Study on the Fracture Properties of the PMMA Structure for the JUNO Central Detector

Zongyi Wang,Yuanqing Wang,Xinxi Du,Tianxiong Zhang,Yuekun Heng 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.6

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is increasingly used in building structures nowadays. PMMA materials utilized in structures have different fracture property compared with those used in aircrafts or biomedical equipment. Single-edge-notch bending (SENB) tests were firstly carried out at various temperatures (-40°C, -20°C, 0°C, 20°C, and 40°C) to determine the KIC values of base PMMA materials and connected areas. The crack-resisting capacity of PMMA plate is subsequently studied. The fracture property of the PMMA joint for the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) central detector is investigated. The results show that base PMMA material has higher KIC values than connected area. The KIC of base PMMA material is lowest at 20°C and highest at -20°C, while that of connected area is lowest at 40°C and highest at -40°C. For the PMMA joint of the JUNO detector, the cracks perpendicular to the X axis are more disadvantageous than those perpendicular to the Z axis. The stress intensity factors (SIFs) at the crack front of the embedded crack decrease with the increase of embedded depth. Due to the presence of two parallel surface or embedded cracks, the SIFs at the crack front decrease.

The Effect of Soybean Galactooligosaccharides on Nutrient and Energy Digestibility and Digesta Transit Time in Weanling Piglets

Zhang, Liying,Li, Defa,Qiao, Shiyan,Wang, Jituan,Bai, Lu,Wang, Zongyi,Han, In K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.11

Eight $12.4{\pm}0.6kg$ initial body weight crossbred barrows were used to determine the effect of soybean galactooligosaccharides on nutrient and energy digestibility, and digesta transit time. Four dietary treatments were utilized in this trial. Treatment one was a corn-soybean meal based diet (SBM) containing raffinose and stachyose at the levels of 0.16% and 0.75%, respectively. Treatment two (control) was a corn-HP300 (soybean concentrate protein) diet. In treatments three and four, 1.1% and 2.2% commercial stachyose was added to the control diet to provide total dietary stachyose at the levels of 1% and 2%, respectively. The soybean galactooligosaccharides (raffinose + stachyose) level in treatment one was slightly lower compared to that in treatment three. Three collection periods were run with two pigs for each treatment/period. There was a 4 d adjustment period followed by a 3 d collection period. The results showed that the nitrogen retention (86.79%) of pigs fed treatment two diet was higher than that of pigs fed treatment one by 5.2% (p<0.05). The nitrogen retention of treatment three was intermediate 83.09%. The apparent fecal digestibility of all amino acids in treatment two was numerically highest, followed by treatments three and four. However, there were no significant difference among groups (p>0.05). The dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) digestibility numerically decreased as the soybean galactooligosaccharides level increased, but were not significantly different (p>0.05). Chromium content in feces (from the inclusion of 0.3% chromic oxide in the diets) differed among treatments (p<0.05) at 15 h, 18 h, and 21 h after eating. This showed that the digesta transit time was differed significantly among treatments. Treatment four was the shortest, followed by treatment three, SBM and control. The results demonstrated that in the absence of antinutritional factors and soybean antigen protein, inclusion of 1% and 2% stachyose in corn-HP300 diet has no significant effect on the digestibility of DM, OM, CP, CF and amino acids. When the soybean galactooligosaccharide level in diet one and diet three were adjusted to be almost the same, antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor and soybean antigen protein could decrease the nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention rate of diet. High levels of soybean galactooligosaccharides shortened the digesta transit time in the intestinal tract. This trial suggested that the total level of soybean galactooligosaccharides (stachyose+raffinose) in the weanling piglet diet is better not to exceed 1% when common soybean meal is used as main protein source.

Multiple-Phase Energy Detection and Effective Capacity Based Resource Allocation Against Primary User Emulation Attacks in Cognitive Radio Networks

( Zongyi Liu ),( Guomei Zhang ),( Wei Meng ),( Xiaohui Ma ),( Guobing Li ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.3

Cognitive radio (CR) is regarded as an effective approach to avoid the inefficient use of spectrum. However, CRNs have more special security problems compared with the traditional wireless communication systems due to its open and dynamic characteristics. Primary user emulation attack (PUEA) is a common method which can hinder secondary users (SUs) from accessing the spectrum by transmitting signals who has the similar characteristics of the primary users’ (PUs) signals, and then the SUs’ quality of service (QoS) cannot be guaranteed. To handle this issue, we first design a multiple-phase energy detection scheme based on the cooperation of multiple SUs to detect the PUEA more precisely. Second, a joint SUs scheduling and power allocation scheme is proposed to maximize the weighted effective capacity of multiple SUs with a constraint of the average interference to the PU. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the effective capacity of the secondary users compared with the traditional overlay scheme which cannot be aware of the existence of PUEA. Also the good delay QoS guarantee for the secondary users is provided.

