지각과민처치제가 초음파 스케일링 처리한 비우식성 치경부 병소가 있는 치아의 지각과민증에 주는 영향

조재형(Jae-Hyung Cho),석수황(Soohwang Seok),이상혁(Sang-Hyeok Lee),임범순(Bum-Soon Lim) 대한치과재료학회 2016 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.43 No.1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in dentinal permeability after application of dentin desensitizer on exposed dentin immediately after ultrasonic scaling to teeth with non-carious cervical lesions. Thirty caries-free extracted molars were fixed to slide glasses after horizontally being sectioned at 5 mm below the cemento- enamel junction (CEJ). The prepared specimen was connected to a fluid flow measuring device (nano-Flow), and a V-shaped cavity was formed at the CEJ to imitate the non-carious cervical lesion. After no fluid leakage was confirmed in the connected system with specimen, tooth surface was treated ultrasonic cleaning with piezoelectric ultrasonic scalers until dentinal tubules were exposed. And 6 different desensitizers were applied on exposed dentin. Real-time measurements of dentinal fluid flow were performed during ultrasonic scaling and application of dentin desensitizer. To evaluate the occlusion of exposed dentinal tubules, tooth surface was examined by SEM. Following results were observed. After ultrasonic scaling, more dentinal tubules were exposed on the tooth with non-carious cervical lesions compared to tooth without lesions. The rate of fluid flow measured with nano-Flow system had correlation with the degree of dentin occlusion observed with SEM after application of desensitizers on exposed dentin. Desensitizers with glutaraldehyde and HEMA did not decrease the rate of fluid flow and did not show dentin occlusion. Desensitizers with oxalate showed the limited effects on the rate of fluid flow and dentinal tubule occlusion. Desensitizer with resin monomer showed the significant effect on the rate of fluid flow and dentin occlusion.

Comparison of effect of desensitizing agents on the retention of crowns cemented with luting agents: an in vitro study

Sonune Shital Jalandar,Dange Shankar Pandharinath,Khalikar Arun,Vaidya Smita 대한치과보철학회 2012 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.4 No.3

PURPOSE. Many dentists use desensitizing agents to prevent hypersensitivity. This study compared and evaluated the effect of two desensitizing agents on the retention of cast crowns when cemented with various luting agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ninety freshly extracted human molars were prepared with flat occlusal surface, 6 degree taper and approximately 4 mm axial length. The prepared specimens were divided into 3 groups and each group is further divided into 3 subgroups. Desensitizing agents used were GC Tooth Mousse and GLUMA® desensitizer. Cementing agents used were zinc phosphate, glass ionomer and resin modified glass ionomer cement. Individual crowns with loop were made from base metal alloy. Desensitizing agents were applied before cementation of crowns except for control group. Under tensional force the crowns were removed using an automated universal testing machine. Statistical analysis included oneway ANOVA followed by Turkey-Kramer post hoc test at a preset alpha of 0.05. RESULTS. Resin modified glass ionomer cement exhibited the highest retentive strength and all dentin treatments resulted in significantly different retentive values (In Kg.): GLUMA (49.02 +/- 3.32) > Control (48.61 +/- 3.54) > Tooth mousse (48.34 +/- 2.94). Retentive strength for glass ionomer cement were GLUMA (41.14 +/- 2.42) > Tooth mousse (40.32 +/- 3.89) > Control (39.09 +/- 2.80). For zinc phosphate cement the retentive strength were lowest GLUMA (27.92 +/- 3.20) > Control (27.69 +/- 3.39) > Tooth mousse (25.27 +/- 4.60). CONCLUSION. The use of GLUMA® desensitizer has no effect on crown retention. GC Tooth Mousse does not affect the retentive ability of glass ionomer and resin modified glass ionomer cement, but it decreases the retentive ability of zinc phosphate cement.

