Development of new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology

Song, Si Yeol,Ahn, Seung Do,Chung, Weon Kuu,Shin, Kyung Hwan,Choi, Eun Kyung,Cho, Kwan Ho The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To develop new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology (KOSRO) to collect and extract medical data in radiation oncology more efficiently. Materials and Methods: The statistical program is a web-based program. The directory was placed in a sub-folder of the homepage of KOSRO and its web address is http://www.kosro.or.kr/asda. The operating systems server is Linux and the webserver is the Apache HTTP server. For database (DB) server, MySQL is adopted and dedicated scripting language is the PHP. Each ID and password are controlled independently and all screen pages for data input or analysis are made to be friendly to users. Scroll-down menu is actively used for the convenience of user and the consistence of data analysis. Results: Year of data is one of top categories and main topics include human resource, equipment, clinical statistics, specialized treatment and research achievement. Each topic or category has several subcategorized topics. Real-time on-line report of analysis is produced immediately after entering each data and the administrator is able to monitor status of data input of each hospital. Backup of data as spread sheets can be accessed by the administrator and be used for academic works by any members of the KOSRO. Conclusion: The new on-line statistical program was developed to collect data from nationwide departments of radiation oncology. Intuitive screen and consistent input structure are expected to promote entering data of member hospitals and annual statistics should be a cornerstone of advance in radiation oncology.

Co-authorship patterns and networks of Korean radiation oncologists

Choi, Jin-Hyun,Kang, Jin-Oh,Park, Seo-Hyun,Kim, Sang-Ki The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: This research aimed to analyze the patterns of co-authorship network among the Korean radiation oncologists and to identify attributing factors for the formation of networks. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,447 articles including contents of ‘Radiation Oncology' and 'Therapeutic Radiology' were searched from the KoreaMed database. The co-authorship was assorted by the author's full name, affiliation and specialties. UCINET 6.0 was used to fi gure out the author's network centrality and the cluster analysis, and KeyPlayer 1.44 program was used to get a result of key player index. Sociogram was analyzed with the Netdraw 2.090. The statistical comparison was performed by a t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 16.0 with p-value < 0.05 as the significant value. Results: The number of articles written by a radiation oncologist as the first author was 1,025 out of 1,447. The pattern of coauthorship was classified into five groups. For articles of which the first author was a radiation oncologist, the number of singleauthor articles (type-A) was 81; single-institution articles (type-B) was 687; and multiple-author articles (type-C) was 257. For the articles which radiation oncologists participated in as a co-author, the number of single-institution articles (type-D) was 280 while multiple-institution articles (type-E) were 142. There were 8,895 authors from 1,366 co-authored articles, thus the average number of authors per article was 6.51. It was 5.73 for type-B, 6.44 for type-C, 7.90 for type-D, and 7.67 for type-E (p = 0.000) in the average number of authors per article. The number of authors for articles from the hospitals published more than 100 articles was 7.23 while form others was 5.94 (p = 0.005). Its number was 5.94 and 7.16 for the articles published before and after 2001 (p = 0.000). The articles written by a radiation oncologist as the first author had 5.92 authors while others for 7.82 (p = 0.025). Its number was 5.57 and 7.71 for the Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and others (p = 0.000), respectively. Among the analysis, a significant difference in the average number of author per article was indicated. The out-degree centrality of network among authors was 4.26% (2.03-7.09%) while in-degree centrality was 1.31% (0.53-2.84%). The three significant nodes were classified and listed as following: Choi, Eun Kyung for 1991-1995, Kim, Dae Young for 1998-2001, Park, Won and Lee, Sang Wook for 2003-2010. Choi, Eun Kyung and Kim, Dae Young appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest degree in centrality. In the key player analysis, Choi, Eun Kyung and Lee, Sang Wook appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest. From the cluster analysis, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul National University and Yonsei University revealed as the three large clusters when Ulsan University, Chonnam National University, and Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science as the medium clusters. Conclusion: The Korean radiation oncologist's society shows a closed network with numerous relationships among the particular clusters, and the result indicates it is different from other institutions in the pattern of co-authorship formation of the major hospitals.