Thermal Interface Modeling and Experiments with Novel Multi-layer Structure in Modular Microsatellite

Hao Zhang,Jun Zhou,Guanghui Liu,Zongyi Guo 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.5

The thermal interface of a modular microsatellite can be equated to a multi-layer structure which is used to transfer heat between modules to maintain the temperature in a healthy range. To describe the heat transfer process at the thermal interface, an improved one-dimensional RC heat transfer model based on a thermal–electric analogy is proposed, considering both three complex heat transfer modes (heat conduction, radiation, and convection) and thermal contact resistance to describe the temperature variation at the thermal interface. Then, the temperature response of the novel thermal interface with five layers of materials is solved using step temperature boundary conditions, and the obtained temperature response is compared with the models considering only heat conduction. The comparison results show that the temperature prediction accuracy of the proposed model increased by 4.1%. Finally, experiments are designed and compared with the simulation results, which verify the validity of the proposed model.

Evolutionary Recognition of Corridor and Turning using Adaptive Model with 3D Structure

Hui Liu,Zongyi Zhang,Wei Song,Yasushi Mae,Mamoru Minami,Aoyagi Seiji 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

Growth Performance and Post-Weaning Diarrhea in Piglets Fed a Diet Supplemented with Probiotic Complexes

( Xuhong Lu ),( Ming Zhang ),( Liang Zhao ),( Keshan Ge ),( Zongyi Wang ),( Luo Jun ),( Fazheng Ren ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.11

Weaning stress can affect the growth performance and intestinal health of piglets. Dietary alternatives to antibiotics, such as dietary probiotics, especially those containing multiple microbial species, are a preventive strategy for effectively controlling post-weaning diarrhea. In this study, we investigated forty-eight crossbred piglets in three treatment groups for 21 days: the control and experimental groups were supplemented with Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134, Bacillus subtilis AS1.836 plus Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 28338 (EBS) or Lactobacillus paracasei L9 CGMCC No. 9800 (EBL). On day 21, weaned piglets supplemented with two kinds of probiotic complexes showed increased growth performance and significantly reduced postweaning diarrhea (p < 0.05). The EBS treatment increased acetic acid and propionic acid in the feces (p < 0.05), and the EBL treatment increased fecal acetic acid, propionic acid, butyrate and valerate (p < 0.05). Moreover, the fecal microbiota of the piglets changed markedly in EBL treatment. The addition of EBS and EBL may have similar effects on the prevention of diarrhea by improving the intestinal morphology and regulating the microbiota during the weaning period.

Tuning the physicochemical properties of axitinib by crystallization: Preparation, calculation and Structure-property relationship

Haibin Qu,Zhonghua Li,Guimin Zhang,Zongyi Zhou,Songgu Wu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.124 No.-

Crystal engineering is a radical method to modulate the physicochemical properties of the drugs to meetthe needs of the pharmaceutical industry. Examined herein are six axitinib solid-state forms, includinganhydrous forms (Ⅳand XLI), solvates (acetic acid, nitromethane and n-propanol), and cocrystal (nicotinamide). Comprehensive characterization containing morphology, hygroscopicity, solubility, fluorescenceand powder tabletability were performed. Calculations of lattice energy, packing coefficient andenergy framework rationalized the structure–property relationship of these six forms from the packinglandscape. This system illustrates that form IV and cocrystal improve the solubility of axitinib, but thehumidity stability is also decreased. Six crystal forms show polychromatic solid-state luminescence rangingfrom violet to indigo to green. Form IV and cocrystal with slip plane structures exhibited superior tensilestrength and compactibility than isotropic form XLI. Elusive form VI can be obtained by controllingthe humidity levels during desolvation of the solvate. This work not only realizes the regulation of betterphysicochemical properties of axtinnib for industrial manufacturing, but also provides a detailed understandingof the structure–property relationship of drugs in complex polymorphic systems.

Dynamic performance reliability analysis of rolling linear guide under parameter uncertainty

Jian Li,Yan Ran,Hongwei Wang,Guangquan Huang,Zongyi Mu,Genbao Zhang 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.11

This paper presents a dynamic reliability analysis method of rolling linear guide considering the uncertainty of geometric parameters. A three degree of freedom (DOF) dynamic motion model of rolling linear guide that considers the complexity of the actual load is established. In order to improve the accuracy of reliability evaluation, interval model is used to express the uncertainty of geometric parameters. The reliability range of dynamic response is determined according to the accuracy grade of rolling linear guide. The interval reliability calculation method is used to analyze and calculate the horizontal and vertical dynamic reliability of rolling linear guide. Then, the comprehensive dynamic reliability of rolling linear guide is obtained. Finally, the dynamic reliability of the SHS-45R rolling linear guide is analyzed by using the reliability evaluation method described in this paper. And the validity and accuracy of the result is demonstrated by comparing with the Monte Carlo simulation.