지각과민 처치제 도포 후 칫솔질에 의한 마모가 상아질 투과도에 미치는 영향

이종욱,심준성,이근우,Lee Jong-Wook,Shim June-Sung,Lee Keun-Woo 대한치과보철학회 2001 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.39 No.2

To study the effect of dentin permeability on a tooth with wear from tooth brushing after application of desensitizing agent, extracted teeth free from caries were chosen. Coronal dentin discs with thickness of 1mm were prepared. Using the split chamber device developed by Pashely, hydraulic conductance, scanning electron microscope images(SEM) and atomic force microscope images(AFM) were compared and contrasted before and immediately after the application of desensitizing agent and after equivalent tooth brushing of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks. Four commercially available desensitizing agents were used in this study ; they were Gluma, Seal & Protect, All-Bond 2 and MS Coat. The results of this study are as follows. 1. On all specimens, the hydraulic conductance decreased after the application of tooth desensitizing agent. 2. Except the specimens treated with MS Coat, the remaining specimens had an increase in dentin permeability after tooth brushing for 1 and 2 weeks but a decrease after 6 weeks. 3. The specimens treated with MS Coat had statistically significant increase in the dentin permeability regardless with the duration of tooth brushing. 4. On examination of SEM and AFM, the dentinal tubule diameter had decreased after treatment of desensitizing agents. The specimens other than those treated with MS Coat, smear layers were noted after tooth brushing. It is not always consistant but the hydraulic conductance correlated with the images from SEM and AFM.

상아질 지각과민 처치제의 적용 중에 일어나는 상아세관액 유동의 실시간 측정

김선영,김은주,이인복 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.5

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine changes in the dentinal fluid flow (DFF) during desensitizing agent application and to compare permeability after application among the agents. Materials and Methods: A Class 5 cavity was prepared to exposure cervical dentin on an extracted human premolar which was connected to a sub-nanoliter fluid flow measuring device (NFMD) under 20 cm water pressure. DFF was measured from before application of desensitizing agent (Seal&Protect, SP; SuperSeal, SS; BisBlock, BB; Gluma desensitizer, GL; Bi-Fluoride 12, BF) through application procedure to 5 min after application. Results: DFF rate after each desensitizing agent application was significantly reduced when compared to initial DFF rate before application (p < 0.05). SP showed a greater reduction in DFF rate than GL and BF did (p < 0.05). SS and BB showed a greater reduction in DFF rate than BF did (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Characteristic DFF aspect of each desensitizing agent was shown in NFMD during the application procedure. 연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 미세 유체 흐름 측정장치를 이용해서 각 상아질 지각과민 처치제의 적용 과정 중 발생하는 상아 세관액 흐름의 유동을 관찰하고, 상아질 지각과민 처치제 간 적용 후 투과도 감소의 차이를 비교하고자 하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: CEJ 5 mm 하방에서 절단한 소구치를 미세 흐름 측정장치에 연결하여 20 cm H₂O의 정수압을 가하였다. 치경부에 상하 3 mm, 근원심 4 mm, 깊이 2 mm의 V자 형태의 5급 와동을 형성하고 smear layer를 제거하기 위해 15초 동안 산 부식한 후 상아질 지각과민 처치제를 적용하였다. 사용된 상아질 지각과민 처치제는 Seal&Protect (SP), SuperSeal (SS), BisBlock (BB), Gluma desensitizer (GL), Bifluoride 12 (BF) 이다. 상아세관액의 흐름은 지각과민 처치제 도포 전부터 도포 후 5분까지 실시간으로 측정되었다. 결과: 실험에 사용한 모든 상아질 지각과민 처치제는 적용 후의 상아세관액 흐름율이 적용 전에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다(p < 0.05). SP는 GL과 BF에 비해 유의하게 투과도 감소가 나타났다 (p < 0.05). SS와 BB는 BF에 비해 유의하게 투과도 감소를 보였다 (p < 0.05). 결론: 지각과민 처치제의 도포 과정 동안 각 처치제의 특징적인 상아세관액의 유동을 미세 유체 흐름 측정장치를 통해 관찰 할 수 있었다.