방사선종양학 분야의 연구 네트워크 특성 분석

최진현(Jinhyun Choi),박서현(Seo Hyun Park),강진오(Jin Oh Kang) 대한방사선종양학회 2010 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.28 No.3

목 적: 본 연구는 방사선 종양학과의 학술적 네트워크의 구조적 특성과 네트워크의 형성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 밝히고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: KoreaMed 데이터베이스에서 1986년부터 2010년 4월 30일까지 국내에서 발간된 논문 중 방사선종양학과가 저자와 기관으로 참여한 논문 1,512편을 발표 연도에 따라 구분하여 네트워크 중심성 및 key player 인덱스를 구하여 비교하였다. 네트워크 분석은 UCINET 6.0을 이용하였고 sociogram을 작성하기 위해 Netdraw 2.090을 사용하였으며, key player 분석은 KeyPlayer 1.44 프로그램을 사용하였다. 결 과: 방사선종양학 분야의 네트워크 집중도는 1986∼1990 기간 8.29%에서 2006∼2010 기간 1.84%로 현저하게 낮아졌으나 의학물리학회지를 제외하고 임상분야만을 보면 2001∼2005년 2.32%에서 2006∼2010년 3.80%로 최근 들어 다시 높아졌다. 기관별 중심성 분석에서는 서울대학교가 중심성 7.9%로 가장 높은 지역 중심성을 보이고 있었다. 외향 중심성과 내향 중심성도 모든 기간에 걸쳐 서울대학교가 가장 높았으며(6.50%, 8.54%), 사이 중심성(14.94%)과 위상 중심성(135.234%)도 같은 결과가 나타났다. Key player는 1986∼2010 기간에서 인하대학교로(0.491) 나타났으며 의학물리학회지를 제외하면 연세대학교가 0.584로 가장 높게 나타났다. 결 론: 방사선종양학 분야의 네트워크는 각 연구기관의 참여가 확산되고 네트워크 내에 특정 기관으로의 쏠림 현상이 완화되어 중심성이 낮아진 반면 그룹간 교류는 많지 않다. 방사선종양학 분야의 학술적 발전을 위해서는 연구 그룹간 교류를 개선시킬 수 있는 연구 체계의 제도적 보안이 필요하다. Purpose: To evaluate the structural characteristics of a scientific network of radiation oncology society. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,512 articles published from 1986 to April 2010 with the terms ‘radiation oncology’ or ‘therapeutic radiology’ were obtained in the KoreaMed database. The co-authors were analyzed according to their affiliation, and their relationship was used to build a matrix. With the matrix, centralization indices and the Key Player index were analyzed. We used UCINET 6.0 for the network analysis, Netdraw for determining a sociogram and Key Player 1.44 for the key player analysis. Results: The centralization of the radiation oncology field decreased from 8.29% for the period from 1986∼1990 to 1.84% from 2006∼2010. However, when the Korean Journal of Medical Physics was excluded, centralization increased from 2.32% for the period from 2001∼2005 to 3.80% from 2006∼2010. This suggested that the communication in the clinical research field of radiation oncology is decreasing. In a node centralization analysis, Seoul National University was found to be the highest at 7.9%. Seoul National University showed the highest indices in the Outdegree (6.50%) and Indegree (8.54%), in addition to Betweenness (14.94%) and Eigenvector (135.234%). The Key Player analysis indicated that Inha University had the highest index at 0.491, but when the Korean Journal of Medical Physics was excluded, Yonsei University had the highest Key Player index at 0.584. Conclusion: The degree centrality in the network of radiation oncology decreased in the most recent period as more institutions are participating in network. However, the Betweenness centrality is still increasing, suggesting that the communications among research groups (clique) in radiation oncology is warranted.

