영산강 퇴적물에서 용출되는 용존 유기물의 형광특성 분석

오해성(Hae Seong Oh),허인애(In Ae Huh),최정현(Jung Hyun Choi) 대한환경공학회 2018 대한환경공학회지 Vol.40 No.9

본 연구에서는 영산강 죽산보 상류의 퇴적물에서 수층으로 용출되는 용존 유기물을 대상으로 형광분석을 실시하였다. 시료 채취는 2015년 7월 6일 죽산보 상류 0.5 km (YS1)와 1.5 km (YS2)에서 이루어 졌으며, 채취한 퇴적물을 깊이별(T,M, B)로 나누어 20℃에서 7일 동안 배양하였다. 배양한 시료를 대상으로 용존 유기탄소를 측정하고 형광분석을 실시하였다. 용존 유기탄소는 보와 인접하고 입자 크기가 작은 YS1 지점에서 배양에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 형광분석을 통해 유기물 특성의 지표인 SUVA, HIX, BIX, FI를 계산한 결과 용존 유기물 중 소수성 유기물과 고분자 유기물은 YS1 지점에서 YS2 지점보다 많이 포함되어 있었다. 배양에 따라 퇴적물에서 수층으로 용출되는 용존 유기물은 육상기원 유기물과 미생물기원 유기물이 혼합된 복합기원 휴믹물질이었다. PARAFAC 분석 결과 제시된 두 가지 성분은 Humic-like와 Tryptophan-like 물질로, 배양에 따라 Humic-like 물질은 두 지점 모두에서 용출되었으며, Tryptophan-like 물질은 YS2 지점에서만 용출되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 정체성 수역 내 퇴적물의 유기물 용출 특성이 시간적, 공간적으로 변화함을 알 수 있었고, 이는 향후 정체수역 수질관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다고 판단된다. This study conducted fluorescence analysis of the dissolved organic matter released from the sediments in the upper stream of Juksanbo, Yeongsan River. Sediment samples were obtained at 0.5 km (YS1) and 1.5 km (YS2) upstream of Juksanbo on July 6. 2015. The sediments were divided by depth (T, M and B) and incubated at 20℃ for 7 days. The supernatant of incubated samples was used for the measurement of dissolved organic carbon and fluorescence analysis. The concentration of dissolved organic carbon was higher at YS1 with smaller particle size. As a result of SUVA, HIX, BIX and FI analysis, hydrophobic organic matter and polymeric humic organic matter were contained more in YS1 than YS2. Dissolved organic matter released from the sediment to the water layer with incubation was the terrestrial origin organic matter or the autochthonous organic matter. The parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) results showed that two fluorescence components: terrestrial Humic-like (C1) and Tryptophan-like (C2) constituted the fluorescence matrices of sediment samples. From the results of this research, there is spatial and temporal variation of the organic matter released from the sediment of the river with weir, which is useful information for the water quality management in the future.

해양 환경의 형광용존유기물에 관한 국내 연구 동향

김정현 한국해양과학기술원 2021 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.43 No.4

Fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) is referred to organic matter which absorbs efficiently solar radiation energy and fluorescence in the water column. The component and molecular structure of marine organic matter can be changed depending on the various substances and origins of organic matter, and then the organic matter has unique fluorescent properties. As the cutting-edge analytical techniques of optical measurement continuously developing from last few decades, a study on FDOM has been applied as a biogeochemical tracer to quantify the organic matter concentration and to investigate the behaviors and origins of organic matter. Especially, the marine environment around the Korean Peninsula is an ideal research area to study FDOM because of various oceanographic characteristics and the origins of organic matter. This study describes the general properties of FDOM and introduces the cycling and behaviors of marine organic matter based on the domestic research studies.

Combining asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation with on- and off-line fluorescence detection to examine biodegradation of riverine dissolved and particulate organic matter

Lee, S.T.,Yang, B.,Kim, J.Y.,Park, J.H.,Moon, M.H. Elsevier 2015 Journal of chromatography Vol.1409 No.-

This study demonstrated that asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled with on-line UV and fluorescence detection (FLD) and off-line excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy can be employed to analyze the influence of microbial metabolic activity on the consumption and production of freshwater organic matter. With the AF4 system, organic matter is on-line enriched during a focusing/relaxation period, which is an essential process prior to separation. Size-fractionated chromophoric and fluorophoric organic materials were simultaneously monitored during the 30-min AF4 separation process. Two fractions of different sizes (dissolved organic matter (DOM) and particulate organic matter (POM)) of freshwater samples from three locations (up-, mid-, and downstream) along the Han River basin of Korea were incubated with the same inoculum for 14 days to analyze fraction-specific alterations in optical properties using AF4-UV-FLD. A comparison of AF4 fractograms obtained from pre- and post-incubation samples revealed that POM-derived DOM were more susceptible to microbial metabolic activity than was DOM. Preferential microbial consumption of protein-like DOM components concurred with enhanced peaks of chromophoric and humic-like fluorescent components, presumably formed as by-products of microbial processing. AF4-UV-FLD combined with off-line identification of microbially processed components using EEM fluorescence spectroscopy provides a powerful tool to study the relationship between microbial activity and composition as well as biodegradability of DOM and POM-derived DOM from different origins, especially for the analysis of chromophoric and fluorophoric organic matter that are consumed and produced by microbial metabolic activity. The proposed AF4 system can be applied to organic matter in freshwater samples having low concentration range (0.3-2.5ppm of total organic carbon) without a pre-concentration procedure.

