지역, 성별 및 중량에 따른 참홍어(Beringraja pulchra)의 맛 및 영양 성분 비교

조현수 ( Hyun Su Jo ),김기현 ( Ki Hyun Kim ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),김현정 ( Hyeon Jeong Kim ),권대현 ( Dae Hyeon Kwon ),임양재 ( Yang Jae Im ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김진수 ( Jin Soo Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.2

This study investigated the taste and nutritional properties of domestic mottled skate Beringraja pulchra as affected by the area caught, sex, and weight. Regardless of these three parameters, free amino acids comprised the main factor affecting taste in all B. pulchras. Taste values for B. puIchra ranged from 2.24 to 3.61, which were much lower than values for other fish. The total amino acid content in B. pulchra ranged from 18.82 to 21.34 g/100g, similar to values in other fish. The major amino acids affecting both the taste value and total amino acid in B. pulchra were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and lysine. Mineral content in B. pulchra was as follows: calcium. 252.7-288.3 mg/100g; phosphorus, 248.2-269.3mg/100g; potassium, 345.9-389.5 mg/100g; magnesium, 24.1-26.7mg/100g; and iron, 0.4-0.7mg/100g. Based on the results of free amino acid and taste value (used as an indicator to evaluate taste), and total amino acid and minerals (used as an indicator to evaluate nutritional value), the taste and nutritional properties of B. pulchra were not influenced by the area caught or weight, but were affected by the sex of the fish.

인천 연안에 출현하는 참홍어 (Beringraja pulchra)의 식성

정경숙,박준,손명호,이형빈,한송헌,조현수,김맹진 한국어류학회 2018 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

The feeding habits of Beringraja pulchra were studied using 203 specimens collected from February 2017 to March 2018 in the coastal waters of Incheon, Korea. The size of B. pulchra ranged from 31.1 to 77.7 cm in disc width (DW) and the stomachs of 16 specimens were empty. B. pulchra was a carnivore that mainly consumed fishes and shrimps, but also ate various benthic crustaceans and other invertebrates with small amounts. The main prey items in the diets of shrimps and fishes were Crangon hakodatei and Ammodytes personatus, respectively. The proportion of fishes in prey items increased with size-related while that of shrimps decreased. With increasing disc width of B. pulchra, the mean number of preys per stomach (mN/ST) and the mean weight of preys per stomach (mW/ST) were increased. 인천 주변해역에 출현하는 참홍어의 식성을 분석하기 위해 2017년 2월부터 2018월 3월까지 총 203개체를 채집하였다. 참홍어의 체반장은 31.1∼77.7 cm의 범위였으며, 16개체는 공복상태였다. 참홍어는 주로 어류와 새우류를 섭식하는 육식성 어류로 확인되었으며, 그 외 다양한 저서 갑각류와 무척추동물을 소량 섭식하였다. 가장 중요한 먹이생물로 새우류인 마루자주새우의 섭식비율이 가장 높았고, 어류는 까나리의 섭식비율이 높았다. 참홍어의 체장이 커질수록 새우류의 비율은 감소하였으며 어류의 비율은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 성장함에 따라 평균 먹이생물의 개체수와 중량은 증가하였다.

울릉도산 참홍어(Beringraja pulchra)의 관능 및 영양 특성

임양재 ( Yang Jae Lim ),조현수 ( Hyun Su Jo ),정경숙 ( Gyeong Suk Jeong ),황보규 ( Bo Kyu Hwang ),강상인 ( Sang In Kang ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김진수 ( Jin Soo Kim ) 한국수산과학회 2015 한국수산과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

This study compared the sensory and nutritional characteristics of mottled skate Beringraja pulchra caught off Ul-leung Island (U-MS), Korea, with those caught off Daecheong Island (D-MS). Based on their trichloroacetic acid-soluble nitrogen content, free amino acid content, and taste value, the taste of intermediate weight female U-MS was superior to that of both other U-MS and D-MS. The urea content of U-MS was higher in females than males and increased in the order heavy>intermediate>light individuals. There was, however, no difference in urea content between U-MS and D-MS. The taste and flavor characterization results suggest that the level of ammonia, which was converted from urea, influenced the quality of fermented U-DS. With the exception of the light U-DS, the other U-MS exhibited no difference in terms of hardness. The total amino acid content of U-MS was higher in females than males and increased in the order intermediate > heavy > light individuals. The total amino acid content of U-MS was also higher than that of D-MS. The major amino acids of all MSs were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, and lysine.

