UN-NGO 소속단체로서의 GCS클럽 활동과 발전방향

하영애 慶熙大學校 밝은社會問題硏究所 1998 밝은社會硏究 Vol.19 No.1

GCS Club, as a NGO, has played a very important role in conducting social activities in the various areas. First of all, GCS club is a non-profit organization and run by membership fee. UN ECOSOc NGO committee recommended that GCS be granted with an NGO Special Consultative STatus as a result of its cntinuous efforts. Thee Contribution GCS have made so far can be categorized as a social and an deducational contributions. As for social contribution, raising Korean status in the international society and cortribution to the world peace can be raised. As for edrcitional contrubution, GCS has cortibuted to the school education through its various activities in elementary, middle, high school as well as college levels. It has also contributed to medical service, campaign to help boys and girls who take charge of living, leadership training of members and board members. etc. In 1999, GCS club is require to play a more active role in our society. It should strengthen it activities of GCS INternational Seoul Office is to draw un annual reports and report it to UN-NGO, and to consolidate its ties with other NGOs by dispatching persons who have good commends of English so that GCS can participate in the conference held by UN. Also GCS plants to issue quarterly newsletter for 1999 Seoul NGO conference. In order to develop the activities of GCS club, the organizations should be more activated and should be financially independent. Also, appropriate projects should be selected and carried out according to the characteristics of each unit club. In relation with the advent of information society, virtual college for GCS activities and GCS Training Center should be established in the international level. In order to achieve these goals, everyone should make an effort and in this sense, the efforts of the leaders are ssential.

GCS클럽과 국내 NGO의 연대 방안

이환호 밝은사회연구소 2001 밝은社會硏究 Vol.22 No.1

Looking back upon the long history of human beings, they haven't grasped their essence of being. Since the beginning of the history of human, Paleolithic people lived like animals, ancient people were faced with the confusion of ideas and medieval people were subjected to divine authority. Modern people appeal to the sense rather than reason. Moreover they don't live as entirely independent beings. Human beings can be neither animals nor god. They made rapid progress of science and technology and subsequently made a robot, but never can be a human. While animals have bestiality and god has divinity, humans have character as their essential part. The character means their value and qualification. To be a true human means that we have to recognize our blessed mission, to develop our self and to try to achieve self-realization; wer have to live with a strong sense of responsibility and duty for creating civilization and happiness. Our progressive pland and idea for future can construct our best future. The earth was born 4.7 billion years ago and the first human race appeared 40,000 years ago. Ancient times and Medieval Ages have passed and Mankind gradually developed the civilized society. And they made a rapid progress in our civilized Society through Renaissance and the Industrial Revolution. With the development of civilized society, all individuals have had human rights. They are equal in dignity and rights, so the human rights shuld be respected under any aramstances, circumstances. In these modernization process, we are facing with so many problems, neative side efforts such as a population expulsion, a food shortage, crimes, poverty, drug abuses, juvenile delinquency, dehumanization, racial conflicts, religion conflicts, etc. Solving these problems, a government and all kinds of company and organizations exerted their utmost efforts. But in spite of all their effors, they were rewarded good results. The GCS Movement is an international social movement to reconstruct our human society and build a Global Common Society by solving such contemporary problems. In this paper, I examined a network between GCS clubs and NGOs in Korea. The first, I covered the GCS Movement, the present condition of GCS Clubs, their meaning, role, organization, and, management. And then I examined the present state of NGOs in Korea, their role, and their problems. The second, I considered mutual cooperation programs between GCS Clubs and NGOs. In these programs, I suggested the establishment of sisterhood relationship, the training program, the field trip, and the joint projects and movement. The third, I covered the desirable model of GCS leaders. The desirable leader means a honest and sincere leader with the sprit of self-sacrifice and service. The last, I dagnosed the most urgent problems of GCS International Korean Chapter and made some suggestions such as the construction of GCS Training Building, the establishment of GCS scholarship foundation, and the improvement of working condiditon of GCS International Korean Chapter.