유기탄소 실시간 모니터링을 위한 분광학적 특성인자 분석

유영민 ( Youngmin You ),박종관 ( Jongkwan Park ),이병준 ( Byungjoon Lee ),이승윤 ( Sungyun Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2021 한국물환경학회지 Vol.37 No.5

Optical methods such as UV and fluorescence spectrophotometers can be applied not only in the qualitative analysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM), but also in real-time quantitative DOM monitoring for wastewater and natural water. In this study, we measure the UV254 and fluorescence excitation emission spectra for a sewage treatment plant influent and effluent, and river water before and after sewage effluent flows into the river to examine the composition and origin of DOM. In addition, a correlation analysis between quantified DOM characteristics and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was conducted. Based on the fluorescence excitation emission spectra analysis, it was confirmed that the protein-type tryptophan-like DOM was the dominant substance in the influent, and that the organic matter exhibited relatively more humic properties after biological treatment. However, DOM in river water showed the fluorescence characteristics of terrestrial humic-like and algal tyrosine-like (protein-like) organic matter. In addition, a correlation analysis was conducted between the DOC and optical indices such as UV₂₅₄, the fluorescence intensity of protein-like and humic-like organic matter, then DOC prediction models were suggested for wastewater and river monitoring during non-rainfall and rainfall events. This study provides basic information that can improve the understanding of the contribution of DOC concentration by DOM components, and can be used for organic carbon concentration management in wastewater and natural water.

횡성호의 유기물 수지 및 거동 특성

정승현 ( Seung Hyun Joung ),박혜경 ( Hae Kyung Park ),윤석환 ( Seok Hwan Yun ) 한국물환경학회 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Organic matters budget in Lake Hoengseong were monthly investigated from April 2009 to November 2009. The intense rainfall occurred at between July and August and the hydrological factors were highly varied during the rainfall season. By the concentrated rainfall, the elevation, influx and efflux were sharply increased and the turbid water was also flowed into the middle water column in Lake. The inflow of turbid water increased the nutrient concentrations in water body and this appears to stimulate of phytoplankton regard as the primary productivity of influx of organic matter. Monthly average concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was generally higher than the particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration in Lake, but Temporal and spatial variation of POC concentration was higher than DOC and the maximum POC concentration was recorded in surface water in August, had the highest phytoplankton biomass. Organic carbon concentration in inflow site was rarely changed during the dry season, but the concentration was rapidly increased by the initial intense rainfall. In organic matters budget, the most of the organic matters was inflowed from the inflow site at rainfall season. Especially, the influx of allochthonous organic matters during the intense rainfall was 72.4% in the total influx organic matters.

초고속응집·침전공정과 일반응집·침전공정간의 용존유기물 제거특성 비교

김재훈,윤태일 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.5

The purpose of this study was to understand the difference of removal characteristics of dissolved organic matter (WM) between Ultra Rapid Coagulation (URC) and conventional coagulation process. DOM is found everywhere such as surface waters and wastewaters and consists of both hydorphilic and hydrophoblc matter. DOM is receiving a great deal of attention in the water treatment industry because DOM, known as precursor of THMs. As a result, the AMWD (Apparent Molecular Weight Distribution) in the raw water was as follows : under 10,000 dalton was 7.9%, 10,000-40,000 dalton was 6.7%, over 100,000 dalton was 85.4%. The higher molecular weight organic dissolved matters were more removed by URC than conventional coagulation process. The hydrophilic dissolved organic matter was two times more removed by the URC than the conventional coagulation process. This results was due to hydrophilic matter was removed into hydrophobic matter by weighting flocculation agent of URC process. The result indicate that the URC process is more effective removal process of higher molecular weight and hydrophilic matter of dissolved organic matter then the conventional coagulation process.

