Chlorella vulgaris의 배양을 위한 Photobioreactor에 관한 연구

조만기,이정석,조덕제 동서대학교부설연구소 1997 연구소 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Until now, microalgae(Chlorella vulgaris), commonly known as seaweeds, are a rich and diverse source of unique feed for rotifer and microalgae and were cultivated mainly in an conventional open raceway pond photobioreactor. In this work, new photobioreactors were developd to avoid disadvantages of conventional photobioreactor. Higher growth rates could be achieved. As the light is the key factor for culturing microalgae, we focused on a sufficient supplement of kight for the microalgae. The developed photobioreactors were cylinder photobioreactor, spherical surface photobioreactor-Ⅰ, spherical surface photobioreactor-Ⅱ, plate type photobioreactor, raceway pond type photobioreactor and water wheel type photobioreactor. It was shown that the spherical surface photobioreactor-Ⅱ was the best one in respect to ??[1.05day??], also more resistant against drying up and pollution.

광생물 반응기 설계를 위한 CFD 입자추적기술

제시비톡 ( Jessie P. Bitog ),이인복 ( In-bok Lee ) 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2011 No.-

Photobioreactors has been widely considered to be the most effective and efficient growth vessel for mass production of photosynthetic microorganisms such as microalgae for various purposes. However, practicable photobioreactor designs are still in the process of development. This can be observed from the rapid increase of numerical simulation studies on the design and development photobioreactors. Among the numerical methods, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique holds the greatest potential considering its wide and practical application in multiphase flow systems. In this study, particle tracking technique of CFD was used to evaluate the performance of a 30L bubble type photobioreactor where the cells are considered as fine particles. The commercial CFD model Flow-3D was used in all tests. Flow-3D allows the release of particles from a user-defined source. A circular plane was defined as a source of particles in any part of the computational grid, with a given generation rate expressed in particles/second. The particles are passively transported by the flow and they do not interact with each other or with the fluid. The particles are assumed as spherical and defined by properties such as diameter and density. The locations of the particles were continuously tracked and the average amounts of light received by the particles were theoretically computed. The average growth of the cells was then computed based on the amount of light intensity distribution in the photobioreactor utilizing the Lambert-Beer Law proposed earlier by Lou and Al- Dahhan (2003). Results of the simulation study on growth of cells revealed good agreement with the growth of cells grown in a 30L photobioreactor.

Optimization of Radiator Position in an Internally Radiating Photobioreactor : A Model Simulation Study

SUH, IN SOO,LEE, SUN BOK 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2003 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.13 No.5

This study focused on the optimization of the illumination method for efficient use of light energies in a photobioreactor. In order to investigate the effect of radiator position, a model simulation study was carried out using Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 and an internally radiating photobioreactor as a model system. The efficiency of light transfer in a photobioreactor was analyzed by estimating the average light intensity in a photobioreactor. The simulation results indicate that there exists an optimal position of internal radiators, and that the optimal position varies with radiator number and cell concentration. When light radiators are placed at the optimal position, the average light intensity is about 30% higher than that obtained by placing radiators at the circumstance or center of a photobioreactor. The method presented in this work may be useful for improving light transfer efficiency in a photobioreactor.

Development of an X-Shape airlift photobioreactor for increasing algal biomass and biodiesel production

Pham, Hoang-Minh,Kwak, Ho Seok,Hong, Min-Eui,Lee, Jeewon,Chang, Won Seok,Sim, Sang Jun Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.239 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this work was to develop a high efficient photobioreactor for increasing biomass and lipid production in microalgae by assessment of the hydrodynamic properties and k<SUB>L</SUB>a which are important parameters for improving the algal cultivation efficiency. We designed three different photobioreactors (H-Shape, X-Shape and serial-column). Among them, X-Shape showed the highest hydrodynamic properties and k<SUB>L</SUB>a for algal cultivation. Thus, we evaluated the biomass and the lipid production in a 20L scale-up X-Shape photobioreactor. The biomass and lipid production from X-Shape photobioreactor are 1.359±0.007gL<SUP>−1</SUP> and 117.624±3.522mgL<SUP>−1</SUP>, respectively; which are 30.05% and 23.49% higher than those from the control photobioreactor. Finally, we observed the lipid from X-Shape had high MUFAs, CN and low IV, which is suitable for high quality of biodiesel, suggesting that it can be practicably utilized for mass production of algal biofuel.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> X-Shape airlift PBR was suitable for high production of algal biomass and lipid. </LI> <LI> Biomass and lipid production in X-Shape raised 30.05% and 23.49%, respectively. </LI> <LI> X-Shape induced high MUFAs which are suitable for high quality of algal biofuel. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Multistage Operation of Airlift Photobioreactor for Increased Production of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis

( Yoon E Choi ),( Yeoung Sang Yun ),( Jong Moon Park ),( Ji Won Yang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.10

An internally radiating photobioreactor was applied for the production of astaxanthin using the unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. The cellular morphology of H. pluvialis was significantly affected by the intensity of irradiance of the photobioreactor. Small green cells were widespread under lower light intensity, whereas big reddish cells were predominant under high light intensity. For these reasons, growth reflected by cell number or dry weight varied markedly with light conditions. Even under internal illumination of the photobioreactor, light penetration was significantly decreased as algal cells grew. Therefore, we employed a multistage process by gradually increasing the internal illuminations for astaxanthin production. Our results revealed that a multistage process might be essential to the successful operation of a photobioreactor for astaxnthin production using H. pluvialis.