The effect of dentin desensitizers and Nd:YAG laser pre-treatment on microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement to dentin

Acar, Ozlem,Tuncer, Duygu,Yuzugullu, Bulem,Celik, Cigdem The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.2

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if pre-treatment with desensitizers have a negative effect on microtensile bond strength before cementing a restoration using recently introduced self-adhesive resin cement to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-five human molars' occlusal surfaces were ground to expose dentin; and were randomly grouped as (n=5); 1) Gluma-(Glutaraldehyde/HEMA) 2) Aqua-Prep F-(Fluoride), 3) Bisblock-(Oxalate), 4) Cervitec Plus-(Clorhexidine), 5) Smart protect-(Triclosan), 6) Nd:YAG laser, 7) No treatment (control). After applying the selected agent, RelyX U200 self-adhesive resin cement was used to bond composite resin blocks to dentin. All groups were subjected to thermocycling for 1000 cycles between $5-55^{\circ}C$. Each bonded specimen was sectioned to microbars ($6mm{\times}1mm{\times}1mm$) (n=20). Specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene's test, Kruskal-Wallis One-way Analysis of Variance, and Conover's nonparametric statistical analysis were used (P<.05). RESULTS. Gluma, Smart Protect and Nd:YAG laser treatments showed comparable microtensile bond strengths compared with the control group (P>.05). The microtensile bond strengths of Aqua-Prep F, and Cervitec Plus were similar to each other but significantly lower than the control group (P<.05). Bisblock showed the lowest microtensile bond strength among all groups (P<.001). Most groups showed adhesive failure. CONCLUSION. Within the limitation of this study, it is not recommended to use Aqua-prep F, Cervitec Plus and Bisblock on dentin when used with a self-adhesive resin cement due to the decrease they cause in bond strength. Beside, pre-treatment of dentin with Gluma, Smart protect, and Nd:YAG laser do not have a negative effect.

The effect of dentin desensitizers and Nd:YAG laser pre-treatment on microtensile bond strength of selfadhesive resin cement to dentin

Ozlem Acar,Duygu Tuncer,Bulem Yuzugullu,Cigdem Celik 대한치과보철학회 2014 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.6 No.2

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if pre-treatment with desensitizers have a negative effect on microtensile bond strength before cementing a restoration using recently introduced self-adhesive resin cement to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-five human molars’occlusal surfaces were ground to expose dentin; and were randomly grouped as (n=5); 1) Gluma-(Glutaraldehyde/HEMA) 2) Aqua-Prep F-(Fluoride), 3) Bisblock-(Oxalate), 4) Cervitec Plus-(Clorhexidine), 5) Smart protect-(Triclosan), 6) Nd:YAG laser, 7) No treatment(control). After applying the selected agent, RelyX U200 self-adhesive resin cement was used to bond composite resin blocks to dentin. All groups were subjected to thermocycling for 1000 cycles between 5-55°C. Each bonded specimen was sectioned to microbars (6 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm) (n=20). Specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Levene’ test, Kruskal–allis One-way Analysis of Variance, and Conover’ nonparametric statistical analysis were used(P<.05). RESULTS. Gluma, Smart Protect and Nd:YAG laser treatments showed comparable microtensile bond strengths compared with the control group (P>.05). The microtensile bond strengths of Aqua-Prep F, and Cervitec Plus were similar to each other but significantly lower than the control group (P<.05). Bisblock showed the lowest microtensile bond strength among all groups (P<.001). Most groups showed adhesive failure. CONCLUSION. Within the limitation of this study, it is not recommended to use Aqua-prep F, Cervitec Plus and Bisblock on dentin when used with a self-adhesive resin cement due to the decrease they cause in bond strength. Beside, pre-treatment of dentin with Gluma, Smart protect, and Nd:YAG laser do not have a negative effect.

