복합운동프로그램이 마른비만 여자대학생들의 신체조성, 혈중 지질, 체력 및 심리적 요인에 미치는 영향

주미현(Mi-Hyun Joo) 한국생활환경학회 2012 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of multicomponent exercise program on body composition, physical fitness, blood cholesterol, physical self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in thin-obesity college women. Thirty female students were assigned to an exercise group(n = 15) and a control group(n = 15). Exercise group participated in multicomponent exercise program for 70minutes/day and 3day/week for 12 weeks, whereas control group was asked to maintain normal lifestyle during the same intervention period. Variables related to body composition, physical fitness, blood cholesterol, physical self-efficacy and health-related quality of life(SF-36 questionnaire is used) were measured before and after multicomponent exercise program. The results of this study were as follows: Weight, %body fat, BMI and WHR decreased significantly and HDL-C increased significantly in exercise group. VO2max, grip strength, sit-up, side step, sit and reach and standing long jump increased significantly in exercise group. Physical functioning, Mental health and General health in the SF-36 questionnaire increased significantly in exercise group. The 12 weeks multicomponent exercise program indicated beneficial effects such as a decrease of weight, %body fat, BMI and WHR, and an increase of HDL-C, physical fitness and health-related quality of life in exercise group. Therefore, this multicomponent exercise program is considered to be good for the health care of thin-obesity college women.

Multicomponent Nanopatterns by Directed Block Copolymer Self-Assembly

Shin, Dong Ok,Mun, Jeong Ho,Hwang, Geon-Tae,Yoon, Jong Moon,Kim, Ju Young,Yun, Je Moon,Yang, Yong-Biao,Oh, Youngtak,Lee, Jeong Yong,Shin, Jonghwa,Lee, Keon Jae,Park, Soojin,Kim, Jaeup U.,Kim, Sang Ouk American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.10

<P>Complex nanopatterns integrating diverse nanocomponents are crucial requirements for advanced photonics and electronics. Currently, such multicomponent nanopatterns are principally created by colloidal nanoparticle assembly, where large-area processing of highly ordered nanostructures raises significant challenge. We present multicomponent nanopatterns enabled by block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly, which offers device oriented sub-10-nm scale nanopatterns with arbitrary large-area scalability. In this approach, BCP nanopatterns direct the nanoscale lateral ordering of the overlaid second level BCP nanopatterns to create the superimposed multicomponent nanopatterns incorporating nanowires and nanodots. This approach introduces diverse chemical composition of metallic elements including Au, Pt, Fe, Pd, and Co into sub-10-nm scale nanopatterns. As immediate applications of multicomponent nanopatterns, we demonstrate multilevel charge-trap memory device with Pt–Au binary nanodot pattern and synergistic plasmonic properties of Au nanowire-Pt nanodot pattern.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-10/nn403379k/production/images/medium/nn-2013-03379k_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn403379k'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

박층 오일샌드 영상화를 위한 다성분 역VSP 탐사

정수철 ( Soo Cheol Jeong ),변중무 ( Joong Moo Byun ) 한국지구물리·물리탐사학회 2011 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.14 No.3

