Without Rice, Even the Cleverest Housewife Cannot Cook: Sustainable Livelihoods Research in a Poor Chinese Village

Ling Zhong1, Megan Blaxland2 and Ting Zuo1 한국사회복지학회 2015 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.9 No.1

This paper presents findings of a qualitative study investigating the assets, the risks and shocks, and the anti-risk mechanisms of the households of a poor village in rural northern China. The paper explores the vulnerability of the rural households to becoming impoverished and presents some implications for Chinese social policy. The research shows that income sources and assets of the households were considerably varied, and that this, in turn, affected the kinds of strategies they could implement to manage risk. Poorer households had fewer assets, smaller social networks, and less capacity to manage risk than better-off households, despite all living in the same poor village. Moreover, poorer households were much more likely to have family members with chronic ill-health or disability. These findings point to a need to ensure better access for all rural households to social support, health and care services, and opportunities to find new sources of income within their village.

How the International Cooperation in “Sci-tech +Industry” Model Working in Developing Mango as “One Village and One Product”: Citing the Industrial Upgrading Experience in Baihua Village as An Example

Yanxiu Zuo(Yanxiu Zuo),Junxiang Qian(Junxiang Qian),Lichi Li(Lichi Li),Zhangguan Ni(Zhangguan Ni),Jun Wu(Jun Wu),Huiyun Zhang(Huiyun Zhang),Yufu Chen(Yufu Chen),Huiyun Zhang(Huiyun Zhang),Li Yao(Yao L 아시아사회과학학회 2022 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.9 No.1

Baihua Village is a typical mountainous village in the southwest part of Lujiang county, Longyang District, Baoshan City, Yunnan Province. Residents there made a living on the land, including growing sugarcane and planting maize, whose annual income was no more than 2000 yuan before 2006. Since then when a research institute has set it as one of the pilot villages for mango growing impetus with sci-tech. For the sake of “One village and One Product”, mango breeding and relevant techniques have been applied to daily work. Within years, the developed model of has been explored: simply “villages are the main carriers facilitated by the specialized cooperative for mango growing, back-up by science and technology. Technical trainings serve as the driving force for the leading growers, meanwhile, sellers work as the bridge link the producing-end and the markets”.

STRUCTURAL AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF k-QUASI-*-PARANORMAL OPERATORS

ZUO, FEI,ZUO, HONGLIANG The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2015 한국수학논문집 Vol.23 No.2

For a positive integer k, an operator T is said to be k-quasi-*-paranormal if ${\parallel}T^{k+2}x{\parallel}{\parallel}T^kx{\parallel}{\geq}{\parallel}T^*T^kx{\parallel}^2$ for all x $\in$ H, which is a generalization of *-paranormal operator. In this paper, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for T to be a k-quasi-*-paranormal operator. We also prove that the spectrum is continuous on the class of all k-quasi-*-paranormal operators.

A force-based element for direct analysis using stress-resultant plasticity model

Zuo-Lei Du,Yao-Peng Liu,Siu-Lai Chan 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.29 No.2

The plastic hinge method and the plastic zone method are extensively adopted in displacement-based elements and force-based elements respectively for second-order inelastic analysis. The former enhances the computational efficiency with relatively less accurate results while the latter precisely predicts the structural behavior but generally requires more computer time. The displacement-based elements receive criticism mainly on plasticity dominated problems not only in accuracy but also in longer computer time to redistribute the forces due to formation of plastic hinges. The multi-element-per-member model relieves this problem to some extent but will induce a new problem in modeling of member initial imperfections required in design codes for direct analysis. On the contrary, a force-based element with several integration points is sufficient for material yielding. However, use of more integration points or elements associated with fiber section reduces computational efficiency. In this paper, a new force-based element equipped with stress-resultant plasticity model with minimal computational cost is proposed for second-order inelastic analysis. This element is able to take the member initial bowing into account such that one-element-per-member model is adequate and complied with the codified requirements of direct analysis. This innovative solution is new and practical for routine design. Finally, several examples demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

