국악을 활용한 음악치료 연구 중 음양오행(陰陽五行)관련 연구 성과 검토

조연진 국립국악원 2011 국악원논문집 Vol.24 No.-

Oriental medicine has used Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory to explain physiological and pathological changes in the human body. Therefore this study examines how the authors of seven theses and dissertations have aplied Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory and Korean traditional music to music therapy. Many music therapy research projects have been published in the literature on neuroscience, psychology, geriatrics and children with disabilities. However, few studies have used Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory with Korean traditional music. The authors of these studies, unfortunately, are rarely music therapists. It is important to investigate Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory and Korean traditional music from the perspective of music therapy and music therapists. In addition, clinical trials of the use of Korean traditional music in music therapy programs are needed. The analysis of research studies should yield some insight for future directions in the research and aplication of Korean traditional music on the basis of Yin-Yang and Five elements theory. The analysis of studies focused on the background of researchers, study type, research outcome, and composition of music therapy. The results indicated that the majority of researchers do not have degrees in music therapy. In addition, most of the studies that have been done were theoretical, not practical. It was found that listening to music is the most frequently used type of music therapy, and that the criteria for the classification and selection for music were not accurate. Finally, researchers who are familiar with the Yin-Yang and Five Elements theory in music therapy studies have used music as a treatment for symptoms of mental illness or the five viscera. In conclusion, in order for music therapy to be accepted, experimental research must prove its validity. It is important to have diverse music therapy method, a precise standard of selection for music is necessary and it has to be more informed about Korean traditional music and traditional instruments. 본 연구는 2000년부터 2010까지 발표된 국악을 소재로 한 음악치료 연구 중 음양오행(陰陽五行)을 적용한 연구 성과들을 살펴본 논문이다. 음양오행은 동양의학에서 인체의 생리적, 병리적 변화를 인식하고 설명하는데 이용되어왔다. 이 연구에서는 학위논문을 중심으로 연구내용 검토와 분석을 통해 연구자들이 음양오행의 이론과 국악을 음악치료에 어떻게 활용했는지 알아본 후 각 연구들에 대한 비평과 제안을 함께 전개하였다. 음악치료 연구들은 신경과학, 심리, 노인, 장애 아동 등 다양한 영역에 걸쳐 연구되었다. 그러나 연구 소재에 있어서 음양오행과 국악을 사용하여 연구가 이루어진 경우는 지극히 적은 편이다. 이 연구를 위해 조사된 분석대상 논문들의 연구자들도 대부분 음악치료 전공자들은 아니다. 본고에서 음양오행이론을 국악과 접목시켜 임상과 연구에 적용한 예를 음악 치료적 관점에서 살펴보는 일은 향후 음악치료 프로그램 개발에 국악을 이용하기 위해서도 필요한 연구과제이다. 따라서 연구 내용 분석을 통해 나타난 문제점과 해결방안을 제시하고 음양오행이론에 사용된 국악 소재를 보다 구체적으로 적용하기 위한 활용방안과 연구에 대한 미래의 방향성을 제안해 보고자 하였다. 선정된 자료들은 연구자의 배경, 연구형태, 연구내용과 음악치료 구성에 따라 분석하였다. 연구 분석 결과 다음과 같은 점을 알 수 있었다. 연구자의 배경은 음악치료 배경보다는 음악교육이나 대체의학과 같이 음악치료 외의 배경이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 연구형태는 가능성에 대한 이론제시 연구가 많았다. 음악 치료 방법에 있어서는 대부분 음악 감상에 의존하고 있다. 또한 음악분류나 선곡에 대한 기준이 정확하지 않다. 마지막으로, 음양오행이론을 음악치료의 근거로 삼은 연구자들은 병증치료를 위한 목적으로 음악을 사용하고 있었다. 위와 같은 특징들을 볼 때 앞으로의 연구에서는 몇 가지 점들을 고려해 볼 수 있다. 먼저, 치료로 인정을 받기 위해서는 타당성을 입증할 수 있는 실험 연구가 많이 이루어져야 한다. 음악적인 면에서는 음악 감상에 편중된 음악치료 방법에서 벗어나 다양한 음악치료 활동을 연구하고 음악선택과 분류에 있어 정확한 기준을 제시할 필요가 있다. 또한, 국악을 포함하여 음악치료 프로그램에 이용할 수 있는 실용적인 국악기에 대한 정보와 지식도 함께 제공되어야 할 것이다.