불소도포 및 지각과민처치제 적용 후 상아세관 폐쇄효과와 지속력 평가

이예진 ( Ye-jin Lee ),정문진 ( Moon-jin Jeong ),안용순 ( Yong-soon Ahn ),천수경 ( Su-kyung Cheun ),정순정 ( Soon-jeong Jeong ),임도선 ( Do-seon Lim ) 한국치위생과학회 2016 치위생과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 치과병·의원에서 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 불소화합물과 지각과민처치제의 상아세관 폐쇄효과를 비교분석하고, 전동칫솔질을 시행하여 시간경과에 따른 유효성 분의 지속력을 평가하고자 하였다. 발거된 지 3개월 이내의 우식이나 수복, 보철물이 없는 건전한 사람의 대구치 35개를 선택하여 4등분하였고 이 중 135개의 시편을 본 연구에 사용하였다. 이들 시편을 아무런 처치를 하지 않은 대조군과 5개의 실험군으로 구분하였고, 실험군은 산성불화인산염, 불소바니쉬, Gluma, Super Seal, SE-Bond를 선정하여 대상치아에 도포하였다. 이후 1주(140회), 2주(280회), 4주 (560회)에 해당하는 전동칫솔질을 시행하였고, 각 시편별 3 부위를 주사전자현미경(SEM)으로 상아세관 폐쇄도를 관찰하였다. 그 결과 전동칫솔질 시행 1주, 2주, 4주에서 모두 불소바니쉬 도포군의 상아세관 폐쇄도가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로 SE-Bond 도포군이 높게 나타났다. 또한 Gluma 도포군은 다른 실험군에 비해 가장 낮은 상아세관 폐쇄도를 나타냈으며, 칫솔질 시행 4주에서는 Gluma 도포군과 Super Seal 도포군이 다른 실험군에 비해 낮은 상아세관 폐쇄도를 나타냈다. 본 연구를 종합하면, 처치 4주 후에도 불소바니쉬와 SE-Bond는 다른 실험군에 비해 상아세관 폐쇄도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 임상에서 지각과민 치료 시 불소바니쉬와 SE-Bond의 사용이 효과적일 것으로 생각된다 This study compared and analyzed the occluding effects of fluoride compounds and desensitizers, which are commonly used in dental clinics, on dentinal tubules. This study also evaluated the persistence of the active ingredients over time by performing toothbrushing with an electric toothbrush. Thirty-five molar teeth, which had been extracted within the past 3 months from healthy people without tooth decays, amalgam fillings, or dental crowns, were divided into 4 pieces each. Of these, 135 teeth pieces were used as study specimens. These specimens were divided into a control group, an untreated group, and 5 experimental groups (acidulated fluoride gel, fluoride varnish, Gluma, Super Seal, and SE-Bond). The specimens were then subjected to toothbrushing equivalent to 1 week (140 times), 2 weeks (280 times), and 4 weeks (560 times), and the occluding effects on dentinal tubules in 3 regions of each specimen were examined under a scanning electron microscope. The fluoride varnish treated group showed the highest degree of dentinal tubule occlusion effects during the first, second, and fourth weeks of toothbrushing, with the SE-Bond treated group showing the second highest degree and the Gluma treated group showing the lowest degree. After 4 weeks of toothbrushing, the Gluma treated group and the Super Seal treated group showed the lowest degrees of dentinal tubule occlusion effects. In summary, the fluoride varnish treated group and the SE-Bond treated group displayed higher occlusion effects even after 4 weeks of treatment than did the other experimental groups. Therefore, it is the authors’ belief that fluoride varnish and SE-Bond are effective for treating dentinal hyperesthesia.