다양한 환경요인과 난분해성 유기물에 따른 고온산화 및 UV산화방식 총 유기탄소 산화율 변화

정헌재 ( Heon Jae Jung ),이보미 ( Bo Mi Lee ),이근헌 ( Keun Heon Lee ),신현상 ( Hyun Sang Shin ),허진 ( Jin Hur ) 한국물환경학회 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study examined the effects of environmental conditions and the presence of refractory organic matter on oxidation rates of total organic carbon (TOC) measurements based on high temperature combustion and ultraviolet-sulfate methods. Spectroscopic indices for prediction of oxidation rates were also explored using the UV spectra and fluorescence excitationemission matrix (EEM) of humic acids. Furthermore, optimum TOC instrument conditions were suggested by comparing oxidation rates of a standard TOC material under various conditions. Environmental conditions included salts, reduced ions, and suspended solids. Salts had the greatest influence on oxidation rates in the UV-sulfate method. However, no effect was detected in the high temperature combustion method. The UV-sulfate method showed lower humic substance oxidation rates, refractory natural organic matter, compared to the other methods. TOC oxidation rates for the UV-sulfate method were negatively correlated with higher specific-UV absorbance, humification index, and humic-like EEM peak intensities, suggesting that these spectroscopic indices could be used to predict TOC oxidation rates. TOC signals from instruments using the UV-sulfate method increased with increasing chamber temperature and increasing UV exposure durations. Signals were more sensitive to the former condition, suggesting that chamber temperature is important for improving the TOC oxidation rates of refractory organic matter.

다양한 환경요인과 난분해성 유기물에 따른 고온산화 및 UV산화방식 총 유기탄소 산화율 변화

정헌재,이보미,이근헌,신현상,허진 한국물환경학회 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.33 No.2

This study examined the effects of environmental conditions and the presence of refractory organic matter on oxidation rates of total organic carbon (TOC) measurements based on high temperature combustion and ultraviolet-sulfate methods. Spectroscopic indices for prediction of oxidation rates were also explored using the UV spectra and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) of humic acids. Furthermore, optimum TOC instrument conditions were suggested by comparing oxidation rates of a standard TOC material under various conditions. Environmental conditions included salts, reduced ions, and suspended solids. Salts had the greatest influence on oxidation rates in the UV-sulfate method. However, no effect was detected in the high temperature combustion method. The UV-sulfate method showed lower humic substance oxidation rates, refractory natural organic matter, compared to the other methods. TOC oxidation rates for the UV-sulfate method were negatively correlated with higher specific-UV absorbance, humification index, and humic-like EEM peak intensities, suggesting that these spectroscopic indices could be used to predict TOC oxidation rates. TOC signals from instruments using the UV-sulfate method increased with increasing chamber temperature and increasing UV exposure durations. Signals were more sensitive to the former condition, suggesting that chamber temperature is important for improving the TOC oxidation rates of refractory organic matter.

Biodegradation-induced signatures in sediment pore water dissolved organic matter: Implications from artificial sediments composed of two contrasting sources

Derrien, Morgane,Shin, Kyung-Hoon,Hur, Jin Elsevier 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.694 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biodegradation is one of the main processes causing the changes in amount, composition and properties of organic matter in sediment and water-sediment interface. The degradation processes of sediment organic matter lead to a release of dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the pore water via hydrolysis and depolymerization of particulate organic matter (POM). Whereas the pore waters represent a reactive zone in sediment closely linked to biogeochemistry of the substrate, they are still poorly characterized under diagenetic processes. In this study, we examined the DOM alterations in sediment pore water originating from the mixtures of two contrasting POM sources at known ratios through controlled incubation experiments with two different oxygen conditions (i.e., oxic versus anoxic). The changes in pore water DOM were tracked using fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. The results based on the sediments artificially mixed of two end-member sources (e.g., soil and algae) showed that the most affected parameter during the biodegradation process was the amount of the pore water DOM. It was also demonstrated that the changes in the spectroscopic and molecular properties were more dependent on the POM sources and the mixing ratios rather than on the oxygen conditions. This study provides insights into the responding features of DOM in a reactive sediment zone as pore water to the main biogeochemical process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Degradation-induced changes were examined for sediment pore water DOM. </LI> <LI> DOC is the most affected parameter of sediment pore water by biodegradation. </LI> <LI> Mixing ratios of POM sources in sediment highly affect the pore water DOM properties. </LI> <LI> Oxygen does not affect biodegradation-induced alterations as much as sediment sources. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Sunlight-driven photocatalysis of dissolved organic matter: Tracking by excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis and optimization using response surface methodology

Thao Thi Nguyen,Seong-Nam Nam 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.3

This study investigates the photocatalysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM) under ZnO-assisted artificial sunlight irradiation. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) was utilized for design of experiments with ZnO dosage and pH. Fluorescence excitation–emission matrices coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and UV/Vis spectroscopy were used to track the DOM degradation during photocatalysis. EEM-PARAFAC analysis decomposed fluorescent DOM into two components (C1 and C2), identified as terrestrial humic-like organic matters. A pseudo-first-order DOM removal decreased with increased ZnO dosage, and were highest at pH 7 and lowest at pH 4. Response surface models of DOC, UV254, C1 and C2 removals demonstrated statistically significant and well matched with a second-order polynomial equation based on analysis of variance (ANOVA). First-order terms were the highest contributor, in which ZnO dosage had the highest level of significance, to the DOM removal. The optimal conditions for the photocatalysis of DOM were found to be ZnO 0.3 g/L and pH 10, showing that the removals of DOC, UV254, C1 and C2 were 57.9%, 94.5%, 100%, and 98.0%, respectively. In addition, ZnO showed a good stability and better photodegradation efficiency than TiO₂ in the DOM removal.