GCS클럽의 추진사업과 발전적 과제

신대순 慶熙大學校 밝은社會問題硏究所 2002 밝은社會硏究 Vol.23 No.1

As a result of the revolutionary compression of time and space, the world is becoming a single global community. Today human being can enjoy an unprecedented degree of affluence and all the modern conveniences by achieving a materialistic and scientific-technological civilization. But, on the other hand, the dark side of our human society is the widespread of various inhuman and anti-social crimes in the midst of moral and cultural decadence. We are these days easily forgetting good deeds and customs, the parental love and kindness, friendly feeling among friends and neighbors. Solving this social problems, Dr. Young Seek Choue, in 1975, moved to propose the GCS Movement and in 1978, the GCS Club International was established. The GCS Club aims at the establishment of the Global Common Society of humankind, the world of Oughtopia which is characterized as a spiritually beautiful, materially affluent, and humanly rewarding society. On the other hand, this civilization has brought about mammonism and the belief in the supremacy of science and technology which belittles humanity and alienates man. I would like to suggest the following tasks for activation of the GCS Club. ① increasing the number of the GCS Club ② intellectual education for the member ③ training leaders of the GCS Club ④ rational organization management of the GCS Club ⑤ networking with NGOs ⑥ motivating leladers and the member of the GCS Club

現代社會에서 女性의 役割變化와 GCS여성클럽의 發展方案

하영애 밝은사회연구소 1999 밝은社會硏究 Vol.20 No.1

Since the 1995 Beijing International Women's Conference, women's participation in the society is slowly increasing in Korea. For example, Women's Week(1 ~ 7 July) is being held annually, Women's Development Fund is being raised, and measures for a certain percentage of women to be employed in public society are provided. Especially, the change of women's role in modern society is a trend of our times. My thesis focuses on the development of GCS Women's Club by grafting women power to the Club. My research is based on the following points: firstly, change of women's role in modern society; secondly, status quo and major activities of women's groups in modern society; thirdly, immediate tasks of GCS Women's Club; and finally, development measures of GCS Women's Club. Women's role in the Confucian traditional society was limited to private life, whereas in the modern society it is extended to public life, such as active participation in society, politics, economics, and education. As women are enjoying a more comfortable living nowadays, they want a healthy participation in society to use their time meaningfully. Multilateral efforts on the part of members as well as staffs are necessary in order to graft women's ability to the GCS movement. I have researched the activities of women's groups both home and abroad. The most important activity of women's groups related to political participation is the 'quota system.' Taiwan has implemented the Election Quota System and on average 10-25% of Members of Parliament are women. A quota system of 10% is implemented in Egypt, Indonesia, and Pakistan. Korea and Japan are also pursuing a quota system for women's participation in politics. As measures of development for GCS Women's Club, the creation of an organization wholly run by women, expansion of the Women's Club organization, networking and cooperation between Korean women NGOs and foreign women NGOs, and establishment of a special fund for the development of Women's Club on the part of International Headquarters and the Korean Headquarters are under discussion. In addition, increase of GCS Women's Club members through the change in women's role, and development and practice of programs to activate GCS Women's Club are being suggested.

항암제 내성 L1210세포의 Glutathione 대사 관련효소 유전자의 발현 양상

김성용,김정희,김재룡 영남대학교 의과대학 1995 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.12 No.1

