Association between Pax8-PPARγ1 Rearrangement and Follicular Thyroid Cancer: a Meta-Analysis

Li, Hang-Yu,Xie, Zhi-Hao,Xu, Cong-Hui,Pu, Mei-Ling,Chen, Zi-Yan,Yu, Miao,Wang, Heng-Shu,Zhou, Chen-Ming,Pu, Chao-Yu,Liu, Wei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.9

Background: Pax8 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1 gene (Pax8-$PPAR{\gamma}1$) are important factors in tumors. Several studies have suggested that follicular thyroid cancer may arise from Pax8- $PPAR{\gamma}1$ rearrangement. In order to have a better understanding of the association between Pax8-$PPAR{\gamma}1$ rearrangement and follicular thyroid cancer, we conducted the presenmt meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: The information was extracted from PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Statistic analysis was performed with Stata12.0 software. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model. We also performed heterogeneity and publication bias analyses. Results: Nine studies including 198 follicular thyroid cancer patients and 268 controls were considered eligible. The frequency of Pax8-$PPAR{\gamma}1$ rearrangement was significantly higher in the follicular thyroid cancer group than in the control group, with a pooled OR of 6.63 (95%CI=3.50-12.7). In addition, through subgroup analysis, the OR between Pax8-$PPAR{\gamma}1$ rearrangement and follicular thyroid cancer was 6.04 (95%CI = 3.18-11.5) when using benign tumor tissues as controls. The OR for the method subgroup was 9.99 (95% CI =4.86-20.5) in the RT-PCR. Conclusions: The final results demonstrated that Pax8-$PPAR{\gamma}1$ rearrangement has significant association with follicular thyroid cancer.

A Novel Negative Regulatory Factor for Nematicidal Cry Protein Gene Expression in Bacillus thuringiensis

( Zi Quan Yu ),( Pei Sheng Bai ),( Wei Xing Ye ),( Feng Juan Zhang ),( Li Fang Ruan ),( Zi Niu Yu ),( Ming Sun ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.6

Tumor-Derived Transforming Growth Factor-β is Critical for Tumor Progression and Evasion from Immune Surveillance

Li, Zheng,Zhang, Li-Juan,Zhang, Hong-Ru,Tian, Gao-Fei,Tian, Jun,Mao, Xiao-Li,Jia, Zheng-Hu,Meng, Zi-Yu,Zhao, Li-Qing,Yin, Zhi-Nan,Wu, Zhen-Zhou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13

Tumors have evolved numerous mechanisms by which they can escape from immune surveillance. One of these is to produce immunosuppressive cytokines. Transforming growth factor-${\beta}$(TGF-${\beta}$) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a crucial function in mediating immune suppression, especially in the tumor microenvironment. TGF-${\beta}$ produced by T cells has been demonstrated as an important factor for suppressing antitumor immune responses, but the role of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ in this process is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that knockdown of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ using shRNA resulted in dramatically reduced tumor size, slowing tumor formation, prolonging survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and inhibiting metastasis. We revealed possible underlying mechanisms as reducing the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and $CD4^+Foxp3^+$ Treg cells, and consequently enhanced IFN-${\gamma}$ production by CTLs. Knockdown of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ also significantly reduced the conversion of na$\ddot{i}$ve $CD4^+$ T cells into Treg cells in vitro. Finally, we found that knockdown of TGF-${\beta}$ suppressed cell migration, but did not change the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro. In summary, our study provided evidence that tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ is a critical factor for tumor progression and evasion of immune surveillance, and blocking tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer.