21세기 방사선종양학의 전망 : 최근의 진보와 한국에서의 발전

허승재(Seung Jae Huh),박찬일(Charn Il Park) 대한방사선종양학회 2000 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.18 No.3

최근의 방사선치료는 치료의 질을 향상시켜서 치료 후의 삶의 질을 높이는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 국 내에서도 방사선치료 환자와 치료 시설의 빠른 증가로 방사선종양학 분야는 많은 발전이 되고 있으며, 치료기술 또한 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy의 보편화, linac based stereotactic radiosurgery의 활 발한 적용과 intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)의 도입 준비 등 고난도의 치료 기술도입이 시 도되고 있다. 저자는 최근 20년간 한국에서의 방사선 종양학의 발전을 조망하고 최근 발전되는 4차원 적 방사선치료, IMRT의 현황, biological conformality치료의 개념, 항암제와 방사선치료의 병용에 대하여 살펴보고 최근 정보기술 혁명에 따른 인터넷과 방사선종양학 분야의 정보관리 시스템의 중요성 및 원 격진료의 세계적 현황 등에 대해서 알아보고, 21세기 한국에서의 방사선치료의 질을 올리기 위한 방법 들을 제시하였다. 이들은 1) QA (quality assurance) 향상, 2) 공동 프로토콜에 의한 3상 임상 연구의 필 요성, 3) 특정 암에 대한 통일된 치료 프로토콜 또는 가이드라인, 4) 전국적인 방사선종양학 관련 자료의 광역 data base구축과 중요 암에 대한 patterns of care study 등 시행의 필요성이다 The objective of recent radiation therapy is to improve the quality of treatment and the after- treatment quality of life. In Korea, sharing the same objective, significant advancement was made due to the gradual increase of patient number and rapid increase of treatment facilities. The advancement includes generalization of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), application of linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), and furthermore, the introduction of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Authors in this paper prospectively review the followings: the advancement of radiation oncology in Korea, the recent status of four-dimensional radiation therapy, IMRT, the concept of the treatment with biological conformity, the trend of combined chemoradiotherapy, the importance of internet and radiation oncology information management system as influenced by the revolution of information technology, and finally the global trend of telemedicine in radiation oncology. Additionally, we suggest the methods to improve radiotherapy treatment, which include improvement of quality assurance (QA) measures by developing Koreanized QA protocol and system, regional study about clinical protocol development for phase three clinical trial, suggestion of unified treatment protocol and guideline by academic or research societies, domestic generation of treatment equipment's or system, establishment of nationwide data base of radiation-oncology-related information, and finally patterns-of-care study about major cancers.

방사선 종사자 근무 분야별 피폭에 관한 검토

윤철호(Chul-Ho Yoon),윤석환(Seok-Hwan Yoon),최준구(Jun-Gu Choi) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2008 방사선기술과학 Vol.31 No.3

  본 논문은 2006. 1. 1~12. 31(1년)까지 방사선 종사자 근무분야별 피폭에 관하여 서울시내 3차 의료기관인 A, B, C병원의 방사선 분야 종사자 방사선 피폭선량에 대한 분석 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.<BR>  1. 방사선 종사자 근무분야별 피폭은 심혈관조영실이 1.41 mSv로서 제일 많았고, 방사선종양학과는 0.64 mSv로서 제일 낮았다.<BR>  2. 방사선 종사자 근무분야별 피폭선량은 시술건수에 비례하였다.<BR>  3. 방사선 종사자 근무분야별 시술건수 당 피폭선량은 심혈관조영실 근무자가 많았고, 영상의학과 근무자는 적은 것으로 나타났다.<BR>  4. 방사선 종사자 근무분야별 피폭선량 순위는 심혈관조영실, 핵의학과, 영상의학과, 방사선종양학과의 순이었다.<BR>  이상과 같은 결과로 볼 때, 국제방사선방어위원회(ICRP) 권고안 범위이내이므로 병원 방사선 종사자들의 피폭에 따른 유해는 없는 것으로 판단되었다.   Radiation dose to radiologists working at three hospitals in Seoul was investigated from Jan 1, 2006 to Dec. 31, 2006. The results are as follows.<BR>  First, radiation dose to radiologists at a cardiac angiography room was measured as 1.41 mSv, the highest while radiation dose to radiologists at a department of radiation oncology was measured as 0.64 mSv, the lowest.<BR>  Second, radiation dose proves to be in direct proportion to the number of X-ray treatment.<BR>  Third, as for the radiation dose in X-ray treatments, radiologists in cardiac angiography room are exposed to the largest amount of radiation while radiologists in diagnostic radiology department are exposed to the smallest amount of radiation.<BR>  Last, radiation dose at a cardiac angiography room is the largest and is followed by nuclear medicine, diagnostic radiology, and radiation oncology departments in order.<BR>  According to ICRP, exposure less than 20 mSv per year is highly recommended while radiation dose is allowed as long as it is ranged less than 50 mSv per year or 100 mSv within a 5-year period. Taking into account the results, radiation exposure does not do any harm to radiologists at any related departments in Korean hospitals because the dose per year is less than 1.60 mSv.