생쥐의 백혈청세포 L1210과 항암제에 대하여 내성이 유도된 L1210AdR, L1210VcR과 L1210Cis에서 glutathione의 농도와 glutathione의 합성 조절에 관여하는 -glutamylcysteine synthetase(GCS)와 -glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT), 세포 이물질을 축합하는데 촉매하는 glutathione S-trasferase(GST)의 효소 활성도와 유전자의 발현 여부를 관찰하였다. 세포내 glutathione농도(μM/㎎ protein)는 L1210이 0.41±0.003, L1210AdR가 0.73±0.006, L1210VcR은 1.16±0.060, L1210Cis가 2.19±0.282으로 모세포에 비하여 내성세포에서 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 관찰하였다. Buthionine sulfoxamine(BSO)를 1??농도로 첨가하여 12시간 배양한 세포들에서의 glutathione농도는 L1210이 88%, L1210AdR가 85%, L1210VcR이 89%, 그리고 L1210Cis는 79%의 감소를 보였다. GCS의 활성도(nM/㎎ protein/min)는 L1210이 104인데 비하여 L1210AdR가 128, L1210VcR는 227, 및 L1210Cis는 212로 증가하였다. GGT의 활성도(nM/㎎ protein/min)는 L1210이 2.15±0.531이었고, L1210AdR은 2.80±0.498, L1210VcR은 2.42±0.389, 그리고 L1210Cis는 2.98±0.623으로 내성인 세포들에서 증가하였으며 L1210AdR과 L1210Cis에서 유의하였다. GST활성도(nM/㎎ protein/min)는 L1210이 16.70±4.798이었고, L1210AdR은 14.51±3.402, L1210VcR과 L1210Cis가 약간의 증가를 보였으며, L1210AdR은 오히려 감소를 보였다. DNA의 slot blot에서 GCS, GGT, GST 유전자의 모세포와 내성세포간에 별다른 차이를 보이지 않았다. Northern hybridization에서 GCS는 약 4.5kb 크기의 band, GST-π는 약 1.05kb 크기의 band를 보였으며 내성세포 모두에서 발현 증가가 관찰되었다. GGT의 경우 크기가 다른 6개의 band가 보였으며 특히 11.5kb 크기의 band에서 L1210AdR과 L1210VcR의 발현이 증가하였으며, L1210VcR에서는 L1210과 다른 내성세포에서 보이는 1.95kb 크기의 band가 보이지 않고 2.2kb 크기의 다른 band가 관찰되었다. 이상에서 L1210AdR과 L1210VcR의 내성에는 mdr1 유전자가 관여하고, L1210Cis의 내성에는 특히 glutathione이 중요하다. GCS, GGT 및 GST등의 활성도 및 유전자의 발현도 내성세포들에서 증가하였으며 이중 GCS는 내성세포내의 glutathione 합성에 가장 중요한 조절인자라 할 수 있다. Glutathione(GSH) has a very important role in detoxification of cells and is closely related to antitumor drug-resistance of cancer cells. In order to evaluate the importance of glutathione metabolism in the drug-resistant cancer cells, the concentration of cellular GSH and activities of -glutamylcysteine synthetase(GCS), -glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) and glutathione S-transferases(GST) in the adriamycin, vincristine, or cisplatin resistant L1210(L1210AdR, L1210VcR, or L1210Cis) sublines were measured. Expression and amplification of GCS, GGT, and GST-π genes were also observed in the parent L1210 and the drug-resistant L1210 sublines. The concentration of GSH was increased 5.34 fold in L1210Cis, 2.83 fold in L1210VcR, and 1.78 fold in L1210AdR, compared to L1210. The activities of GCS and GGT were increased in drug-resistant L1210 sublines. The GST activity was increased in L1210VcR and L1210Cis but decreased in L1210AdR compared to L1210. Expression of GCS, GGT, and GST-π genes were increased in the resistant L1210 sublines compare to the parent L1210 in northern blot analyses. Overexpression of GCS, GGT, and GST-π were observed in the resistant sublines, and the increases of the concentration of glutathione and the activities of GCS and GGT in the resistant sublines may be involved in a part of the drug-resistance in the resistant sublines.

GCS여성클럽의 활성화 방안

하영애 慶熙大學校 밝은社會問題硏究所 2002 밝은社會硏究 Vol.23 No.1

Women in modern era are characterized by their eagerness to develop their own capabilities and to contribute to their society through social service and participation. Rewarding is a feeling of joy or contentment after various activities exectuted by oneself of a member of organizations. GCS Club members are getting the feeling of rewarding through the participating of various social service programs promoted by the club. The purpose of this study is to search for ways to nurture programs of the Women's Club to enhance their contentment and accomplishment by encouraging women's participation in service activities so as to transform the GCS movement to play a lelading role in promoting social movements in the 21st century. One of the examples is that women members felt respect for their parents when they participated in the medical service activities. After those activities, they pledged to develop this program in nation-wide scale. This study categorized the programs of the Women's Club to be promoted into the areas of project, finance, advertising and organization and focused in particular on the area of program development. In order to activate the GCS movement in progressive and rewarding way, the members of the GCS Women's Club should place an emphasis on the following: First, promoting the GCS medical service activities broadly and continuously. Second, increasing members of the GCS Women's Club through changing role of women. Third, developing and executing programs for solidarity of the GCS Women's Club. Fourth, networking with women's NGOs home and abroad. It is important to lay the foundation for Oughtopia, a society of what ought-to-be, by constructing a spiritually beautiful, materially affluent and humanly rewarding society. GCS Women's Club has provided its members with rewarding experiences so far. It is also impreative for the club to make every endeavor to contribute to the society on the basis of its activities and experiences in the future.

