable energy resources for refrigeration. The conventional vapour compression (VC) and vapour absorption (or adsorption) (VA) refrigeration systems usually rely on fossil fuels for their operation which ultimately leads to large amount of CO 2 emissions. Thermoelectric (TE) refrigeration systems working on the principle of Peltier effect are an alternative for the conventional systems. The thermoelectric refrigerators will not produce any noise and vibration due to the absence of any moving parts. They are refrigerant-free as electrons act as heat carriers. The greatest advantage of a TE system is that it can directly be powered by solar photovoltaic (PVs) since they give a DC output. The main drawback of thermoelectric refrigeration system is their low coefficient of performance (COP). The COP of a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) operating with a temperature difference of 20 °C is about 0.5. The improvement of heat transfer at the hot side of the cooler is a key aspect for a better COP. A good thermoelectric material should possess high Seebeck coefficient, low-thermal conductivity, and high electrical conductivity. Since these three are interrelated, these parameters must be optimized. It is important to reduce the electric contact and thermal resistances and get an optimized configuration of thermoelectric cooler. The recent developments in material science has enabled the usage of better thermoelectric materials with a positive Thomson coefficient to produce a better cooling performance. The total efficiency of a TEC powered by solar cell is the product of PV system efficiency and the COP of the cooler. Therefore, the enhancement of PV system efficiency and the selection of materials with better thermoelectric performance are important in the design of solar-powered thermoelectric cooler. The performance of solar cell-powered TEC depends on solar insolation which varies with weather, climate, and geographic location. Due to the variation in insolation and unavailability of solar power in the night, a battery must be used to store the energy. This paper presents a comprehensive review about the thermoelectric coolers and the dependance of performance of TECs on various operating and design parameters. The results reported for the performance improvement of solar PV-powered thermoelectric coolers were critically analysed.

염료감응 태양전지

박남규 한국공업화학회 2004 공업화학 Vol.15 No.3

빛에너지를 전기에너지로 직접 변환 시키는 태양전지는 구성하는 물질에 따라 무기물 태양전지와 유기물 태양전지로 나눌 수 있다. 무기물 태양전지는 실리콘, 화합반도체 등의 소재가 pn 접합으로 구성되어 있으며, 유기물 태양전지는 염료분자가 나노결정 입자 표면에 흡착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 염료감응형과 donor-acceptor 특성의 유기(고)분자형으로 나눌 수 있다. 특히 염료감응형 유기태양전지는 높은 에너지변환 효율(약 11%)과 매우 낮은 제조가격 때문에 차세대 태양전지로 각광받고 있다. 본 총설에서는 염료감응 태양전지의 구조 및 작동원리를 설명하고, 최근의 연구개발 및 산업동향을 소개하였다. Solar cells, converting directly light into electricity, can be categorized by materials comprising solar cells: inorganic-type and organic-type solar cells. Inorganic solar cells are composed of inorganic n-type and p-type materials such as silicon and compound semiconductors, where the structure of inorganic solar cell is typically built by pn junction. For the organic solar cells, there are two types: dye-sensitized solar cell and organic donor-acceptor solar cell. Dye-sensitized solar cell, consisting of nanocrystalline oxide film sensitized with dye molecule, redox electrolyte and metal counter electrode, is consideed as alternative to conventional solar cells due to its high solar-to-electricity conversiton efficiency (ca. 11%) and low cost. In this article, the structure, the operation principle and the recent R&D and industrial trends of dye-sensitized solar cells are discussed.

수상 회전식 태양광 발전시설 설치에 따른 농업용 저수지의 수질변화 평가

이인주(Inju Lee),주진철(Jin Chul Joo),이창신(Chang Sin Lee),김가영(Ga Yeong Kim),우도영(Do Young Woo),김재학(Jae Hak Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2017 대한환경공학회지 Vol.39 No.5