Development of new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology

Si Yeol Song,MD,PhD,Seung Do Ahn,MD,PhD,Weon Kuu Chung,MD,PhD,Kyung Hwan Shin,MD,PhD,Eun Kyung Choi,MD,PhD,Kwan Ho Cho,MD,PhD 대한방사선종양학회 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To develop new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology (KOSRO) to collect and extract medical data in radiation oncology more efficiently. Materials and Methods: The statistical program is a web-based program. The directory was placed in a sub-folder of the homepage of KOSRO and its web address is http://www.kosro.or.kr/asda. The operating systems server is Linux and the webserver is the Apache HTTP server. For database (DB) server, MySQL is adopted and dedicated scripting language is the PHP. Each ID and password are controlled independently and all screen pages for data input or analysis are made to be friendly to users. Scroll-down menu is actively used for the convenience of user and the consistence of data analysis. Results: Year of data is one of top categories and main topics include human resource, equipment, clinical statistics, specialized treatment and research achievement. Each topic or category has several subcategorized topics. Real-time on-line report of analysis is produced immediately after entering each data and the administrator is able to monitor status of data input of each hospital. Backup of data as spread sheets can be accessed by the administrator and be used for academic works by any members of the KOSRO. Conclusion: The new on-line statistical program was developed to collect data from nationwide departments of radiation oncology. Intuitive screen and consistent input structure are expected to promote entering data of member hospitals and annual statistics should be a cornerstone of advance in radiation oncology.

Co-authorship patterns and networks of Korean radiation oncologists

Jinhyun Choi,Jin Oh Kang,Seo Hyun Park,Sang Ki Kim 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: This research aimed to analyze the patterns of co-authorship network among the Korean radiation oncologists and to identify attributing factors for the formation of networks. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,447 articles including contents of ‘Radiation Oncology’ and ‘Therapeutic Radiology’ were searched from the KoreaMed database. The co-authorship was assorted by the author’s full name, affiliation and specialties. UCINET 6.0 was used to figure out the author’s network centrality and the cluster analysis, and KeyPlayer 1.44 program was used to get a result of key player index. Sociogram was analyzed with the Netdraw 2.090. The statistical comparison was performed by a t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 16.0 with p-value < 0.05 as the signifi cant value. Results: The number of articles written by a radiation oncologist as the first author was 1,025 out of 1,447. The pattern of coauthorship was classified into five groups. For articles of which the first author was a radiation oncologist, the number of singleauthor articles (type-A) was 81; single-institution articles (type-B) was 687; and multiple-author articles (type-C) was 257. For the articles which radiation oncologists participated in as a co-author, the number of single-institution articles (type-D) was 280 while multiple-institution articles (type-E) were 142. There were 8,895 authors from 1,366 co-authored articles, thus the average number of authors per article was 6.51. It was 5.73 for type-B, 6.44 for type-C, 7.90 for type-D, and 7.67 for type-E (p = 0.000) in the average number of authors per article. The number of authors for articles from the hospitals published more than 100 articles was 7.23 while form others was 5.94 (p = 0.005). Its number was 5.94 and 7.16 for the articles published before and after 2001 (p = 0.000). The articles written by a radiation oncologist as the first author had 5.92 authors while others for 7.82 (p = 0.025). Its number was 5.57 and 7.71 for the Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and others (p = 0.000), respectively. Among the analysis, a signifi cant difference in the average number of author per article was indicated. The out-degree centrality of network among authors was 4.26% (2.03–.09%) while in-degree centrality was 1.31% (0.53–.84%). The three signifi cant nodes were classified and listed as following: Choi, Eun Kyung for 1991-1995, Kim, Dae Young for 1998-2001, Park, Won and Lee, Sang Wook for 2003-2010. Choi, Eun Kyung and Kim, Dae Young appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest degree in centrality. In the key player analysis, Choi, Eun Kyung and Lee, Sang Wook appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest. From the cluster analysis, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul National University and Yonsei University revealed as the three large clusters when Ulsan University, Chonnam National University, and Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science as the medium clusters. Conclusion: The Korean radiation oncologist’s society shows a closed network with numerous relationships among the particular clusters, and the result indicates it is different from other institutions in the pattern of co-authorship formation of the major hospitals.