GCS클럽의 歷史的 背景과 活性化 方案

신대순 慶熙大學校 밝은社會問題硏究所 1999 밝은社會硏究 Vol.20 No.1

In the new 21st Century, while we overcome many problems on the cultural foundation formed thrroughout the past century, we must make a desirable co-operative society which mankind has so long sought for. Through the convenient tools invented through the scientific advancements of the past century, we were able to enjoy a highly cultural life. However, the potential elements of war has always been present, the environment is being polluted, and human sympathy is drying up. If this continues, we might have to face a critical world end. To solve the problems of human society such as these, the GCS Movement was proposed at the 1975 World Deans Convention and stated the international head office was founded in 1978. The GCS Movement can be said to be a movement that began with the purpose of solving the many problems human society is facing and making a better co-operative society. Let us look at the ways to activate the GCS Club 1) The Increase of the Number of Clubs and he Expansion of Members The GCS Club is set to have thirty or more members. Generally fifty to sixty people can be said to be the appropriate number. However, since members may leave for personal reasons, new members should continually be admitted. Though admitting new members is important, it is alst important to cultivate affiliated clubs. 2) The Mental Education and Leadership Training of Members Thorough mental education is needed so that all members may have a feeling of good will, cooperativeness, and to contribute to volunteer work. Conditions should be given so that competent leaders may exhibit their capability. Education training should be given for members and leaders. Preparing a Judicial Training Institute on a national and district level is a good idea. 3) Reasonable Organization Management Organizations should be practically managed and all members should participate actively. First, all officials including the president must take the lead and be a role model for every matter during their term with a sense of mission, and create an atmosphere of vitality. Second, clubs should be managed cheerfully and instructively so that every member can participate and work with a happy heart. Third, account keeping should be careful, and all decisions must be made based on the approval of members. Fourth, efforts must be made on advertising, and should establish offices when independent foundations are formed. 4) Cooperation Between Clubs and International Connection Though business projects are formed and practiced individually in Unit Clubs, joint events may be hosted with the cooperation of other clubs if necessary. It can be done through the form of League Organizations, or in the form of the Establishment of Sisterhood Relationships. Cooperation with neighboring clubs or the Unit Clubs of other nations can also be done. Mutual visits, Cultural Exchange joint projects can be done. 5) The Cooperation Policy of Outside Organizations and Publice Institutions Cooperative projects can be done with outside organizations that have the same intentions. The GCS Movement can be developed maintaining cooperative policies with the government or publice institutions. Through the terminable connection with UN and the UN NGOs, discussions of joint interests, and joint projects should be done.

GCS 학생클럽에 관한 연구 : 고교 및 대학생클럽을 중심으로

하영애 慶熙大學校 밝은社會問題硏究所 1997 밝은社會硏究 Vol.18 No.1

The Global Coopration Society(GCS) has the philosophy of Oughtopia which is formulated by DR. Young Seek Choue and goals toawrds Human Family. Global Village, and World Community. Also, the GCS has contributed to the development of our society in many ways. Hence, the research on student clubs could be atribut to the lofty goal of building a praxis of the GCS. As a practical way to achieve the goal of GCS, the opration of activities is very important. Even though lots of research on organization of members, there is little about the young people's club. Therefore, this research focused on activities of student members and tried to make basic datas to improve activities of student member clubs. Methodologically, this research has examinde by literature reviews on sociology, psychology and politics. And also surveys on personal interviews and question papers have been used. I surveyed on college student clubs in five Seoul clubs and six local clubs. In order to improve the young member club, I suggested several programs. Actually, practical and well-organized programs have already done by a few clubs. For example, 'flower street', 'speech contest', and 'GCS award' are representative programs. These programs promoted the membership cooperation and cultivated the culture of sentiments of student members. This research mostly focused on the development of ideal, organization, and activities of college student members. As the result of surveys. I strongly suggest that the program of you member, particularly the university graduate, must establish and develop.