오일샌드는 고유가로 인하여 최근 활발하게 탐사 및 개발이 진행되고 있다. 오일샌드는 일반적으로 박층으로 존재하기 때문에 이의 탐지를 위해서는 지표 탄성파탐사보다는 시추공 주변의 고해상도 영상화가 장점인 다성분 VSP 탐사가 효과적이다. 또한 중합전 위상막 구조보정의 경우, 단방향 파동방정식을 이용하기 때문에 다성분 자료를 이용한 영상화에 효과적이다. 이 연구에서는 박층 오일샌드의 영상화를 위하여, 다성분 역VSP 탐사자료를 이용한 중합전 위상막 구조보정의 적용성을 고찰하였다. 중합전 위상막 구조보정에 사용할 다성분 역VSP 탐사자료의 전처리 과정으로 입사각과 회전변환을 이용한 파 분리 방법을 제안하고, 이를 합성탄성파탐사자료를 통하여 검증한 결과 파 분리가 효과적으로 되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 분리된 P파와 PS파 자료를 이용하여 구조보정을 실시하였을 시, PS파 구조보정 결과가 P파 구조보정 결과보다 넓은 반사면의 영상화가 가능하고 고해상도의 영상을 획득하였다. 그리고 캐나다 오일샌드 매장지역을 모사한 합성탄성파탐사자료를 생성하고 이를 영상화 한 결과, P파 구조보정 결과보다 PS파를 이용한 구조보정 결과가 박층 오일샌드의 상·하부 경계면을 정확하게 영상화하였다. Recently, exploration and development of oil sands are thriving due to high oil price. Because oil sands reservoir usually exists as a thin layer, multicomponent VSP, which has the advantage of the high-resolution around the borehole, is more effective than surface seismic survey in exploring oil sand reservoir. In addition, prestack phase-screen migration is effective for multicomponent seismic data because it is based on an one-way wave equation. In this study, we examined the applicability of the prestack phase-screen migration for multicomponent RVSP data to image the thin oil sand reservoir. As a preprocessing tool, we presented a method for separating P-wave and PS-wave from multicomponent RVSP data by using incidence angle and rotation matrix. To verify it, we have applied the developed wavefield separation method to synthetic data obtained from the velocity model including a horizontal layer and dipping layers. Also, we compared the migrated image by using P-wave with that by using PS-wave. As a result, the PS-wave migrated image has higher resolution and wide coverage than P-wave migrated image. Finally, we have applied the prestack phase-screen migration to the synthetic data from the velocity model simulating oil sand reservoir in Canada. The results show that the PS-wave migrated image describe the top and bottom boundaries of the thin oil sand reservoir more clearly than the P-wave migrated image.

Photocatalytic degradation of 4‐nitrophenol by using multicomponent Cu 2 O‐Cu@TiO 2 nanoparticl

Jiang Jianwei,문석영,윤성호,Piao Longhai 대한화학회 2024 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.45 No.4

Multicomponent nanomaterials with synergistic effect were typically used to enhance the photocatalytic performance. Herein, three‐component nanomaterials composed of Cu 2 O, Cu, and TiO 2 were prepared using a facile method, and applied in the photocatalytic degradation reactions. The synthetic procedure involves the formation of Cu 2 O nanoparticle aggregates (NPAs) followed by Cu nanoparticles growth on the surface of Cu 2 O NPAs in one pot, and TiO 2 encapsulation (Cu 2 O‐Cu@TiO 2 ). The catalyst structure was characterized by x‐ray diffraction, field emission‐scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersed x‐ray. The catalytic performance of Cu 2 O‐Cu@TiO 2 NPAs was evaluated through the photocatalytic degradation of 4‐nitrophenol under the simulated solar light. We found that it exhibited greater activity than the Cu 2 O‐Cu NPAs, commercial TiO 2 , and Cu 2 O@TiO 2 NPAs, probably due to their synergistic interactions resulting in the effective photogenerated carrier transfer in the multicomponent nanomaterials. Multicomponent nanomaterials with synergistic effect were typically used to enhance the photocatalytic performance. Herein, three-component nanomaterials composed of Cu2O, Cu, and TiO2 were prepared using a facile method, and applied in the photocatalytic degradation reactions. The synthetic procedure involves the formation of Cu2O nanoparticle aggregates (NPAs) followed by Cu nanoparticles growth on the surface of Cu2O NPAs in one pot, and TiO2 encapsulation (Cu2O-Cu@TiO2). The catalyst structure was characterized by x-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersed x-ray. The catalytic performance of Cu2OCu@ TiO2 NPAs was evaluated through the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol under the simulated solar light. We found that it exhibited greater activity than the Cu2O-Cu NPAs, commercial TiO2, and Cu2O@TiO2 NPAs, probably due to their synergistic interactions resulting in the effective photogenerated carrier transfer in the multicomponent nanomaterials.

Coupling scheme of multicomponent sectional equations and Mason equations via transition rate matrix of hygroscopic growth applied to international standard problem No. 44