Co-authorship patterns and networks of Korean radiation oncologists

최진현,강진오,박서현,김상기 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.3

Purpose: This research aimed to analyze the patterns of co-authorship network among the Korean radiation oncologists and to identify attributing factors for the formation of networks. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,447 articles including contents of ‘Radiation Oncology’ and ‘Therapeutic Radiology’ were searched from the KoreaMed database. The co-authorship was assorted by the author’s full name, affi liation and specialties. UCINET 6.0 was used to fi gure out the author’s network centrality and the cluster analysis, and KeyPlayer 1.44 program was used to get a result of key player index. Sociogram was analyzed with the Netdraw 2.090. The statistical comparison was performed by a t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 16.0 with p-value < 0.05 as the signifi cant value. Results: The number of articles written by a radiation oncologist as the fi rst author was 1,025 out of 1,447. The pattern of coauthorship was classifi ed into fi ve groups. For articles of which the fi rst author was a radiation oncologist, the number of singleauthor articles (type-A) was 81; single-institution articles (type-B) was 687; and multiple-author articles (type-C) was 257. For the articles which radiation oncologists participated in as a co-author, the number of single-institution articles (type-D) was 280 while multiple-institution articles (type-E) were 142. There were 8,895 authors from 1,366 co-authored articles, thus the average number of authors per article was 6.51. It was 5.73 for type-B, 6.44 for type-C, 7.90 for type-D, and 7.67 for type-E (p = 0.000) in the average number of authors per article. The number of authors for articles from the hospitals published more than 100 articles was 7.23 while form others was 5.94 (p = 0.005). Its number was 5.94 and 7.16 for the articles published before and after 2001 (p = 0.000). The articles written by a radiation oncologist as the fi rst author had 5.92 authors while others for 7.82 (p = 0.025). Its number was 5.57 and 7.71 for the Journal of the Korean Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology and others (p = 0.000), respectively. Among the analysis, a signifi cant difference in the average number of author per article was indicated. The out-degree centrality of network among authors was 4.26% (2.03–7.09%) while in-degree centrality was 1.31% (0.53–2.84%). The three signifi cant nodes were classifi ed and listed as following: Choi, Eun Kyung for 1991-1995, Kim, Dae Young for 1998-2001, Park, Won and Lee, Sang Wook for 2003-2010. Choi, Eun Kyung and Kim, Dae Young appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest degree in centrality. In the key player analysis, Choi, Eun Kyung and Lee, Sang Wook appeared in two cases, and ranked as the highest. From the cluster analysis, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul National University and Yonsei University revealed as the three large clusters when Ulsan University, Chonnam National University, and Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science as the medium clusters. Conclusion: The Korean radiation oncologist’s society shows a closed network with numerous relationships among the particular clusters, and the result indicates it is different from other institutions in the pattern of co-authorship formation of the major hospitals.