본 연구는 수상 태양광 발전시설의 설치로 인한 농업용 저수지의 수질변화를 평가하기 위해 경기도 안성시 금광저수지에 위치한 수상 회전식 태양광 발전시설에서 발전시설 설치에 따른 차광구역 6지점과 비차광구역 4지점을 선정하여 1년 동안 총 16회에 걸쳐 차광으로 인한 수질변화를 시간과 수심 별로 분석하였다. 이를 위해 수온, pH, DO, Chl-a, BGA 항목을 0.3 m, 1 m, 3 m, 5 m의 수심별로 측정하고, 표층의 시료를 채수하여 COD, TN, TP 항목을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 금광저수지 내 10곳의 측정지점 간의 관측된 전 수질항목에서 차이는 유의확률(p - value) 0.05 이상으로 유의수준(α=0.05)에서 서로 다르지 않다고 통계학적으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 측정지점을 차광구역(site 1~6)과 비차광구역(site 7~10)으로 그룹화 후 시간 및 수심에 따른 변화를 확인하였다. 차광구역과 비차광구역 간의 수온, pH, DO, COD, TN, TP, Chl-a, BGA의 계절 및 수심에 따른 차이는 유의한 수준에서 통계학적으로 다르지 않았다(p > 0.05). Chl-a와 BGA의 경우, 7월에 비차광구역보다 차광구역에서 일부 높은 농도가 관측되었으나 이는 기록적인 가뭄과 낮은 저수량, 발전시설 구조물에 부착된 부착조류의 과다성장으로 인한 일시적 현상으로 전체 수질은 통계학적으로 유의할 만한 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 수상 회전식 태양광 발전시설의 설치로 인한 저수지 수면의 차광이 전체 수면적 대비 0.5% 미만으로 일사량 유입 감소효과는 취송 및 방류를 통한 저수지 수체의 혼합 효과 대비 미미했기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 향후, 수상 태양광 발전시설 설치로 인한 수질변화를 면밀히 연구하기 위해서는 보다 넓은 면적의 태양광 발전시설의 설치로 인한 차광과 함께 장기적인 수질 및 수생태계 관측이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. To evaluate the water quality changes in agricultural reservoir covered with floating photovoltaic solar-tracking systems, the water quality variations with time and depth were monitored on both six sites for light blocking zones and four sites for light penetration zones after the installation of floating photovoltaic solar-tracking systems in Geumgwang reservoir at Anseong-si, Kyeonggi province. For one year with 16 monitoring events, water quality parameters [i.e., water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and blue-green algae (BGA)] were monitored at depths of 0.3 m, 1 m, 3 m, and 5 m, while chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were monitored at depths of 0.3 m. Statistically, the difference in all water quality parameters was not significantly different (p > 0.05) at the level of significance of 0.05. Based on these results, the water quality data from light blocking zones (site 1~6) and light penetration zones (site 7~10) were clustered, and were compared with time and depth. As a result, the difference in water temperature, pH, DO, COD, TN, TP, Chl-a, and BGA between light blocking zones and light penetration zones was not significant (p > 0.05) with different time and depth. For Chl-a and BGA, some data from light blocking zones greater than light penetration zones were temporary observed due to the severe drought, low water storage rate, and over growth of periphyton. However, this temporal phenomenon did not impact the water quality. Considering the small water surface area (≤0.5%) covered by floating photovoltaic solar-tracking systems, the mixing effect of whole Geumgwang reservoir caused by Ekman current and continuous discharge were more dominant than the effect of reduced solar irradiance. Further study is warranted to monitor the changes in water quality and aquatic ecosystems with greater water surface area covered by floating photovoltaic solar-tracking systems for a long time.

해상과 지상 태양광 발전 경제성 비교에 관한 연구

황규원(Kyu-Won Hwang),이문숙(Moon Suk Lee),이철용(Chul-Yong Lee) 한국신재생에너지학회 2024 신재생에너지 Vol.20 No.1

The rapid expansion of industrialization and population growth worldwide has led to a significant surge in energy demand, perpetuating heavy reliance on finite fossil fuel reserves. Although prevailing policies primarily target ground-mounted solar photovoltaics, there is a noticeable increase in the adoption of floating solar power generation systems on water surfaces. Nonetheless, adequate studies and legislative reviews on offshore solar photovoltaics in Korea are lacking. The absence of well-defined criteria for the economic analysis of floating solar photovoltaics presents hurdles to their economic feasibility. This study conducted a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis of offshore photovoltaics to evaluate their economic viability and compared four types of solar photovoltaics based on the operating area and technology: ground-mounted, floating on inland water, pontoon-based offshore, and flexible system offshore. Perspectives from both central and local government entities, emphasizing social aspects, as well as inputs from private companies with a financial focus were considered. The findings revealed variations in economic viability depending on the operating area and technology employed. This study aims to contribute to the advancement of market maturity and technology within the realm of offshore solar photovoltaics.

Numerical Study of Integrated Solar Photovoltaic–Thermal Module with a Refrigeration System for Air-Conditioning and Hot Water Production under the Tropical Climate Conditions of Singapore

Swapnil Dubey,Alison Subiantoro 대한설비공학회 2018 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.26 No.3

Thermal systems of buildings in the tropics are highly energy intensive. In this study, a novel integrated solar photovoltaic–thermal–refrigeration (PVTR) system used to produce hot water and air-conditioning in the tropical climate conditions of Singapore was analyzed. A dynamic simulation model was formulated for the analysis. Mathematical models were developed for the PV sandwich attached with a solar flat plate collector and for the main components of the refrigeration system. Thorough investigation of the electrical and thermal performances of the system were conducted through the analysis of coefficient of performance (COP), cooling capacity, water temperature and heat capacity in water heater, photovoltaic (PV) module temperature and PV efficiency. The results show that attractive electrical and thermal performance can be achieved with a maximum annual cooling COP of 9.8 and a heating COP of 11.3. The PV efficiency and power saving were 14% and 53%, respectively. The annual cooling, heating and PV energy produced were 9.7, 15.6 and 1.6MWh, respectively. The financial payback period of the system was 3.2 years and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction annually was 12.6 tons of CO2 equivalents (tCO2e).