Construction and Characterization of Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin (VHb) with Enhanced Peroxidase Activity for Efficient Degradation of Textile Dye

( Zi Dong Zhang ),( Wei Li ),( Hai Chao Li ),( Jing Zhangi ),( Yue Bin Zhang ),( Yu Feng Cao ),( Jian Zhang Ma ),( Zheng Qiang Li ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.9

Pollution resulting from the discharge of textile dyes into water systems has become a major global concern. Because peroxidases are known for their ability to decolorize and detoxify textile dyes, the peroxidase activity of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has recently been studied. It is found that VHb and variants of this enzyme show great promise for enzymatic decolorization of dyes and may play a role in achieving their successful removal from industrial wastewater. The level of VHb peroxidase activity correlates with two amino acid residues present within the conserved distal pocket, at positions 53 and 54. In this work, sitedirected mutagenesis of these residues was performed and resulted in improved VHb peroxidase activity. The double mutant, Q53H/P54C, shows the highest dye decolorization and removal efficiency, with 70% removal efficiency within 5 min. UV spectral studies of Q53H/P54C reveals a more compact structure and an altered porphyrin environment (λSoret = 413 nm) relative to that of wild-type VHb (λSoret = 406), and differential scanning calorimetry data indicate that the VHb variant protein structure is more stable. In addition, circular dichroism spectroscopic studies indicate that this variant’s increased protein structural stability is due to an increase in helical structure, as deduced from the melting temperature, which is higher than 90°C. Therefore, the VHb variant Q53H/P54C shows promise as an excellent peroxidase, with excellent dye decolorization activity and a more stable structure than wild-type VHb under high-temperature conditions.

中國農村小數民族女性健康權之法律保障硏究

이옥자 ( Yu Zi Li ) 아세아여성법학연구소 2005 아세아여성법학 Vol.8 No.-

Health is one of the fundamental rights of human. To protect the health right of women is essential to women`s health , and concerns the sustaining and stable social development in China. China has a population of 1300 million. Among themm, over 900 million are farmers, half of which are women. The health condition and development of women in rural areas of China not only influents the future development in such areas directly, but also affects the development of the whole country. China carries out the policy of development of west areas to maintain the sustaining and stable social development in the beginning of 21 century. Most of Chinese minorities gather in western rural areas of China. The project to develop western areas does not work without the development of woman-minority that mainly bases on the degree of health of such women. To protext health and the health right of woman-minority in China is groundwork in the development of the whole areas and a key point in the great project of development of western areas. <Beijing Declaration> which announced by the 4th worold woment forum of UN in Beijing in 1995 emphasizes that it should insure the equal opportunity and treatment of edutation and health care between men and women, and enhance the sexual and procreative health of women and the education of sex and procreate (Art.30). Part 4 of <the development program of Chinese Women in 2001-2002> provides "women and health", specifies the main goal of guaranteeing the basic hygienic service to Chinese women and enhancing the health degree and length of anticipated life of women. The protection of the health right of women inrural areas of China is still in the "gray area" according to the investigation. The investigation of poverty population shows: illness not only means exhaustion of family saving, but also countless debts. The main reason causing poverty in such case i s there is no integratedsocial security system in rural areas in China. The fundamentalaction to protect the health right of woman in rural areas is to establish social health service and health care system, to integrate heygienic legal system, and to enforce the social health service legally. Secondly, procreation is the only way for human to continue while women paly crucial rples in this progress. The women`s health determines the future health of the whole nationality. To ensure propagation and enhance the quality of the population, women`s health must be protected. However, the provreative health of woman minority in rural areas in China is threatened by the behindhand medical condition; the health right is violated because of lacking independence, and of the obsolete mind which says "men is superior than women". To protect these women`s procreative health, people`s idea must be renovated. Meanwhile, the administration of Planned Parenthood should be emphasized and the interrelated services should be enhanced. Furthemore, family violence is something like cancer thatis the main cassation of death and isability of woman minority. The cases of amily violence naver go to end, and women`s hlysical and psychological health is greatly injured. Meanwhile, the forgiveness from the victims and spciety and the inmaturity of the legal system makes things worse. Although "to prohibit family violence" is a fundamental principle stipulated by the Chinese Family Law, a new, specific law to prevent family violence should be enacted which punishes the viplator by legal process and guarantee the physicaland psychological health rights and in terests of all Chinese women including the woman minority in rural areas.