Lee, Yoonhee,Cho, Yong Jin,Lim, Kukhee Elsevier 2019 Annals of nuclear energy Vol.127 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Most fission products are released into the containment as aerosol particles during severe accidents. In the conventional codes, two sets of equations are used to analyze the aerosol behaviors in the containment. The first set of equations are multicomponent sectional equations, solutions of which are given with the mass concentrations in each discretized section. The multicomponent sectional equations require very large number of sections to remove the numerical diffusion when hygroscopic growth occurs with other aerosol dynamics simultaneously. For efficient calculations, Mason Equations are used to analyze the hygroscopic growth. The solutions of the equations, on the other hand, are given with the radius of an individual particle. Therefore, it is essential to couple the two equations in rigorous manner for efficient analyses on the aerosol behaviors when hygroscopic growth and other aerosol dynamics occur simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a new formulation for the coupling scheme of multicomponent sectional equations and Mason equations. In the formulation, the two equations are coupled via a transition rate matrix obtained by interpolation of the mass distribution within a section for each component in multicomponent sectional equations and the solutions of Mason equations. In order to validate the formulation, it is applied to the simplified GDE to compare with the analytic solutions. The formulation is also applied to international standard problem No. 44 for the validation with experimental data. Computation time for the formulation is also compared with those of the conventional method. With negligible computation burden as additional, the formulation would analyze the aerosol behaviors efficiently, accurately, and stably when hygroscopic growth occurs with other aerosol dynamics simultaneously.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Efficient, accurate, and stable coupling scheme for the aerosol dynamics in the containment. </LI> <LI> Validation with the analytic solutions of the simplified general dynamic equations. </LI> <LI> Analyses on international standard problem No. 44 to validate with the experimental data. </LI> <LI> Negligible computation burden required for the coupling scheme as additional. </LI> </UL> </P>

다성분 탄성파탐사자료에서 회전 변환과 중합을 이용한 효과적인 P파 반사파와 PS파 반사파의 분리

정수철 ( Soo Cheol Jeong ),변중무 ( Joong Moo Byun ),설순지 ( Soon Jee Seol ) 한국지구물리·물리탐사학회 2013 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.16 No.1

다성분 탄성파탐사자료를 이용할 경우, P파 뿐만 아니라 PS파를 함께 이용함으로써 공극유체의 판별, 암상의 특성규명, 고해상도의 영상화 등에 유리한 장점들이 있다. 하지만 다성분 탄성파탐사를 통하여 획득한 수직 성분 및 수평성분 자료에는 각기 다른 특성을 가지는 P파와 PS파가 함께 존재한다. 따라서 다성분 탄성파탐사자료를 이용할 때 P파와 PS파를 분리하는 전처리 과정이 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는, 기존의 정수철, 변중무(2011)가 제안하였던 한 개의 기준 깊이를 이용하여 반사각의 근사값을 계산하고 이를 회전 변환하여 P파와 PS파를 분리하는 방법을 분석한 결과, 다층 구조에서 획득 된 다수의 반사파가 존재하는 자료에의 적용시 한계가 있음을 확인하였다. 이를 개선하기 위하여, 여러 개의 기준 깊이를 이용하여 반사각의 근사값을 계산하고 이를 회전 변환을 한 뒤 중합을 하는 개선된 P파와 PS파의 분리 방법을 제안하였다. 마지막으로 이 연구에서 제안하는 방법을 수평 다층 구조의 모델, 단층이 존재하는 모델, Marmousi-2 모델 등에서 획득 된 합성탄성파탐사자료에 적용하여 검증하였다. 그 결과, 급경사 지역이 아닌 완만한 경사의 여러 층이 존재하는 구조에서의 다성분 탄성파탐사자료의 효과적인 파 분리가 가능하였다. Multicomponent seismic data including both P- and PS-waves have advantages in discriminating the type of pore fluid, characterizing the lithologic attributes and producing the high resolution image. However, multicomponent seismic data recorded at the vertical and horizontal component receivers contain both P- and PS-waves which have different features, simultaneously. Therefore, the wavefield separation of P- and PS-waves as a preprocessing is inevitable in order to use the multicomponent seismic data successfully. In this study, we analyzed the previous study of the wavefield separation method suggested by Jeong and Byun in 2011, where the approximated reflection angle calculated only from one refernce depth is used in rotation transform, and showed its limitation for seismic data containing various reflected events from the multi-layered structure. In order to overcome its limitation, we suggested a new effective wavefield separation method of P- and PS-waves. In new method, we calculate the reflection angles with various reference depths and apply rotation transforms to the data with those reflection angles. Then we stack all results to obtain the final separated data. To verify our new method, we applied it to the synthetic data sets from a multi-layered model, a fault model, and the Marmousi-2 model. The results showed that the proposed method separated successfully P- and PSreflection events from the multicomponent data from mild dipping layered model as long as the dip is not too steep.