음악치료(音樂治療)의 원리(原理)와 체질의학적(體質醫學的) 접근을 위한 검토

이지영,박성식,Lee, Ji-Young,Park, Seong-Sik 사상체질의학회 2006 사상체질의학회지 Vol.18 No.1

1. Objectives The present study purposed to examine the contents and the principles of music therapy according to Oriental medicine theories in order to prove that music therapy is not a new research area but its principle is found in the long tradition of Oriental medicine. 2. Methods We investigate the possibility of music therapy based on Oriental medicine theories and examine the meanings of music therapy from the viewpoint of Oriental medicine. 3. Conclusions and discussions (1) The principles of music therapy are the principle of homogeneity, catharsis and balance. (2) When one’s mind changes, there are naturally occurred sounds, which are called Oseong (五聲: the oriental five voices exhalation, laughing, singing, wailing and groaning), and the notes defined by arranging the Oseong according to the principle of Ohaeng (五行: the oriental five phases wood, fire, earth, metal, water) are Oheum (五音: the oriental five musical notes Gakeum, Chieum, Gungeum, Sangeum and Wooeum.). If Eum (musical notes) is classified into Ohaeng, it can be divided into Gakeum, Chieum, Gungeum, Sangeum and Wooeum. (3) Change of Sinji (神志: consciousness) induces change of Gigi (氣機: function of Gi), which can change the character of voices. Oseong controls the functions of Ojang (五臟: the oriental five viscera) by ruling one’s Jeongji (情志: emotion). It can reduce the damage of the viscera caused by excessive vent of emotion resulted from unconscious expression of Oseong - Hoseong (呼聲: exhalation), Soseong (笑聲: laughing), Gaseong (歌聲: singing), Gokseong (哭聲: wailing) and Sinseong (呻聲: groaning). (4) Yijeongseungjeong (以情勝情: Control emotion with emotion) therapies, which suppresses an emotion by stimulating another, include Noseungsabeop (怒勝思法: Control anxiety with anger), Heeseungbibeop (喜勝悲法: Control sorrow with joyfulness), (思勝恐法: Control fear with anxiety), Biseungnobeop (悲勝愁法: Control anger with sorrow) and Gongseungheebeop (恐勝喜法: Control joyfulness with fear). (5) Seongeum (聲音: voices and musical notes) can be applied to a stimulation method that not only harmonizes the rhythm of living organs but also controls the occurrence of diseases caused by mutual Pyeonseongpyeonsoi (偏盛偏衰: relative preponderance and weakness) through direct induction of the strength and weakness of Gi function of the oriental five viscera in a human body according to the individual character. Sounds preferred by the patient, the material of an instrument selected by the patient, the character of rhythm and music expressed by the patient and the sound or voice uttered frequently by the patient can be considered in diagnosis and treatments for the patient’s body and mind.

淸熱音樂療法을 適用하는 韓方音樂治療에 관한 硏究

Lee Seung-hyun(李承鉉),Kim Yeo-jin(金儷眞) 대한한의학원전학회 2009 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study is to introduce heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] as one of the 17 kinds of oriental medicine music therapy. The heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] can be applied to certain types of syndromes. The representative syndromes are flaring-up of the heart Fire[心火], rising of the liver Yang[肝陽], and fidgetiness due to deficiency of Eum(陰, Yin). Metal-Gi[金氣] music and Water-Gi[水氣] music are mainly used in heat-clearing music therapy, The patients with the case of flaring-up of the heart Fire[心火] may listen to Metal-Gi[金氣] music. For the patient with rising of the liver Yang[肝陽], relieving constraint music therapy can be used. In other cases with patients with fidgetiness due to deficiency of Eum, replenishing vital essence music therapy can be used. This study describes the theory of heat-clearing music therapy[淸熱音樂療法] that has a good possibility as a new method of oriental medical treatment.

주의력결핍 과잉행동 장애의 원인(原因) 및 병기(病機)에 따른 한방음악치료의 기법(機法)에 관한 연구

이승현,김여진,Lee, Seung-Hyun,Kim, Yeo-Jin 대한한방소아과학회 2009 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study is to introduce oriental medicine music therapy related to the treatment of ADHD. Methods This study observed ADHD from the oriental medical point of view and tried to treat this disease with the oriental medicine music therapy. Results ADHD is caused by excess of Yang energy, flaming-up of fire, blood deficiency of the heart and the spleen, deficiency of the kidney essence, and instability of emotions. The ADHD patients with the case of excess of Yang energy and flaming-up of fire, patients were played Fire-Gi rhythm as a treatment, and they listened to Metal-Gi music. Whereas, the ADHD patient with blood deficiency of the heart and the spleen, invigoration of vital energy music therapy can be used. Another case of ADHD patients with deficiency of the kidney, Water-Gi rhythm and replenishing vital essence music therapy can be used. According to the patients' seven modes of emotions, the proper music should be chosen. Conclusions Oriental medicine music therapy can be a new type of treatment for ADHD patients.

한방음악치료가 정신적 스트레스를 가한 정상 성인의 심박변이도에 미치는 영향

김진이 ( Jin Yi Kim ),김수정 ( Soo Jung Kim ),서주희 ( Joo Hee Seo ),유춘길 ( Chun Gil Ryu ),윤인애 ( In Ae Yoon ),박은영 ( Eun Young Park ),성우용 ( Woo Yong Sung ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2011 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess effects of oriental medicine music therapy on heart rate variability(HRV) in normal subjects under mental stress. Methods: 34 healthy volunteers(control group:17, experimental group:17) participate in this study. The volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups. After 10-minutes rest period and instrumentation, both groups performed a mental stress test for 12-minutes. HRV was recorded before and after the mental stress. And then the experimental group applied oriental medicine music therapy for 10-minutes. In the control group, they rested for 10-minutes. And HRV was recorded. Results: After giving mental stress stimulation to both groups, LF and LF/HF ratio were significantly increased and HF, mean HRV were decreased. In experimental group, LF, LF/HF ratio were significantly decreased and HF, SDNN were significantly increased after applying oriental medicine music therapy. In control group, LF was significantly decreased. And LF/HF ratio was decreased and HF, SDNN were increased, but it was not significant. Conclusions: This results show that oriental medicine music therapy could be relatively useful to decrease sympathetic activity and prevent the alteration of autonomic nervous system due to mental stress.