副詞“就”、“才”再探討

Zuo Simin 중국어문연구회 2019 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.93

In the paper the main characteristics of adverbs ‘Jiu(就)’ and ‘Cai(才)’ are examined, the usages of ‘Jiu(就)’ and ‘Cai(才)’ have been distinguished as follows: the former of which include seven emphatic usages and four non-emphatic usages, and the latter of which include five emphatic usages and four non-emphatic usages. The emphatic usages of the two words have the characteristic which does not change the truth value of a sentence, but conveys some conventional implicatures or plays a role of the trigger for pragmatic inference to induce pragmatic implicatures. The non-emphatic usages of the two words can be divided into two different kinds: (1) If ‘Jiu(就)’ or ‘Cai(才)’ is cancelled from a sentence, it does not affect the grammatical legitimacy of it, but will cause some changes in the meaning of the sentence. (2) If ‘Jiu(就)’ or ‘Cai(才)’ is cancelled from a sentence, the sentence will be not natural, even become ungrammatical. The research in this paper proves that the meanings and the usages of ‘Jiu(就)’ and ‘Cai(才)’ are very different from the explanations of traditional dictionaries. These two words not only convey the conventional implicatures or act as a trigger for pragmatic inference to induce pragmatic implicatures with a high frequency, but also can be used in several different ways when they convey or induce different implicatures. On the one hand, these phenomena indicate that ‘Jiu(就)’ and ‘Cai(才)’ are often used for pragmatic purpose, on the other hand, they indicate that the complexity of meaning structure and the usage of the two words is beyond the previous understanding of academia.

新媒体时代的汉语新词语

Zuo Simin 동국대학교 동서사상연구소 2019 철학·사상·문화 Vol.0 No.30

The era of new media has brought great changes not only to human societies, but also to human languages. The influence of Internet on Chinese neologisms has been more increasing since 2010. China National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center releases the Top Ten New Words in the Chinese Media once a year from 2011, and also releases the Top Ten Network Buzzwords in China once a year from 2012. According to the analysis of the 80 words of the Top Ten New Words in the Chinese Media from 2011 to 2018, we know these words have several different sources. The largest source is government, there are 30 new words that came from it. The secondary largest sources are the folk and industries, there are 17 new words came from the folk, and another 17 new words derived from various industries. According to the analysis of the 32 new words of the Top Ten Network Buzzwords in China from 2012 to 2018, there are 4 new words derived from media, and 28 came from the folk. On the whole, from 2011 to 2018, two kinds of new words, which came from the folk and government, accounted for the largest proportion of the total number of the Chinese neologisms according to their source. The emergence of a large number of Chinese new words derived from the folk is directly related to the great prosperity of new media, especially we media. The novel and lively characteristics of Chinese new words came from the folk in meaning and style, are to a large extent related to the following factors: changes in Chinese society, the younger of the persons who make and use new words, and the promotion of various media, especially new media. 신 미디어는 사람들뿐만 아니라 언어에도 큰 변화를 불러왔다. 2010년 이후, 인터넷은 점점 중국어 신조어에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 중국 국가 언어 자원 감측 및 연구 기구는 2011년부터 시작하여 중국 미디어 신조어 중 10개를 대표로 뽑아, 분포하였다. 2012년도부터 시작하여 분포한 신조어를 조사해보니, 정부의 출처가 제일 많았고, 30개에 이르고, 민간 및 각 직종분야별에서 온 신조어는 그 다음으로 17개가 존재한다. 2012년도부터 2018년도까지 7년 안에 32개의 중국 10大 인터넷 용어 중 신조어를 조사해보니, 미디어의 출처는 4개, 민간의 출처는 28개이다. 종합적으로 보면, 2011년부터 2018년까지, 중국어 신조어의 출처의 비례를 통계해보면 크게 두 유형으로 나눌 수 있다: 민간 출처와 정부 출처이다. 민간 출처의 중국어 신조어는 신 미디어 특히 자체미디어의 큰 번영과 상관관계가 존재한다. 민간 출처의 중국어 신조어는 의미의 표현과 풍격 상에서 생동적이고 생기 있는 것이 특징이다, 따라서 큰 보폭으로 중국 사회에 변화, 즉 신조어가 발생하는 단어 조합 과정, 또한 응용하는 과정에서 젊은 연령의 사람들이 주체가 되었고, 또한 각 유형의 미디어는 특히 신 미디어의 촉진과는 큰 상관관계가 있다.