수정된 화학증착공정에서 다종 성분 입자 생성 및 성장 해석

이방원,박경순,최만수,Lee, Bang Weon,Park, Kyong Soon,Choi, Mansoo 대한기계학회 1999 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.23 No.5

An analysis of generation and growth of multicomponent particles has been carried out to predict the size and composition distributions of particles generated in the Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition(MCVD) process. In MCVD process. scale-up of sintering and micro-control of refractive index may need the Information about the size and composition distributions of $SiO_2-GeO_2$ particles that are generated and deposited. The present work solved coupled steady equations (axi-symmetric two dimensions) for mass conservation, momentum balance. energy and species(such as $SiCl_4$, $GeCl_4$, $O_2$, $Cl_2$) conservations describing fluid flow. heat and mass transfer in a tube. Sectional method has been applied to obtain multi-modal distributions of multicomponent aerosols which vary in both radial and axial directions. Chemical reactions of $SiCl_4$ and $GeCl_4$ were included and the effects of variable properties have also been considered.

Novel Synthesis of Tryptamine Derived 4-Hydroxy-4-arylthiazolidine-2-thiones and 4-Arylthiazole-2(3H)-thiones by Multicomponent Reactions

Nepram Sushuma Devi,Sarangthem Joychandra Singh,Kuldeep Mahiya,Okram Mukherjee Singh,최호준,이상경 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.9

An efficient one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 3-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-4-hydroxy-4-arylthiazolidine-2-thione and 3-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)-4-arylthiazole-2(3H)-thione has been developed from a multicomponent reaction of tryptamine, carbon disulfide and phenacyl bromide. This protocol has an advantage such as operational simplicity, short reaction time, and affording good to excellent yields.

Charge/Discharge Mechanism of Multicomponent Olivine Cathode for Lithium Rechargeable Batteries

Park, Young-Uk,Shakoor, R.A.,Park, Kyu-Young,Kang, Ki-Suk The Korean Electrochemical Society 2011 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.2 No.1

Quasi-equilibrium profiles are analyzed through galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and potentiostatic intermittent titration technique (PITT) to study the charge/discharge mechanism in multicomponent olivine structure ($LiMn_{1/3}Fe_{1/3}Co_{1/3}PO_4$). From GITT data, the degree of polarization is evaluated for the three regions corresponding to the redox couples of $Mn^{2+}/Mn^{3+}$, $Fe^{2+}/Fe^{3+}$ and $Co^{2+}/Co^{3+}$. From PITT data, the current vs. time responses are examined in each titration step to find out the mode of lithium de-intercalation/intercalation process. Furthermore, lithium diffusivities at specific compositions (x in $Li_xMn_{1/3}Fe_{1/3}Co_{1/3}PO_4$) are also calculated. Finally, total capacity ($Q^{total}$) and diffusional capacity ($Q^{diff}$) are obtained for some selected voltage steps. The entire study consistently confirms that the charge/discharge mechanism of multicomponent olivine cathode is associated with a one-phase reaction rather than a biphasic reaction.

Multicomponent assessment and ginsenoside conversions of Panax quinquefolium L. roots before and after steaming by HPLC-MSⁿ

Huang, Xin,Liu, Yan,Zhang, Yong,Li, Shuai-Ping,Yue, Hao,Chen, Chang-Bao,Liu, Shu-Ying The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: The structural conversions in ginsenosides induced by steaming or heating or acidic condition could improve red ginseng bioactivities significantly. In this paper, the chemical transformations of red American ginseng from fresh Panax quinquefolium L. under steaming were investigated, and the possible mechanisms were discussed. Methods: A method with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap mass spectrometry ($HPLC-MS^n$)-equipped electrospray ionization ion source was developed for structural analysis and quantitation of ginsenosides in dried and red American ginseng. Results: In total, 59 ginsenosides of protopanaxadiol, protopanaxatriol, oleanane, and ocotillol types were identified in American ginseng before and after steaming process by matching the molecular weight and/or comparing $MS^n$ fragmentation with that of standards and/or known published compounds, and some of them were determined to be disappeared or newly generated under different steaming time and temperature. The specific fragments of each aglycone-type ginsenosides were determined as well as aglycone hydrated and dehydrated ones. The mechanisms were deduced as hydrolysis, hydration, dehydration, and isomerization of neutral and acidic ginsenosides. Furthermore, the relative peak areas of detected compounds were calculated based on peak areas ratio. Conclusion: The multicomponent assessment of American ginseng was conducted by $HPLC-MS^n$. The result is expected to provide possibility for holistic evaluation of the processing procedures of red American ginseng and a scientific basis for the usage of American ginseng in prescription.