발달장애아 치료(治療)에 쓸 수 있는 한방음악치료(韓方音樂治療) 기법(機法)에 관한 연구(硏究)

이승현,Lee, Seung-Hyun 대한한방소아과학회 2010 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives: The basic cause of developmental disability is congenital weakness, which is a disorder of the kidney according to the Oriental medicine definition. I suggest the oriental medicine music therapy, which can improve congenital weakness and recover the kidney dysfunction. Methods: This study focused autism and Asperger syndrome in terms of Oriental medicine, and also considered view points from the Western medicine. Conclusions 1. The kidney monitors vital elements which were produced from the bone marrow. Therefore, the growth and the development of a skeletal structure are related to the strength and weakness of kidney, which is measured in Qi score. 2. In a case of the deficiency of kidney, an essence due to congenital defect, it shows the symptoms of the developmental disability such as sluggish reaction and physical movements, falling of memory, hearing, and eyesight. 3. For the kidney disorder, "Eum music therapy", one of the oriental medicine music therapies, can promote development of the kidney and kidney-Qi score for the children with developmental disability.

한방음악치료(韓方音樂治療)의 機法에 관한 연구(硏究) -비허보기음악요법(脾虛補氣音樂療法)을 중심(中心)으로-

이승현 ( Seung Hyun Lee ),김여진 ( Yeo Jin Kim ) 대한한의학원전학회 ( 구 대한원전의사학회 ) 2008 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study is to introduce the music therapy as one of the 17 kinds of oriental medicine music therapy and investigate the record in the literature. The spleen is an organ that has the function of digestion, absorption, and supply of nutrition. Damp, anxiety, and improper diet can cause deficiency syndrome of the spleen. The symptoms of deficiency of the spleen are poor appetite, abdominal distension, borborygmus, water-grain dysentery, dyspepsia, and lack of strength in limbs. CV12, CV6, S36, B20, B21, and Sp4 are can be used as acupuncture points that are a great help to the patients who suffer from deficiency of the spleen. This study describes the theory of invigorating the spleen music therapy that has a good possibility as a new method of oriental medical treatment and present the acupuncture points that can be used with invigorating the spleen music therapy. The tone of the spleen is Gung(宮) and the sound of the spleen is related to a song. The music therapy of invigorating the spleen includes beating Earth-Gi(地氣) rhythm with Cheonnyeonmanse, stimulating Spleen Meridian and Stomach Meridian with Gayaguem sanjo jungjungmori, and acupuncture with "Le Cygne" of Camille Saint-Saens.

火熱病 침구치료 시 적용 가능한 한방음악치료에 관한 연구

김여진,이승현 대한침구의학회 2009 대한침구의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to introduce oriental medicine music therapy during the acupuncture of pathogenic fire. Methods : We investigated the acupuncture points of pathogenic fire and the methodology of oriental medicine music therapy. Results : During the acupuncture of pathogenic fire, patients listen to proper music and after withdrawing of acupuncture, patients play the musical instrument. The patients with the case of fire due to affection by exopathogen, the method of dispelling superficial fire can be used through playing percussion instruments. The case of patients with the fire of five organ, the Five Phases music can be used properly. Conclusions : This study describes oriental medicine music therapy has a good possibility as a treatment of pathogenic fire with acupuncture.

중년여성에게 실행한 한방음악치료 前後자아존중감 및 분노와 우울증상 개선에 대한 1례(例)

이승현 ( Seung Hyun Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2014 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

Objectives: This study aims to report the effect of Korean medicine treatments on a pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Methods: The patient was treated with Qingbaozhuyu-tang, acupuncture at Jungwan (CV12), Gihae (CV6), Taechung (LR3), Hapgok (LI4), Sameumgyo (SP6), Sangryo (BL3), Charyou (BL32), Jungryo (BL33), Haryo (BL34), Cheonchu (ST25), Pungryung (ST40), Duyu (ST8), Taeyang (EX-HN5). And we evaluated treatment effects by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Urine analysis (UA) Finding. Results: After treatments, the symptoms such as lower abdominal pain, pelvic pain and fever were improved and there were no abnormal findings in urine analysis. Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine treatments show effective on PID treatment.

한방음악치료가 학동기 소아의 주의집중력에 미치는 효과

김슬기(Seul-Ki Kim),이승현(Seung-Hyun Lee),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),고석재(Seok-Jae Ko),박재우(Jae-Woo Park) 대한한의학회 2013 대한한의학회지 Vol.34 No.3