사람에 대한 무과실책임

이옥자(Li yu zi) 명지대학교 법학연구소 2009 명지법학 Vol.8 No.-

사람에 대한 무과실책임이란 자기의 주관적인 고의․과실과는 상관없이 가해행위자와의 객관적인 연관성에 의하여 법의 규정에 따라 타인의 가해행위에 대하여 배상책임을 부담하는 것을 말한다. 한국민법 제755조와 제756조는 책임무능력자에 대한 감독자의 책임과 피용자에 대한 사용자 책임을 규정하고 있다. 중국 민법통칙 제133조도 행위무능력자와 한정행위능력자에 대한 감독자의 무과실책임을 규정하고 있으며 제121조는 국가기관 공직원의 행위에 대한 국가기관의 책임을 규정하고 있다. 또 민법통칙에 사용자 책임에 관한 규정이 없는 관계로 사법해석 최고인민법원의 ‘인신손해배상사건을 심리할 때 법 적용의 약간의 문제에 관한 해석 ’ 제9조~제13조까지에서 사용자 책임에 관하여 규정하고 사법상 적용하고 있다. 한국민법 제755조는 책임무능력자에 대한 감독자의 중간책임을 규정하고 있다. 판례는 책임능력이 있는 미성년자의 가해행위에 대하여 감독자는 한국민법 제750조에 의한 일반불법행위에 의한 책임을 부담한다고 한다. 그러나 중국 민법통칙과 사법해석, 판례에서는 미성년자에 대하여 행위무능력자와 한정행위능력자로 구분하였을 뿐이고 감독자의 책임에 관하여서는 책임능력의 유무와 관련 없이 감독자는 무과실책임을 부담하도록 규정하였다. 한국민법 제756조는 사용자 책임에 있어서 무과실책임에 가까운 중간책임을 규정하고 있다. 그러나 중국 민법통칙과 사법해석에서는 사용자 책임에 관하여 무과실책임을 규정하고 있으며 사용자의 무과실책임의 성립요건에 있어서 중국의 실정에 따라 변통적인 규정도 두고 있다. 그러므로 한국에서는 사법상 대법원 판례의 참고적 의미를 중요시한다면 중국에서는 사법해석의 광범위한 적용을 중요시해야 할 것이다. 사람에 대한 무과실책임에 있어서 한국과 중국 양국은 법률의 규정과 사법적용 등 면에서 비교적 큰 차이를 보이고 있다. 그러므로 양국의 관련 문제에 관한 법률규정과 판례, 그리고 사법해석의 비교․연구는 양국의 입법과 사법에 중요한 참고자료를 제시할 수 있을 것이다. Strict liability to person means that the person bears the compensation responsibility for damage or injury caused by others for reasons of the objective connection provided by law, even if he was irrelevant to his subjective negligence and fault. Article 755 and 756 of the Civil Law of Republic of Korea(Korea) provide the liabilities of supervisor for the person without legal capacity and liabilities of employer for his employee. Article 133 of the Civil Code of People s Republic of China(China) also address the strict liability of supervisor for a person without legal capacity or for a person with diminished legal capacity. The Article 121 of Civil law of China requires the state to bears the responsibility for the acts of national public service. Under the existing Civil law of China, there is no regulation for the employ s liability. So In case of assuming strict responsibility of employer. it applies from Article 9 to 13 of the Judicial Interpretation of some issues for the Application of Regulations in the case of the Compensation for Damage occurred in Human Body which was issued by the China s Supreme People s Court. Article 755 of Civil Law of Korea provides the liability of supervisor for the person without legal capacity. Korean jurisprudence reveals that, under the Article 750, the liability supervisor bears is the general illegal actions for the harmful acts committed by the minors who has responsibility. But this is not the same in China. Civil Code of China and Supreme Court s Interpretation has distinguished minors between no capacity and diminished capacity. But Supervisor are imposed to strict liability irrelevant for whether the minor has capacity or not. Referring to the employer s liability, Article 756 of Civil Law of Korea impose on supervisor the responsibility which is similar to strict responsibility. But Civil law of China and Supreme Court s interpretation provide strict responsibility for employer and allow some flexibilities in applying its essential condition in practice. Korea attaches a great importance to the jurisprudence. In case of China, it should put more importance to the general application of judicial interpretation. There are great differences in strict liability to person between the regulations and its actual application of Korea and China s legal system. The comparative analysis of legal provisions and application of strict liability on the current Civil Code and special laws of Korea and China, and analyzing the pros and cons as well as problems of the two countries provisions and the application, provides reference information for future legislation and legislative amendments of the two countries.