치근면 활택술 후 적용된 상아질 지각과민 억제제의 상아세관 폐쇄효과에 대한 주사전자 현미경적 연구

김남균,임성빈,정진형,Kim, Nam-Kyun,Lim, Sung-Bin,Chung, Chin-Hyung 대한치주과학회 2002 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.32 No.3

The purpose of this study was to observe the degree of surface obliteration of dentinal tubule using Gluma(R) desensitizer and MS coat(R) with 15 specimens made out of 15 extracted lower incisors. They were divided into Root planning group(control), Gluma(R) desensitizer group(test I ) and MS coat(R) group(test II). Degree of Obliteration was examined under the scanning electron microscope(${\times}$2000). The following results were obtained: 1. In the root planning group(control), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 73.8%, the partial obliteration for 17.2% and the complete obliteration for 9.0%. 2. In the Gluma(R) desensitizer group (test I), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 23.6%, the partial obliteration for 42.8% and the complete obliteration for 33.6%. 3. In the MS coat(R) group (test II), the complete open of dentinal tubule surface was accounted for 19.2%, the partial obliteration for 45.6% and the complete obliteration for 35.2%. 4. The average number of open dentinal tubules in the control was significantly higher than in the test I and II (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the test I and II. 5. The average number of the partially obliterated and the completely blocked dentinal tubules in the control was significantly lower than the test I and II(P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the test I and II. The results of this study suggest that Gluma(R) desensitizer and MS coat(R) is significantly effective on dentinal tubule obliteration, therefore they were effective on hypersensitivity caused by periodontal treatment

Effects of a new desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets

Ahmet Yagci,Tancan Uysal,Hatice Akinci,Banu Uysal 대한치과교정학회 2011 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.41 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear bond strength (SBS) and failure site location of brackets bonded to enamel with or without desensitizer application. Methods: Sixty-six freshly extracted human premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 22. Group 1 served as the control. Desensitizer was applied to the remaining teeth at two time intervals (Group 2, bonded immediately after Pro-Relief™ (Colgate-Palmolive Co., New York, NY, USA) application and Group 3, bonded 30 days after Pro-Relief™ application with the teeth stored in artificial saliva during the 30 days). Orthodontic brackets were bonded with a light cure composite resin and cured with a halogen light. After bonding, the SBS of the brackets was tested using a universal testing device. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined after the brackets failed. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, Tukey’s HSD, and G tests. Results: The SBS was significantly lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 (p = 0.024) and 3 (p = 0.017). Groups 1 and Group 3 did not differ (p = 0.991). ARI scores did not differ significantly among groups. Conclusions: The Pro-Relief™ desensitizer agent applied immediately before bonding significantly reduces bond strength, but the SBS values still exceed the minimum 5.9 - 7.8 MPa required for adequate clinical performance. Immersing the teeth in artificial saliva for 30 days after applying the Pro-Relief™ desensitizer agent and before bonding increased the SBS to control levels.

Dentin Hypersensitivity: Etiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Recent Trends in Management

Surbhi Agarwal 대한예방치과학회 2019 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.15 No.2

Dentin hypersensitivity is dental pain which is sharp in nature and persist for short duration, a comes from exposed dentin surfaces in response to stimuli, mainly thermal, tactile, osmotic, chemical or electrical. The main cause of sensitivity is receding gums with exposure of root surfaces, loss of the cementum layer and smear layer, and tooth wear. Theoretically noticed, the reported incidence is usually higher than when clinical examination is used. Overall, it is estimated to affect about 20% of the general population to some degree. The diagnosis of dentin hypersensitivity may be challenging. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, reached once all other possible explanations for the pain have been ruled out. There is no universally accepted, gold-standard treatment which reliably relieves the pain of dental hypersensitivity in the long term, and consequently many treatments have been suggested which have varying degrees of efficacy when scientifically studied. Generally, they can be divided into in-office, or treatments which can be carried out at home, available over-the-counter or by prescription. Non-invasive, simple treatments which can be carried out at home should be attempted before in-office procedures are carried out.