강판 마감형 조립식 벽패널 복사냉난방시스템의 냉난방 방열 특성 평가

임재한(Lim, Jae-Han),구보경(Koo, Bo-Kyoung),김성임(Kim, Sung-Im),송승영(Song, Seung-Yeong) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.33 No.2

Recently the radiant panel heating and cooling system has been regarded as an alternative of low temperature heating and high temperature cooling by applying the renewable energy sources to the heating and cooling of buildings. Especially this system can be used as HVAC system alternatives in super high-rise buildings for energy saving and thermal comfort. Also it can be possible to reduce the plenum space because the minimum ventilation air will be supplied into the space. This study focused on the evaluation the basic characteristics of thermal output in prefabricated steel wall panel system for radiant heating and cooling. In order to evaluate the thermal output according to both various supply water temperatures and supply water flow rates, three-dimensional dynamic heat transfer analysis was performed. As results, for the heating mode, thermal output increased by 26% with the supply temperature increasing by 5℃. The surface temperature of panels range within 1~3℃. For the cooling mode, thermal output decreased by 18.2% with the supply temperature increasing by 2℃. The surface temperature of panels range within 0.5~1℃ and it was shown the even temperature distribution.

설비영역 방법에 따른 소규모 건축물 냉난방부하평가 프로그램의 적정성 검토

전민석,임수현,박성중 한국건축친환경설비학회 2021 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.6

Reducing the energy required for heating, cooling and air conditioning is a very important factor in reducing overall building energy. Efficient design of building energy, such as estimating the capacity of equipment suitable for the size and purpose of the building, is an important factor to reducing building energy. Accordingly, it is necessary to accurately calculate the heating and cooling load suitable for appropriate size in order to save energy for heating and cooling. However, in the case of small buildings, most of the equipment is selected by converting it into the capacity of the air conditioning equipment per unit area. As mentioned above, equipments are being installed without considering building characteristics such as location, orientation, window area ratio, and thermal transmittance. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to calculate the load, and it takes a lot of time to change the design. For these reasons, this study developed a Heating and Cooling load evaluation program that non-experts can use easily. To verify reliability, this document tried to review the adequacy of the heating and cooling load evaluation by comparing the error with the existing program and examining the error according to the difference in the heating and cooling load evaluation unit. Through the results of this study, it was confirmed that it is possible to induce the appropriate heating and cooling load calculation through developed program that reduces the input items of the building’s envelope.

공동주택 단위면적당 냉난방부하 기준 연구

최승혁(Seung-Hyuck Choi),류형규(Hyung-Kyou Ryu),윤희원(Hi-Won Yun),김유승(Yu-Seung Kim) 대한설비공학회 2018 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6

The first step in reducing energy in a typical building is to choose the right equipment capacity. It is commonly used the heating and cooling load standard per unit area to select the capacity of the apartment’s equipment, which has been used since 1999 and 2012. Since insulation standards for building envelopes are constantly being reinforced every year, the required heating and cooling load in buildings is getting smaller, so it is necessary to review the currently used heating and cooling load standards. Based on the existing standards and previous studies, basic elements were derived. Dynamic heat load simulation was performed using the basic elements to identify the problems of the existing standards, and suggested the heating and cooling load standard per unit area of the apartment.

건물 에너지 시뮬레이션을 이용한 반밀폐형 온실의 동적 에너지 부하 예측 및 수소연료전지 3중 열병합 시스템 적정 용량 산정

이승헌,김락우,김찬민,석희웅,윤성욱 (사) 한국생물환경조절학회 2023 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Hydrogen has gained attention as an environmentally friendly energy source among various renewable options, however, its application in agriculture remains limited. This study aims to apply the hydrogen fuel cell triple heat-combining system, originally not designed for greenhouses, to greenhouses in order to save energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This system can produce heating, cooling, and electricity from hydrogen while recovering waste heat. To implement a hydrogen fuel cell triple heat-combining system in a greenhouse, it is crucial to evaluate the greenhouse's heating and cooling load. Accurate analysis of these loads requires considering factors such as greenhouse configuration, existing heating and cooling systems, and specific crop types being cultivated. Consequently, this study aimed to estimate the cooling and heating load using building energy simulation (BES). This study collected and analyzed meteorological data from 2012 to 2021 for semi-enclosed greenhouses cultivating tomatoes in Jeonju City. The covering material and framework were modeled based on the greenhouse design, and crop energy and soil energy were taken into account. To verify the effectiveness of the building energy simulation, we conducted analyses with and without crops, as well as static and dynamic energy analyses. Furthermore, we calculated the average maximum heating capacity of 449,578 kJ·h-1 and the average cooling capacity of 431,187 kJ·h-1 from the monthly maximum cooling and heating load analyses. 수소는 다양한 신재생에너지 중 환경친화적인 에너지로 각광받고 있지만 농업에 적용된 사례는 드물다. 본 연구는 수소연료전지 삼중 열병합 시스템을 온실에 적용하여 에너지를 절약하고 온실가스를 줄이고자 한다. 이 시스템은 배출된 열을회수하면서 수소로부터 난방, 냉각 및 전기를 생산할 수 있다. 수소 연료 전지 삼중 열 병합 시스템을 온실에 적용하기 위해서는 온실의 냉난방 부하 분석이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 온실의 형태, 냉난방 시스템, 작물 등을 고려해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 건물 에너지 시뮬레이션(BES)을 활용하여 냉난방 부하를 추정하고자 한다. 전주지역의 토마토를 재배하는 반밀폐형 온실을 대상으로 2012년부터 2021년까지의 기상데이터를 수집하여 분석했다. 온실 설계도를 참고하여 피복재와 골조를 모델화하여 작물 에너지와 토양 에너지 교환을실시했다. 건물 에너지 시뮬레이션의 유효성을 검증하기 위해 작물의 유무에 의한 분석, 정적 에너지 및 동적 에너지 분석을 실시했다. 또한 월별 최대 냉난방 부하 분석에 의해 평균 최대 난방 용량 449,578kJ·h-1, 냉방 용량 431,187kJ·h-1이 산정되었다.

