정수슬러지 특성과 폴리머 개량에 따른 점성 변화

구석본, 곽복식, 권재현 경성대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏報 Vol.10 No.1

The most important thing in sludge treatment is to reduce the volume of sludge. To achieve this purpose, sludge is usually dewatered after conditioning by polymer. For efficient dewatering and its economic operation, polymer should be dosed properly. Therefore, the possibility of filtrate viscosity as a tool for the optimization of polymer dose in waterworks sludge conditioning was estimated in this study. In conclusion, it may be effective and accuracy to use filtrate viscosity as a control parameter to determine the optimum dose of polymer in sludge dewatering. Especially in case of cationic polymer conditioning, filtrate viscosity can be used effectively for this purpose. However, In contrast filtrate viscosity can not be utilized as a control tool if nonionic or anionic polymer were dosed.

무기개량제를 이용한 소화 및 농축슬러지의 개량 및 탈수 특성

김정호,남세용,Kim, Jeong-Ho,Nam, Se-Yong 한국환경보건학회 2011 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.37 No.6

Objectives: Wastewater treatment plants typically produce a large volume of waste sludge. In this study, the conditioning and dewatering properties of a digested and thickened sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant were investigated in order to improve the dewaterbility of the sludge. Methods: Jar-tests and Buchner funnel tests were carried out to assess the conditioning and dewatering properties of a waste sludge. TTF (Time to Filter Test) and SRF (Specific Resistance to Filtration) were adopted as the indices of sludge dewaterbility. Results: The valuation indices influencing the dewaterbility of the waste sludge, including TTF, SRF, water contents, VS/TS ratio and turbidity, were measured. The TTF and SRF of the digested and thickened sludge were decreased to 40 sec, $3.43{\times}10^{12}$ m/kg, and 39 sec, $1.09{\times}10^{12}$ m/kg, respectively. Conclusions: The conditioner composed of natural inorganic materials turned out to be effective in the reduction of sludge water contents.

가열온도, 가열시간 및 부형제의 첨가량이 도축 반추위 내용물의 자일란, 셀룰로오스 및 전분 분해효소 활성에 미치는 영향

원미영,이도형,김은중,Won, Mi Young,Lee, Do Hyung,Kim, Eun Joong 한국초지조사료학회 2013 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 도축장에서 폐기되는 도축 반추위 내용물을 사일리지 혹은 TMR (total mixed ration) 사료 첨가용 효소제로 개발하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 도축 반추위 내용물에는 상당한 수분이 함유되어 있어, 적절한 건조과정을 거치지 않고서는 그 활용이 원활하지 않다. 그러나 효소는 열에 민감한 단백질로 구성되어 있기 때문에 적절한 건조 조건의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 통계적 방법을 이용하여 가열온도(60, 75, $90^{\circ}C$), 가열시간(12, 30, 48 시간) 및 부형제의 비율(12, 22.5, 33%)이 도축 반추위 내용물에 함유된 다양한 효소활성에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 총 3가지 효소, xylan 분해효소, 셀룰로오스 분해효소 및 전분 분해효소를 검토하였고, 각 효소활성들에 대한 각 요인들의 효과가 매우 다양하게 나타났다(p<0.05). 셀룰로오스 분해효소와 전분 분해효소의 활성은 가열온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였으며(p<0.05), xylan 분해해소는 열에 대한 안전성이 다른 효소들에 비하여 우수하였다. 자일란, 셀룰로오스, 전분 분해효소를 증가시키는 적정 부형제의 비율은 22.5, 12 그리고 33%로 나타났다. 비록 3가지 효소들의 제형화에 있어 공통적으로 적용될 수 있는 최적점을 도출하지는 못하였으나, 본 연구결과에서 얻어진 효소들의 반응 값들을 이용하여 목적하는 효소에 따라서 다양한 방법으로 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted in order to develop slaughterhouse rumen content (SRC) as a potential feed additive. The moisture content of SRC can reach 80%, and therefore an appropriate dewatering process is required before it can be used. In this study, the effects of heating temperature, heating time, and filler content during the dewatering process on the activity of various enzymes in SRC were investigated. The Box-Behnken experimental design was employed, involving a total of 45 experimental runs, consisting of three variables (heating time, heating temperature, and filler content) with three levels per variable (12, 30 and 48 hr; 60, 75 and $90^{\circ}C$; 12, 22.5 and 33% for heating time, heating temperature, and filler content, respectively). For enzyme activities, xylanase, cellulase, and amylase were examined, and the results were subjected to an analysis of variance. Heating time, heating temperature and filler content had significant effects on the activity of each enzyme (p<0.05). Cellulase and amylase activities decreased (p<0.05) at elevated heating temperatures, whereas xylanase was reasonably stable around $90^{\circ}C$. The activities of all enzymes decreased (p<0.05) with increased heating time. Optimum filler contents for xylanase, cellulase, and amylase activities were 22.5, 12 and 33%, respectively. However, optimum conditions for all variables that simultaneously maximize the activity of all three enzymes could not be ascertained in this study. Nevertheless, the results from the current study can be useful as basic information for the development of SRC as a feed additive enriched with improved major enzymes for livestock feed digestion.