A lower cost method of preparing corn stover for Irpex lacteus treatment by ensiling with lactic acid bacteria

Zuo Sasa,Jiang Di,Niu Dongze,Zheng Mingli,Tao Ya,Xu Chuncheng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.8

Objective: This study investigated a method of preparing corn stover for Irpex lacteus (I. lacteus) treatment to improve its in vitro rumen degradability under non-sterile conditions. Methods: Corn stover was inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), Lactobacillus buchneri (L. buchneri), and an equal mixture of these strains, and ensiled for 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. After each period, a portion of the silage was sampled to assess the silage quality, and another portion of the silage was further treated with I. lacteus at 28°C for 28 d. All the samples were analyzed for fermentation quality, chemical composition, and in vitro gas production (IVGP) as a measure of rumen fermentation capacity. Results: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was found to improve the silage quality of the corn stover, and the corn stover silage inoculated with L. plantarum produced more lactic acid and higher IVGP than other silage groups. The I. lacteus colonies flourished in the early stage of corn stover silage, especially on the 3-d corn stover silage inoculated with both L. plantarum and L. buchneri. This led to an 18% decrease in the acid detergent lignin content, and a 49.6% increase in IVGP compared with the raw stover. Conclusion: The combination of ensiling with the mixed LAB inoculation and I. lacteus treatment provided a cost-effective method for the improvement of the IVGP of corn stover from 164.8 mL/g organic matter (OM) to 246.6 mL/g OM.

SPECIAL TOPICS IN MARITIME LAW : A Commentary on Chinese Marine Insurance Clauses: Basic Feature, Main Defects and Revision Suggestions

( Zuo Xian Zhu ) 고려대학교 법학연구원 2014 The Asian Business Lawyer Vol.13 No.-

This article discusses the basic feature and main defects of Chinese marine insurance clauses based on Chinese judicial practice. With respect to Chinese Hull Insurance Clauses, the covered perils, the exclusions, all risks cover, navigation clause, subrogation clause and so on are deeply studied. With respect to Chinese Cargo Insurance Clauses, all risks cover, exclusions, commencement and termination of cover, duty of the insured are specially analyzed. As a whole, these clauses are in line with internationally-accepted practice. However, although the relevant wording maybe is very similar, there still exist some important differences between Chinese clauses and UK clauses which should be noted. And there are some apparent defects which should be rectified. Especially, the relevant defects or gap of marine insurance law of CMC which will not be revised or filled in the near future, therefore, perfection of insurance clauses appears to be important to achieve the reasonable and foreseeable outcome for the parties to marine insurance contract.

Adsorption of Villin Headpiece onto Graphene, Carbon Nanotube, and C60: Effect of Contacting Surface Curvatures on Binding Affinity

Zuo, Guanghong,Zhou, Xin,Huang, Qing,Fang, Haiping,Zhou, Ruhong American Chemical Society 2011 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.115 No.47

<P>The adsorption of protein villin headpiece (HP35) onto a graphene has been investigated using large scale molecular dynamics simulations, and the results are compared with similar adsorptions onto a single-wall carbon nanotube and a fullerene, C60. It is found that HP35 loses most of its native secondary and tertiary structures after the adsorption onto graphene. The π–π stacking interactions between the graphene and HP35’s aromatic residues play a key role in this adsorption. The graphene’s softness also helps the binding by adapting its own shape to fit better with aromatic residues in forming stronger π–π stacking interactions. Interestingly, the mechanism of HP35 adsorption onto the other two graphitic nanomaterials is found to be somewhat different, in which the π–π stacking interactions play a lesser role than the dispersion interactions between the nanomaterial and HP35’s aliphatic side chains. These findings indicate that in addition to the chemical composition, the shape of the nanoparticle is also an important factor in determining its interaction with proteins: the contacting surface curvature can lead to different adsorption mechanisms.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2011/jpccck.2011.115.issue-47/jp208967t/production/images/medium/jp-2011-08967t_0004.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp208967t'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

My Opinion on Traditionalism in Modern Chuanqi Zaju

Zuo Pengjun 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2004 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.4 No.1

There existed a creative tendency called traditionalism during the development of modern c h u a n q i (poetic dramas of the Ming and Qing dynasties) z a j u (poetic drama set to music, flourishing in the Yuan dynasty, usually consisting of four acts called z h e, with one character having the singing role in each zhe). This tendency, which was obviously observed in its theme, artistic structure, literary style, etc., showed its adherence as well as adequate modification to tradition. Its ideology, artistic quality and style were characterized by complexity, variety and profundity. The traditionalism in modern c h u a n q i o r i g i n a t e d from the unique drama, literature and culture of modern China, and it also made significant contribution to the development of drama. This cultural psychology and creative pursuit also reflected certain cultural symbolism. Its significance and value was not only of dramatic and literary history, but also of history of culture and ideology.