Changes in the Microbial Community of the Mottled Skate (Beringraja pulchra) during Alkaline Fermentation

박종빈,김수진,김은배 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.8

Beringraja pulchra, Cham-hong-eo in Korean, is a mottled skate which is belonging to the cartilaginous fish. Although this species is economically valuable in South Korea as an alkalinefermented food, there are few microbial studies on such fermentation. Here, we analyzed microbial changes and pH before, during, and after fermentation and examined the effect of inoculation by a skin microbiota mixture on the skate fermentation (control vs. treatment). To analyze microbial community, the V4 regions of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from the skates were amplified, sequenced and analyzed. During the skate fermentation, pH and total number of marine bacteria increased in both groups, while microbial diversity decreased after fermentation. Pseudomonas, which was predominant in the initial skate, declined by fermentation (Day 0: 11.39 ± 5.52%; Day 20: 0.61 ± 0.9%), while the abundance of Pseudoalteromonas increased dramatically (Day 0: 1.42 ± 0.41%; Day 20: 64.92 ± 24.15%). From our co-occurrence analysis, the Pseudoalteromonas was positively correlated with Aerococcaceae (r = 0.638) and Moraxella (r = 0.474), which also increased with fermentation, and negatively correlated with Pseudomonas (r = -0.847) during fermentation. There are no critically significant differences between control and treatment. These results revealed that the alkaline fermentation of skates dramatically changed the microbiota, but the initial inoculation by a skin microbiota mixture didn’t show critical changes in the final microbial community. Our results extended understanding of microbial interactions and provided the new insights of microbial changes during alkaline fermentation.

황해 동부해역 참홍어의 지리적 분포특성과 어획량 변동

장명훈 ( Myung Hun Jang ),조현수 ( Hyun Soo Jo ),권대현 ( Dae Hyun Kweon ),차병열 ( Byung Yul Cha ),황자혜 ( Ja Hye Hwang ),한경남 ( Kyung Nam Han ),임양재 ( Yang Jae Im ) 한국어류학회 2014 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

황해에서 주로 어획되는 참홍어의 분포 특성을 파악하기 위하여 2002년부터 2013년까지 황해 동부 해역에 30개 정점을 선정하여 오터트롤을 이용하여 참홍어를 채집 분석하였다. 조사기간 동안 892번의 트롤 예망 중에서 112회에 442개체의 참홍어가 채집되었다. 참홍어는 봄과 가을에 전체 조사해역에 넓게 분포하였으나, 여름에 북부 외해 일부해역과 겨울의 남부 외해에서 주로 분포하였다. 당년생의 참홍어는 봄과 가을에 조사해역의 연안역보다 외해에서 많이 출현하였다. 참홍어는 조사해역의 수온 3.8~14.5C, 염분 31.2~34.2 범위에서 분포하였으며, 수온은 참홍어의 분포에 영향을 미치고 적정 서식 수온은 5~14C이며 조사해역에서 수심과 염분은 참홍어 분포에 영향을 주지 않았다. 참홍어의 연도별 생산량은 어획생산변동 통계와 수협의 판매 자료를 이용하여 다시 산정하였다. Mottled skates, Beringraja pulchra, mainly found in the Yellow Sea were caught by otter trawl at 30 stations from 2002 to 2013 to identify the distribution patterns and ecology of the fish in the eastern Yellow Sea. A total of 442 individuals of mottled skate were caught at the 112 hauls of the total 892 hauls. The fish was widely distributed in the entire survey area in spring and autumn, and mainly caught in the northern offshore in summer and in the southern part in winter. The underyearlings of the mottled skate were mainly caught in the offshore in spring and autumn. The mottled skates were found at the temperature ranges of 3.8~~14.5C, and the salinity of 31.2~~34.2. The catch data of the fish suggested that water temperature be a critical factor for the distribution with the optimal ranges of 5~~14C. Salinity and water depth were not critical as much as the water temperature for the distribution of the mottled skates in the Yellow Sea. Also, the annual fluctuations of the fish catch were reviewed using the catch data from korea fisheries cooperative and national statistics from 1991 to 2009.

