Antagonism of tomato spotted wilt virus against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Nicotiana benthamiana detected by transcriptome analysis

Qiao Ning,Liu Yongguang,Liu Jie,Zhang Dezhen,Chi Wenjuan,Li Jintang,Zhu Xiaoping,Liu Hongmei,Li Fajun 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.1

Background Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are highly harmful viruses in agricultural production, which can cause serious economic losses to crops and even devastating consequences for vegetable yield in some countries and regions. Although the two viruses belong to different families and have different transmission vectors, they share most hosts. Objective This study aimed to examine the transcriptomic expression of single and mixed inoculations of TSWV and TYLCV, leading to antagonism using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Methods We confirmed the single and mixed infections of these viruses in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) by artificial inoculation. And the expression changes of related genes and their biological functions and pathways during the mixed infection of TSWV and TYLCV were analyzed by comparative transcriptome. Results Basically, similar symptoms were observed in the plants singly infected with TSWV and co-infected with TYLCV; the symptoms of TYLCV in the co-infected plants were not obvious compared with single TYLCV infections. When inoculated with TYLCV, the accumulation of the virus significantly reduced in single and mixed infections with TSWV; the TSWV accumulated slightly less in co-infection with TYLCV, whereas this reduction was much smaller than that of TYLCV. The results suggested that TSWV had an antagonistic effect on the accumulation of TYLCV in N. benthamiana. It mainly focused on the changes in unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by the co-infection of TSWV and TYLCV. The eight pathways enriched by upregulated DEGs mainly included amino acid biosynthesis, citrate cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle), and so on. However, only pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis could be downregulated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in which peptidoglycan biosynthesis was involved in upregulated and downregulated pathways. Conclusions The antagonistic effect of TSWV on TYLCV in N.benthamiana and the change trends and specific pathways of DEGs in this process were found. Our study provided new insights into the host regulation and competition between viruses in response to TSWV and TYLCV mixed infection.

Effect of the Polymorphisms of Keratin Associated Protein 8.2 Gene on Fibre Traits in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats

Liu, Haiying,Li, Ning,Jia, Cunling,Zhu, Xiaoping,Jia, Zhihai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.6

The aim of the experiment was to detect polymorphisms in the keratin-associated protein 8.2 (KAP8.2) gene to determine associations between the genotype and fibre traits in Chinese Inner Mongolia cashmere goats. The fibre traits data investigated were cashmere fibre diameter, combed cashmere weight, cashmere fibre length and guard hair length. Five hundred and forty-two animals were used to detect polymorphisms in the complete coding sequence of the hircine KAP8.2 gene by means of PCR-SSCP. The results identified six genotypes, AA, BB, DD, AB, AD and BD, coded for by three different alleles A, B and D. Two SNPs in the coding region were confirmed by sequencing, which were A214G and T218C respectively. The relationships between the genotypes and cashmere fibre diameter, combed cashmere weight, cashmere fibre length and guard hair length were analyzed. There were significant differences (p<0.01) between the associations of the different genotypes with cashmere fibre diameter, cashmere weight and hair length. Cashmere length was the only trait that was not associated with the genotypes. The genotype AA (0.73) was found to be predominant in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats and the animals with this genotype had the thinnest cashmere fibre diameter compared with the other genotypes. These results suggested that polymorphisms in the hircine KAP8.2 gene may be a potential molecular marker for cashmere fibre diameter in cashmere goats.

Recent development of high gradient superconducting magnetic separator for kaolin in china

Zhu Zian,Wang Meifen,Ning Feipeng,Yang Huan,Li Peiyong,Zhang Yiting,Wang Zhaolian,Zhang Guoqing,Hou Zhilong,Liu Zhongxiu,Dai Zhong 한국초전도저온학회 (구 한국초전도저온공학회) 2017 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

Effects of Ribosomal Protein L39-L on the Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Lung Cancer A549 Cells