GCS : An NGO for Peacebuilding Mission

Punzal, Manuel D. 밝은사회연구소 2000 밝은社會硏究 Vol.21 No.1

밝은사회운동(The GCS Movement)은 인류 사회의 질서를 재건하려는 열망에 대한 응답으로 생겨난 것이다. 전 지구를 통틀어 민주주의적 자본주의나, 세계화, 환경오염, 그리고 핵전쟁의 위협에 대한 인류 차원의 협력의 필요성에 대한 문제 제기는 과거나 지금이나 계속되어오고 있다. 이는 우리에게 버트란드 러셀(Bertland Russell)의 "협력만이 인류가 살 길이다"라는 표현을 상기시킨다. 한편으로 긍정적인 사회 변화는 반드시 국가 차원의 노력과 주도로 이루어져야 하는 것은 아니다. 반면에 사회 질서(정의)에 대한 책임감의 부사아은 시민 사회의 의식의 성장과 함께 특히 NGO(비정부기구)분야에서 두드러지게 나타나고 있다. 새로운 NGO 기구인 GCS는 비단 국가와 시민사회 사이의 중재자로서의 역할 뿐 아니라, 특별하게는 국제 외교와 세계 사회 같의 가교 역할을 할 것이 기대된다. 따라서 우리는 이제 지구촌의 평화 건설자로서의 GCS의 활약을 기대해 볼 수 있다. GCS는 세계 사회의 평화 유지라는 국제적 움직임의 추세 속에서 그의 주 업무를 성공적으로 수행함으로써, 외교의 확장에 확실한 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다.

글루타치온을 이용한 피부접촉물질에 초기 독성 탐색 기술

허혜선,안민지,윤미숙,박영철 한국피부과학연구원 2019 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: We developed a glutathione-containing screening (GCS) system capable of confirming toxicity at the substance screening stage aimed at reducing the time and cost of the cosmetic raw material development stage. Methods: Based on genotoxicity testing, a GCS system, comprising a direct and indirect system, was developed to reduce the time and cost to identify toxicity during the screening of candidate cosmetic substances. Toxicity potential was confirmed by identifying changes in the content of total glutathione (GSH), which conjugates only toxic substances, and those in the glutathione disulfide (GSSG)/GSH ratio. Results: Heptanal, a positive control substance in skin irritation tests, showed a decrease in total GSH and was identified as a direct-acting toxicant. Eugenol, a positive control substance in skin sensitization tests, showed a decrease in total GSH and an altered GSSG/GSH ratio and was identified as an indirect-acting toxicant. Conclusion: The GCS system could identify toxicity characteristics of skin irritation and sensitization. However, more positive chemicals are required to induce skin irritation or sensitization to challenge a chemical's toxic classification such as irritation or sensitization according to the GCS system, direct and indirect systems. 목적: 화학물질의 대사계인 S9 fraction를 이용하는 유전독성시험 in vitro 시스템에 단백질-유사 기능으로 기대되는 glutathione (GSH)를 추가하여 화학물질의 피부의 자극성 및 감작성을 탐색할 수 있는 동물대체시험법으로 glutathione-containing screen system (GCS system)을 개발하는 것이 목적이다. 방법: 자극성 및 감작성의 물질은 유해활성산소 및 유기 라디칼을 생성하거나 단백질과 결합하여 GSH 감소 및 GSH 산화형인 glutathione disulfide (GSSG)의 증가를 유도한다. 이러한 점을 고려하여 자극성 및감작성을 탐색하기 위해 total GSH와 GSSG/GSH 비 등의 GSH 변화를 측정하였다. 결과: 피부자극성 양성물질인 heptanal에 의해 total GSH가 감소되어 자연분해를 통해 활성화되며 피부감작성 양성물질인 eugenol은 total GSH 감소와 더불어 GSSG/GSH ratio 증가가 유도되어 효소에 의한 생화학적 전환을 통해 활성화되는 indirect-acting toxicant로 추정되었다. 결론: 이러한 결과를 고려할 때 피부자극성물질은 S9 fraction이 없는 direct system, 피부감작성물질은 S9 fraction을 포함하고 있는 indirect system에서 GSH에 대한 영향이 클 것으로 추정되었다. 그러나 GCS system의 direct system와 indirect system에서 더 많은 양성물질을 이용한 연구를 통해 시스템에서의 자극성 및 감작성의 잠재적 경향성을 파악하여 개발의 필요성이 있다.