Spawning Characteristics and Artificial Hatching of Female Mottled Skate, Beringraja pulchra in the West Coast of Korea

Hee-Woong Kang,Yeong-Rok Jo,강덕영,Gyeong-Suk Jeong,조현수 한국발생생물학회 2013 발생과 생식 Vol.17 No.3

The gonadsomatic index (GSI) of mottled skate was the highest in April, GSI and HSI showed a reverse phase for its reproductive cycle. The fish had one pair of egg capsules, having 1 to 7 fertilized eggs, and spawned all the year round. When surveying the reproductive characteristics of females over 63 ㎝ in disc width, we found the spawning peak was between April to June, and the appearance ratio of egg capsules was the highest in May (32.1%). The eggs were hatched at 8℃, 13℃, 18℃, water temperature (12.8 to 24.2℃), and the best hatching temperature was 18℃. The number of fish hatched was 4 to 5 fish/egg capsules, and the hatching rate was 100%. The sex ratios of hatching larvae were 45.5% female and 54.5% male. Therefore this study will provide fundamental data and information for artificial reproduction of the mottled skate.

Spawning Characteristics and Artificial Hatching of Female Mottled Skate, Beringraja pulchra in the West Coast of Korea

Kang, Hee-Woong,Jo, Yeong-Rok,Kang, Duk-Yong,Jeong, Gyeong-Suk,Jo, Hyun-Su The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2013 발생과 생식 Vol.17 No.3

The gonadsomatic index (GSI) of mottled skate was the highest in April, GSI and HSI showed a reverse phase for its reproductive cycle. The fish had one pair of egg capsules, having 1 to 7 fertilized eggs, and spawned all the year round. When surveying the reproductive characteristics of females over 63 cm in disc width, we found the spawning peak was between April to June, and the appearance ratio of egg capsules was the highest in May (32.1%). The eggs were hatched at $8^{\circ}C$, $13^{\circ}C$, $18^{\circ}C$, water temperature (12.8 to $24.2^{\circ}C$), and the best hatching temperature was $18^{\circ}C$. The number of fish hatched was 4 to 5 fish/egg capsules, and the hatching rate was 100%. The sex ratios of hatching larvae were 45.5% female and 54.5% male. Therefore this study will provide fundamental data and information for artificial reproduction of the mottled skate.

수입산 홍어류의 품질 특성 비교

김기현 ( Ki Hyun Kim ),김진수 ( Jin Soo Kim ),최종덕 ( Jong Duck Choi ),허민수 ( Min Soo Heu ),김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),조현수 ( Hyun Su Jo ),차병열 ( Byung Yeul Cha ),김현정 ( Hyeon Jeong Kim ),정경숙 ( Gyeong Suk Jeong ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.3

This study was conducted to compare quality characteristics of imported skate rays. The moisture content was higher in imported skate rays than in domestic mottled skate, while the protein content displayed a contrasting pattern. From measurements of the volatile basic nitrogen content, pH, viable cell counts, and urea and ammonia contents, the freshness of skate rays imported from Chile, Canada and Uruguay was considered to be inferior to domestic mottled skate, while the freshness of skate rays imported from the USA was similar. The measurement of physicochemical properties revealed that four kinds of imported skate rays were of inferior quality, as compared to domestic mottled skate.