중국의 가정폭력 실태와 대응

이옥자 ( Yu Zi Li ) 명지대학교 여성가족생활연구소 2005 여성가족생활연구 Vol.9 No.-

Cloning and Molecular Characterization of a Novel Rolling-Circle Replicating Plasmid, pK1S-1, from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki K1

Ming Shun Li,Jong Yul Roh,Xueying Tao,Zi Niu Yu,Zi Duo Liu,Qin Liu,Hong Guang Xu,Hee Jin Shim,Yang-Su Kim,Yong Wang,Jae Young Choi,Yeon Ho Je 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

Bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium belonging to the B. cereus group, harbors numerous extra-chromosomal DNA molecules whose sizes range from 2 to 250 kb. In this study, we used a plasmid capture system (PCS) to clone three small plasmids from B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki K1 using PCS which were not found in B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki HD-1, and determined the complete nucleotide sequence of plasmid pK1S-1 (5.5 kb). Of the six putative open reading frames (ORF2-ORF7) in pK1S-1, ORF2 (MobK1) showed approximately 90% aa identity with the Mob-proteins of pGI2 and pTX14-2, which are rolling circle replicating group VII (RCR group VII) plasmids from B. thuringiensis. In addition, a putative origin of transfer (oriT) showed 95.8% identity with those of pGI2 and pTX14-2. ORF3 (RepK1) showed relatively low aa identity (17.8-25.2%) with the Rep protein coded by RCR plasmids, however. The putative double-strand origin of replication (dso) and single-strand origin of replication (sso) of pK1S-1 exhibited approximately 70% and 64% identities with those of pGI2 and pTX14-2. ORF6 and 7 showed greater than 50% similarities with alkaline serine protease, which belongs to the subtilase family. The other 2 ORFs were identified as hypothetical proteins. To determine the replicon of pK1S-1, seven subclones were contructed in the B. t huringiensis ori-negative pHT1K vector and were electroporated into a plasmid cured B. thuringiensis strain. The 1.6 kb region that included the putative ORF3 (Rep1K), dso and ORF4, exhibited replication ability. These findings identified pK1S-1 as a new RCR group VII plasmid, and determined its replication region.

Risk factors and long-term prognosis of BCLC stage 0/A hepatocellular carcinoma for beyond milan recurrence after hepatectomy: A multicenter observational study

Zi-Han FENG,Ming-Da WANG,Li-Yang SUN,Xiao XU,Qing-Yu KONG,Zi-Xiang CHEN,Yong-Yi ZENG,Timothy M. PAWLIK,Wan Yee LAU,Feng SHEN,Zhong CHEN,Tian YANG 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.-

A unique genetic lineage at the southern coast of China in the agar-producing Gracilaria vermiculophylla(Gracilariales, Florideophyceae)

Zi-Min Hu,Ruo-Yu Liu,Jie Zhang,De-Lin Duan,Gao-Ge Wang,Wen-Hong Li 한국조류학회I 2018 ALGAE Vol.33 No.3

Ocean warming can have significant negative impacts on population genetic diversity, local endemism and geographical distribution of a wide range of marine organisms. Thus, the identification of conservation units with high risk of extinction becomes an imperative task to assess, monitor, and manage marine biodiversity for policy-makers. Here, we surveyed population structure and genetic variation of the red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla along the coast of China using genome-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) scanning. Regardless of analysis methods used, AFLP consistently revealed a south to north genetic isolation. Populations at the southern coast of China showed unique genetic variation and much greater allelic richness, heterozygosity, and average genetic diversity than the northern. In particular, we identified a geographical barrier that may hinder genetic exchange between the two lineages. Consequently, the characterized genetic lineage at the southern coast of China likely resulted from the interplay of post-glacial persistence of ancestral diversity, geographical isolation and local adaptation. In particular, the southern populations are indispensable components to explore evolutionary genetics and historical biogeography of G. vermiculophylla in the northwestern Pacific, and the unique diversity also has important conservation value in terms of projected climate warming.