Development of new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology

송시열,안승도,정원규,신경환,최은경,조관호 대한방사선종양학회 2015 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To develop new on-line statistical program for the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology (KOSRO) to collect and extract medical data in radiation oncology more efficiently. Materials and Methods: The statistical program is a web-based program. The directory was placed in a sub-folder of the homepage of KOSRO and its web address is http://www.kosro.or.kr/asda. The operating systems server is Linux and the webserver is the Apache HTTP server. For database (DB) server, MySQL is adopted and dedicated scripting language is the PHP. Each ID and password are controlled independently and all screen pages for data input or analysis are made to be friendly to users. Scroll-down menu is actively used for the convenience of user and the consistence of data analysis. Results: Year of data is one of top categories and main topics include human resource, equipment, clinical statistics, specialized treatment and research achievement. Each topic or category has several subcategorized topics. Real-time on-line report of analysis is produced immediately after entering each data and the administrator is able to monitor status of data input of each hospital. Backup of data as spread sheets can be accessed by the administrator and be used for academic works by any members of the KOSRO. Conclusion: The new on-line statistical program was developed to collect data from nationwide departments of radiation oncology. Intuitive screen and consistent input structure are expected to promote entering data of member hospitals and annual statistics should be a cornerstone of advance in radiation oncology.

치료방사선과 의료서비스에 대한 원가산정

신경환(Kyung Hwan Shin),신현수(Hyun Soo Shin),표홍렬(Hong Ryull Pyo),이규찬(Kyu Chan Lee),이윤래(Yoon Tae Lee),명희봉(Hee Bong Myoung),염용권(Yong Kwon Yeom) 대한방사선종양학회 1997 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.15 No.2

목 적 : 치료방사선과 의료서비스에 투입된 자원을 토대로 의료서비스별 원가를 산정하여 적절한 수가수준을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 현행 ‘의료보험요양급여기준 및 진료수가기준(95년 12월판)’을 검토후 적절치 못한 수가항목을 재조정하고 이를 토대로 원가조사표를 개발한 후 40개병원을 대상으로 조사를 실시하여 의뢰하여 적절한 자료가 수집된 24개 병원의 자료를 분석하였다. 원가자료는 1995년도 1년간 발생한 비용자료로서 의료서비스별 원가를 산출후 의료장비의 가동률에 근거한 조정원가를 계산하였다. 현행 보험수가와의 비교를 위하여 3차병원 가산율 30%를 적용한 후 이를 본연구 결과로 산출된 조정원가와 비교하였다. 결 과 : 의료서비스별 추정원가 및 조정원가를 산출한 후 이를 현행 보험수가와 비교한 결과 방사선치료계획의 경우 5.05배-6.58배, 차폐물제작은 2.22배, 체외조사는 1.57배-2.86배, 강내치료 및 조직내치료는 3.82배-5.01배, 전신조사는 1.12배-2.55배씩 조정원가에 비하여 현행 보험수가가 낮은 가격을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 현행 진료수가기준의 진료행위 분류체계는 각진료행위의 원가를 적절히 반영하기에는 부적절하다고 판단되며 전신조사의 경우 적절한 재분류시 약 5배의 수가 차이를 보이는 것으로 생각된다. 결 론 : 치료방사선과의 현행 의료보험수가제도에서의 문제점은 보험수가의 수준이 낮다는 점과 진료행위 분류체계가 부적절하게 되어있다는 점이다. 향후 수가 책정시 이러한 문제점이 적절히 반영, 해결되도록 하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. Purpose : The main purpose of this study is to develop new payment rates for services of Radiation Oncology, considering costs of treating patients. Material and Methods : A survey of forty hospitals has been conducted in order to analyze the costs of treating patients. Before conducting the survey, we evaluated and reclassified the individual service items currently using as payments units on the fee-for-service reimbursement system. This study embodies the analysis of replies received from the twenty four hospitals. The survey contains informations about the hospitals' costs of 1995 for the reclassified service items on Radiation Oncology. After we adjust the hospital costs by the operating rate of medical equipment, we compare the adjusted costs with the current payment rates of individual services. Results : The current payment rates were 5.05-6.58 times lower than the adjusted costs in treatment planning services, 2.22 times lower in block making service, 1.57-2.86 times lower in external beam irradiation services, 3.82-5.01 times lower in intracavitary and interstitial irradiation and 1.12- 2.55 times lower in total body irradiation. Conclusion : We could conclude that the current payment system on Radiation Oncology does not only reflect the costs of treating patients appropriately but also classify the service items correctly. For an example, when the appropriate costs and classification are applied to TBI, the payment rates of TBI should be increased five times more than current level.