냉방주체 운전모드에서 동시냉난방 열펌프 성능향상에 관한 실험적 연구

정현준(Hyun Joon Chung),주영주(Youngju Joo),강훈(Hoon Kang),김용찬(Yongchan Kim),최종민(Jongmin Choi) 대한설비공학회 2008 설비공학 논문집 Vol.20 No.5

The cooling load in winter is significant in buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the improved wall insulation. Hence, a multi-heat pump is required to cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit. In this study, the operating characteristics and performance of a simultaneous heating and cooling heat pump in the cooling-main operating mode were investigated experimentally. The system adopted a variable speed compressor using R410A with four indoor units and one outdoor unit. In the cooling-main mode, the heating capacity decreased due to reduction of flow rate to the indoor unit under heating mode operation. The EEV opening was adjusted to increase flow rate to the indoor unit under heating mode operation. The total capacity and COP in the cooling-main mode increased by 20.5% and 29.2%, respectively, compared with those in the cooling-only mode.

실생활기반 냉난방에너지 성능평가 방법 제안 연구

전강민,이행우,김용성 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2015 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.5 No.3

With recent surge of attention to heating and air conditioning energy consumption, the need for evaluating performance of heating and air conditioning energy is also on the rise. This research aims to propose daily-life based evaluation method as an alternative to existing one, as well as to apply the method in real life to prove its validity. The results are as following. 1) I studied temperatures preferred by persons indoors and appropriate level of temperature, and the results show that properties of such persons such as age is directly linked with pleasantness of the room, but the issue lies with the fact that such properties are not considered in existing performance evaluation of heating and air conditioning. 2) Daily life based evaluation proposed herein reflects such properties of persons indoors. It controls heating / air conditioning devices installed in the test bed with the same size as a real life room to get quantitative and visual performances in our daily life as well as simple temperature information. 3) To verify validity of daily life based evaluation, I conducted different evaluation sessions with and without a blind and also based on ages of persons indoors. Results based on properties of persons showed difference of 77.6%, leading to effective analysis of energy consumption pattern by heating / air conditioning devices. This research takes significance in that it comes with a new performance evaluation method based on real life, and I gather that further studies are required to develop more multilateral performance evaluation in order to verify and improve technology for reduction of energy consumption 최근 건물에서 냉난방에너지에 대한 문제가 부각되면서 냉난방에너지 성능평가에 대한 필요성도 증가되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 기존 성능평가 방법의 개선안으로 실생활기반 냉난방 성능평가 방법을 제안하며, 이를 실제 적용해봄으로써 그 유효성 입증을 목적으로 하였다. 이에 대한 결론은 다음과 같다. 1) 기존 냉난방 에너지 성능평가 및 재실자의 선호 및 적정온도를 고찰하였으며, 그 결과 연령 등의 재실자 특성은 해당공간의 쾌적성과 직결되는 중요한 요소이나 기존 냉난방 성능평가에는 고려되고 있지 않아서 문제시 된다. 2) 본 연구에서 제안하는 실생활기반 냉난방 에너지 성능평가는 재실자의 특성을 성능평가에 반영하였으며, 실스케일의 테스트베드에서 냉난방기기에 연동하여 제어함으로써 단순 실내의 온도정보 뿐만 아니라 실생활에 입각한 정량적이며, 시각적인 성능평가 결과의 도출이 가능하다. 3) 본 연구에서 제안하는 실생활기반 성능평가의 유효성을 검정하기 위하여 재실자의 연령에 따른 실내 적정온도 및 블라인드 설치 유무에 따라서 성능평가를 실시하였으며, 재실자 특성에 따른 결과의 값이 77.6%의 차이를 보이며, 냉난방기기의 전력 사용 패턴 분석이 가능하다. 본 연구는 실생활기반의 성능평가 방법을 제안하였다는 측면에서 유의미하며, 이와 같은 에너지 저감을 위한 기술 개발 검증 및 개선을 위한 다각적인 성능평가에 대한 연구는 지속되어야 한다고 판단된다.