Liu, Hong-Sheng,Tan, Wen-Bin,Yang, Ning,Yang, Yuan-Yuan,Cheng, Peng,Liu, Li-Juan,Wang, Wei-Jie,Zhu, Chang-Liang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Background: Cancer is a major threat to the public health whether in developed or in developing countries. As the most common primary malignant tumor, the morbidity and mortality rate of lung cancer continues to rise in recent ten years worldwide. Chemotherapy is one of the main methods in the treatment of lung cancer, but this is hampered by chemotherapy drug resistance, especially MDR. As a component of the 60S large ribosomal subunit, ribosomal protein L39-L gene was reported to be expressed specifically in the human testis and human cancer samples of various tissue origins. Materials and Methods: Total RNA of cultured drug-resistant and susceptible A549 cells was isolated, and real time quantitative RT-PCR were used to indicate the transcribe difference between amycin resistant and susceptible strain of A549 cells. Viability assay were used to show the amycin resistance difference in RPL39-L transfected A549 cell line than control vector and null-transfected A549 cell line. Results: The ribosomal protein L39-L transcription level was 8.2 times higher in drug-resistant human lung cancer A549 cell line than in susceptible A549 cell line by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The ribosomal protein L39-L transfected cells showed enhanced drug resistance compared to plasmid vector-transfected or null-transfected cells as determined by methyl tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The ribosomal protein L39-L gene may have effects on the drug resistance mechanism of lung cancer A549 cells.

Diagnostic Value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in Comparison to Bone Scintigraphy, CT and ¹⁸F-FDG PET for the Detection of Bone Metastasis

Liu, Ning-Bo,Zhu, Lei,Li, Ming-Huan,Sun, Xiao-Rong,Hu, Man,Huo, Zong-Wei,Xu, Wen-Gui,Yu, Jin-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT for detection of bone metastasis in comparison with the efficacies of $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT, CT, $^{18}F$-FDG PET and conventional planar bone scintigraphy in a series of cancer patients. Methods: Five hundred and thirty patients who underwent both $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT and bone scintigraphy within 1 month were retrospectively analyzed. The skeletal system was classified into 10 anatomic segments and interpreted blindly and separately. For each modality, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV were calculated and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: Bone metastases were confirmed in 117 patients with 459 positive segments. On patient-based analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT were significantly higher than bone scintigraphy, CT and $^{18}F$-FDG PET (P<0.05). On segment-based analysis, the sensitivity of CT, bone scintigraphy, $^{18}F$-FDG PET and $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT were 70.4%, 89.5%, 89.1% and 97.8%, respectively (P<0.05, compared with $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT). The overall specificity and accuracy of the four modalities were 89.1%, 91.8%, 90.3%, 98.2% and 90.3%, 90.9%, 89.8%, 98.0%, respectively (P<0.05, compared with $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT). The PPV and NPV were 89.8%, 87.6%, 85.6%, 97.2% and 85.6%, 93.2%, 92.8%, 98.6%, respectively. Three hundred and twelve lesions or segments were presented as lytic or sclerotic changes on CT images at the corresponding sites of increased $^{18}F$-FDG uptake. In lytic or mixed lesions, the sensitivity of $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT and $^{18}F$-FDG PET were better than bone scintigraphy, while in osteoblastic lesions bone scintigraphy had a similar performance with $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT but better than $^{18}F$-FDG PET alone. Conclusion: Our data allow the conclusion that $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT is superior to planar bone scintigraphy, CT or $^{18}F$-FDG PET in detecting bone metastasis. $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT may enhance our diagnosis of tumor bone metastasis and provide more information for cancer treatment.

Size-fractionated Biomass and Productivity of Phytoplankton in Prydz Bay and the Adjacent Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean during the Austral Summer 1990/1991

Ning Xiuren,Zilin Liu,Junxian Shi,Genhai Zhu,Min Gong 한국해양과학기술원 1993 KOREAN JOURNAL of Polar Research Vol.4 No.2

Long-circulating siRNA nanoparticles for validating Prohibitin1-targeted non-small cell lung cancer treatment

Zhu, Xi,Xu, Yingjie,Solis, Luisa M.,Tao, Wei,Wang, Liangzhe,Behrens, Carmen,Xu, Xiaoyang,Zhao, Lili,Liu, Danny,Wu, Jun,Zhang, Ning,Wistuba, Ignacio I.,Farokhzad, Omid C.,Zetter, Bruce R.,Shi, Jinjun National Academy of Sciences 2015 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.112 No.25