미세조류 배양을 위한 내부 LED 조사형 모듈식 광생물반응기 개발

권태완(Tae-Wan Kwon),추용주(Yong Ju Chu),이주은(Ju Eun Lee),이상효(Sang-Hyo Lee),이승엽(Seung-Yop Lee) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.11

This study focuses on the design of a horizontal type photobioreactor using internal LED illumination for the cultivation of microalgae such as Spirulina platensis. Photobioreactors with the capacity of 1 and 10 liters are designed to change the luminous intensity and flow rate and so on. The capacity of the proposed photobioreactor can be easily changed by replacing only inner and outer cylinder with additional LEDs. Moreover, the proposed design can be extended to a modular photobioractor system by connecting several photobioreactors. Multilayered wall is proposed to maximize the surface to volume ratio which improves the light efficiency. In Addition, several types of agitators are designed to improve the efficiency of mass transfer for microalgae cultivation. The design parameters of the horizontal type photobioreactor are optimized for the higher productivity of microalgae based on the experiments.

Induced flashing light effect in surface patterned photobioreactor for microalgal biomass enhancement

최진원,심상준 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0

Microalgal cells cultured under flashing light have enhanced performance in cell growth and biomass production than same continuous light which is called flashing light effect. However, in outdoor cultivation it is hard to apply this phenomenon because of the continuous light illuminance from the sun. Here, we present a novel bubble column photobioreactor designed by horizontal pattern which could induce flashing light effect under continuous light. Pattern applied photobioreactors showed enhanced biomass production in 300, 500, 1000 μmol photons/m2/s light condition and was increased by 55%, 28%, 73% respectively. In 1000 μmol photons/m2/s condition, O2 evolution and chlorophyll a/b ratio was investigated, and showed 8-fold and 2.3-fold higher result in patterned photobioreactor.

Microalgal biomass productivity enhancement in surface patterned photobioreactor by induced flashing light effect

최진원,심상준 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1

Microalgal cells cultured under flashing light have enhanced performance in cell growth and biomass production than same continuous light which is called flashing light effect. However, in outdoor cultivation it is hard to apply this phenomenon because of the continuous light illuminance from the sun. Here, we present a novel bubble column photobioreactor designed by horizontal pattern which could induce flashing light effect under continuous light. Pattern applied photobioreactors showed enhanced biomass production in 300, 500, 1000 μmol photons/㎡/s light condition and was increased by 55%, 28%, 73% respectively. In 1000 μmol photons/m2/s condition, O₂ evolution and chlorophyll a/b ratio was investigated, and showed 8-fold and 2.3-fold higher result in patterned photobioreactor.

Numerical analysis of the effects of air on light distribution in a bubble column photobioreactor

McHardy, Christopher,Luzi, Giovanni,Lindenberger, Christoph,Agudo, Jose R.,Delgado, Antonio,Rauh, Cornelia Elsevier 2018 Algal research Vol.31 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Light distribution inside photobioreactors (PBR) is a crucial parameter for the determination of growth of phototropic microorganisms and reactor productivity. In order to compute the light propagation inside PBR, scattering due to the presence of microorganisms is often neglected, since it is difficult to measure experimentally and it is not trivial to handle numerically. Moreover, absorption is usually assumed constant, but it is affected by the concentration of microorganisms and the presence of gas bubbles. In the present contribution we study how the flow hydrodynamics and local gas fractions inside a bubble column PBR affect the light distribution. First, we perform numerical simulations of a bubble column flow at different gas superficial velocities. Afterwards, we use instantaneous air volume fractions to calculate the effective scattering and absorption coefficient of the mixture, as well as the effective scattering phase function. Finally, we compute the polychromatic light distribution inside the PBR by means of a Lattice-Boltzmann solver. On the one hand, we find that gas bubbles affect both spatial distribution and magnitude of the light intensity field and their impact increases at higher gas superficial velocity. On the other hand, we also observe that the biomass counteracts these effects already at concentrations less than 1 kg/m<SUP>3</SUP> so that the role of the gas phase on light fields seems to be of minor importance in PBR.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Hybrid numerical simulation of fluid flow and light distribution in a photobioreactor. </LI> <LI> Spatial distribution of gas bubbles affect symmetry and magnitude of the light intensity field. </LI> <LI> Increasing biomass concentration suppresses the effects of the gas phase. </LI> <LI> Role of the gas phase on light fields is of minor importance for cell growth in photobioreactors. </LI> </UL> </P>

Short Communication : Development of Gas Recycling Photobioreactor System for Microalgal Carbon Dioxide Fixation

( Yeoung Sang Yun ),( Jong Moon Park ) 한국화학공학회 1997 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.14 No.4

A gas recycling photobioreactor was developed to achieve high CO₂conversion, in which Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated under various light intensities. The light intensity affected the algal growth and the CO₂ concentration in the exit gas. However, the final cell density was independent of light intensity and was limited by nitrate concentration in the medium. In the linear growth phase, the CO₂ concentration in the exit gas ranged 4.6 to 6.0 % (v/v) when 20 % (v/v) CO₂balanced with 80 % (v/v) N₂was introduced into the photobioreactor. The gas recycling photobioreactor developed in this work was claimed to be a useful system for microalgal CO₂fixation.