난방주체 운전모드에서의 동시냉난방 열펌프 성능향상에 관한 실험적 연구

강훈(Hoon Kang),정현준(Hyenjoon Jung),주영주(Youngju Joo),김용찬(Yongchan Kim),최종민(Jongmin Choi) 대한설비공학회 2008 설비공학 논문집 Vol.20 No.4

The cooling load in winter is significant in buildings and hotels because of the usage of office equipments and the high efficiency of wall insulation. Hence, the development of a multi-heat pump that can cover heating and cooling simultaneously for each indoor unit is required. In this study, the operating characteristics and performance of a simultaneous heating and cooling heat pump in the heating-main operating mode were investigated experimentally. The system adopted a variable speed compressor with four indoor units and one outdoor unit with R-410A. In the heating-main mode, the cooling capacity was lower than the design cooling capacity due to the reduction of the flow rate in the indoor unit for the cooling, with the increase of the heating capacity. To solve these problems, the performance characteristics of the simultaneous heating and cooling heat pump in the heating-main mode were investigated by varying the flow rate to the indoor unit for the cooling and the compressor rotating speed. In addition, the adequate control methods were suggested to improve the system efficiency.

그린스쿨 교실에 적용된 지열원 히트펌프 시스템의 냉난방에너지 성능평가분석

김병수(Kim Byoung-Soo) 대한건축학회 2010 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.26 No.2

At present, sustainable materials, energy saving technology and system, alternative energy, landscape design, lighting system, rain water system were more concerned, as green building or green school technology, Green school project was one of New Deal projects in Korea. Generally, selected green school that was built older 30year ago. and needed remodeling. This study is to predict energy independence in Green School by energy performance evaluation and present fundamental data of heating and cooling system by optimal design and energy analysis about Ground Heat Source Heat Pump(GSHP) system as a alternative. Green School analysis was carried out with consideration over energy of heating, cooling, lighting and equipment. The Green School will be built in Daejeon. The structure was reinforced concrete and such key technologies as insulation, high performance window, economizer, shading system and GSHP system were applied. As s result of simulation, total energy(heating, cooling, lighting and equipment energy consumption of base model were 60kWh/㎡. In case out-side insulation of 50mm is applied at building surface, heating and cooling energy can be reduced by 1%. However, if economizer is installed, cooling energy can be reduced by 6.2%. In case high performance windows are installed, decreased by 2.4%. If GSHP system is installed, cooling energy can be decreased by about 80% while heating energy is decreased by 66%.

사무공간의 수평차양과 차폐계수 변화에 따른 방위별 부하 절감 방안에 관한 연구

김동균(Kim Dong-Kyun),윤경(Yun Gyeong),윤갑천(Yoon Kap-Chun),김성식(Kim Sung-Sik),김강수(Kim Kang-Soo) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2010 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.4 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to suggest the possibility of coolingㆍheating load reduction in office space when changing overhang length and shading coefficient. A tendency of coolingㆍheating load is different at all compass bearings by reason of a change of transmitted solar radiation. Therefore, an azimuthal plan of a building is an important factor for coolingㆍheating load reduction. Among the design factors of a building skin, overhangs and shading coefficient have influence on transmitted solar radiation and coolingㆍheating load. For this study, e-Quest which is developed by Department of Energy in U.S.A performed a simulation for the building's cooling' heating load. In light of the result, Coolingㆍheating load is decreased when changing overhang length and shading coefficient. But a quantity of colingㆍheating load reduction appears different from each azimuth angle.

실제 건물 적용을 고려한 태양광열 및 공기열원 융복합 시스템의 동적 해석

채수원(Chae Soowon),배상무(Bae Sangmu),남유진(Nam Yujin) 한국태양에너지학회 2022 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.42 No.2

As regulations on renewable energy are strengthened and zero-energy buildings are becoming mandatory, research on the commercialization of renewable energy for heating and cooling buildings is accelerating. However, geothermal, photovoltaic, and solar heat are mostly applied as single systems, and there are few cases in which the disadvantages of individual systems are overcome or where the advantages are maximized. The purpose of this study is to develop an analysis model that can respond stably to heating and cooling loads in buildings and to analyze system performance. To stabilize the control of cooling, heating, and hot water supply, the operation method is divided into four cycles. In seasons when cooling and heating loads are significantly decreased, heating and cooling are performed directly by the heat pump without using storage tanks. In addition, a case study using late-night power was conducted to investigate efficient electricity use. Without late-night power, the heat pump coefficient of performance (COP) during the heating period was 2.5 and the monthly average heat exchange rate (HER) was 240 kWh; meanwhile, the COP during the cooling period was 3.99 and the HER was 880 kWh. The energy self-sufficiency rate during the heating period was 2.02 times higher than the cooling period. However, as a result of using late-night power, the electricity rate and COP during heating decreased by 2.5% and 2.04%, respectively, and the COP during cooling increased by 0.1%. This study presents basic data for the implementation of renewable energy systems and the design of predictive models.