하수슬러지의 케이크 함수율 저감을 위한 다중약품 시스템의 응용

배영한,김지은,황경수,김영한 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2006 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Efficient methods for sewage dewatering process were investigated on both the kinds of flocculants and the pre-treatment using organic or inorganic coagulants to conditioning the sludge. And we estimated the interaction relationship between flocculant and coagulant for sludge conditioning to dehydrate from sludge. As the result, it shown that the cationic 20 mol% and 60 mol% polymeric flocculant have superior than other ionic flocculant on dewatering process for the concentrated sludge. And it is possible to optimize the dewaterability due to control for relationship between the molecular weight of flocculant and flocculation rate as a functional relation. In the conditioning process by coagulant, polyamine and polyDADMAC as organic coagulants are available for the flocculants which have low molecular weight, but, the inorganic coagulant is useful to high molecular weight flocculants. It means that the optimization for dewatering process by flocculant and coagulant on conditioning process is very helpful to reduce the water content in sludge cake for sewage treatment.

개량조건이 하수슬러지 탈수에 미치는 영향

김정호,남세용 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2012 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.29 No.8

This study aimed to investigate the influence of the conditioning properties such as pH, mixing speed and reaction time on the dewaterability of sewage sludge and compare the performance with the derived conditions at the different solid concentrations. Performance parameters including time to filter test (TTF), specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and water content showed the optimum result at the pH value of 3, the rapid mixing speed of 200 rpm, and the slow reaction time of 20 min. In case of 20,000 mg/L of TS, a dosage of 1.0 g inorganic conditioner/L-sludge decreased TTF, SRF, water content of dewatered sludge cake, turbidity of the supernatant from 146 to 22 sec, 2.0 x 1014 to 0.4 x 1014 m/kg, 81.6 to 74.8% and 112 to 51 NTU, respectively.

도시하수슬러지의 농축과 탈수

이진우(Jin Woo Lee),최훈창(Hoon Chang Choi),최정동(Jeong Dong Choi),정경영(Gyung Yeung Jung),전석주(SeoK Ju Jun),권수열(Soo Yul Kwon),안영호(Young Ho Ahn) 大韓環境工學會 2005 대한환경공학회지 Vol.27 No.1

금속염 응집제를 이용한 폐 슬러지 개량 및 탈수 특성

이창한(Chang Han Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2008 대한환경공학회지 Vol.30 No.8

N하수처리장 정화조.분뇨케익의 재활용을 위한 지렁이 사육 조건검토

김경환(Kim.K.Y),이철범(C. B. Lee),최훈근(H. G. Choi),배재근(C. G.Phae) 유기성자원학회 2000 유기물자원화 Vol.8 No.2

본 연구에서는 지렁이처리기술의 실증실힘을 통하여 규모의 확대기능성을 파악하고 아울러 유기성오니 처리에 대한 대책방안을 제시하기 위한 목적으로 실제 현장에 사육상을 설치하여 지렁이의 이식방법에 따른 지렁이의 거동 및 정화조 분뇨오니의 처리효율에 대하여 비닐하우스상과 비교 검토하였다 그 결과, 노지시육상에서의 지렁이의 지렁이사육상의 6개월간 먹이 섭취율은 0.27~0.33톤1m2 로 나타나고 분변토 발생량은 사육상 6개월간 단위면적당 평균 0 .15톤1m2 이었으며 급이된 분뇨게잊의 약 45.5% (44.1 ~46. 7%)로 나타나 절반 정도가 분변토로 배출되어, 비닐하우스사육상간의 차이는보이지 않았다.노지 사육상에서의 지렁이 서식밀도는 최대밀도가 7kg/m2을 기록한 적도 있으나 평균적으로 약 6.5kg/m2을 나타내었고 계절별로는 봄과 가을에 밀도가 높으나 여름에는 다소 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 노지사육상에서의 지렁이의 연령분포도는 성체가 많고 유체가 적게 나타나는 역피라미드 형으로 나타났다. 지령이를 이용하여 처리하는 당해사엽소(하우스시설 1200평 노지 7000평)에는 매립처리비용 및 운반비로 소요되는 비용의 절감효과와 생산된 분변토를 판매한 수익으로 월간 960만원의 수입이 창출되었을 뿐만 아니라 기존의 매립처리방법에 비하여 환경친화적인 것으로 판단되었다. This srudy was conducted to investigate the expandibility of sludge treaunent by earthworm through real scale experiment and the oprimum counter-plan for organic sludge treatment. For the purposes, sludge removal effìcienciesof night-soil using eanhworm and it’s behavior according to the transplanring methods of the earthworm on non-cover worm bed or in the green house worm bed were compared. Sludge uptake rates on non-cover worm bed for 6 months were 0.27 ~ 0 .33 ton/m 2 and rhe excrement of earrhworm yields 0 . 15ton/m2 (44 .1 ~46 .7% of raw night soil sludge dosage ). These results were not much differenr f1'Om the worm bed in the green house. The average and maximum earthworm density were about 6.5kg/m2 and 7kg/m2 respectively on the noncover worm bed. The density of the worm bed was comparatively higher in spring and fall rerms but lower in summer. The amounr of old earthworm was much plenty than young earthworm on the non-cover worm bed, resulting in reverse distribution type of pyramid. From the experiments on non-cover worm bed(7,000 pyeong) and in the green house worm bed(l,200 pyeong) , it was concluded that lanfil and transporring cost could be reduced when the earthworm was applied for the night-soil sludge treatment. Profìts from the excrement sale of earthworm was 9,600,000 won. Through this study, it was founded that earthworm treatment method for organic sludge are much more environmentally sound than landfìll treatment.

슬러지의 탈수 특성에 대한 마이크로파와 약품개량의 영향

박상숙(Sang Sook Park),강화영(Hwa Young Kang),왕승호(Seung Ho Wang) 大韓環境工學會 2005 대한환경공학회지 Vol.27 No.7