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>This study developed a new generation lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticle platform for effective systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to tumors, which represents a challenging hurdle for the widespread application of RNA interference (RNAi) in cancer research and therapy. With promising in vivo features such as long blood circulation, high tumor accumulation, and effective gene silencing, the hybrid siRNA nanoparticles were successfully used to reveal and validate a putative therapeutic target, Prohibitin1 (PHB1), in non-small cell lung cancer treatment. In vivo antitumor efficacy results and human tissue microarray analysis further suggested the feasibility of utilizing PHB1 siRNA nanoparticles as a novel therapeutic agent. This hybrid RNAi nanoparticle platform may serve as a valuable tool for validating potential cancer targets and developing new cancer therapies.</P><P>RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising strategy for identification and validation of putative therapeutic targets and for treatment of a myriad of important human diseases including cancer. However, the effective systemic in vivo delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to tumors remains a formidable challenge. Using a robust self-assembly strategy, we develop a unique nanoparticle (NP) platform composed of a solid polymer/cationic lipid hybrid core and a lipid-poly(ethylene glycol) (lipid-PEG) shell for systemic siRNA delivery. The new generation lipid–polymer hybrid NPs are small and uniform, and can efficiently encapsulate siRNA and control its sustained release. They exhibit long blood circulation (<I>t</I><SUB>1/2</SUB> ∼8 h), high tumor accumulation, effective gene silencing, and negligible in vivo side effects. With this RNAi NP, we delineate and validate the therapeutic role of Prohibitin1 (PHB1), a target protein that has not been systemically evaluated in vivo due to the lack of specific and effective inhibitors, in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as evidenced by the drastic inhibition of tumor growth upon PHB1 silencing. Human tissue microarray analysis also reveals that high PHB1 tumor expression is associated with poorer overall survival in patients with NSCLC, further suggesting PHB1 as a therapeutic target. We expect this long-circulating RNAi NP platform to be of high interest for validating potential cancer targets in vivo and for the development of new cancer therapies.</P>

Antennal UDP-glycosyltransferase genes in the coffee white stemborer, Xylotrechus quadripes

Ning-Na Yin,Yu-Jie Zhao,Jia-Ying Zhu,Nai-Yong Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4

The antenna of Xylotrechus quadripes is the principle olfactory organ that is subjected to a large number of endogenous and exogenous compounds. The gene families associated with the detoxification of these compounds are essential for the adaptive evolution of insect defensive strategies. However, knowledge on uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) of X. quadripes is unavailable. Here, we characterized 30 UGT genes identified from an antennal transcriptome of X. quadripes. Among them, 16 UGT genes encoding 508–527 amino acids shared the full-length sequences and signal peptides in N-terminus. Multiple sequence alignment revealed that X. quadripes UGTs had a variable N-terminus and a conserved C-terminus. Phylogenetic analysis showed that X. quadripes UGTs were classified into ten sub-families with the largest UGT one of UGT352 (nine genes) and a strict single copy of UGT50 within coleopteran species. Gene structural analysis indicated that coleopteran UGT50s underwent intron gains or losses. Expression profile revealed that all studied X. quadripes UGTs were transcribed in the antennae of both sexes, some of which exhibited sex-biased expression including UGT2, UGT6, UGT20 and UGT27 in females as well as UGT3, UGT11 and UGT12 in males. In addition, most of UGTs were widely expressed in other tissues, indicating their functional diversities in this beetle. Together, these findings provide valuable information for further functional studies of UGTs in X. quadripes, especially their roles in olfaction.

Structure-activity correlations of LiNO3/Mg4AlO5.5 catalysts for glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate

Zhenmin Liu,Junwei Wang,Mao-qing Kang,Ning Yin,Xin-kui Wang,Yisheng Tan,Yulei Zhu 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

MgAl hydrotalcite synthesized via co-precipitation method from magnesium and aluminum nitrateswas calcined to produce Mg4AlO5.5 mixed oxides. The oxides were modified by introducing LiNO3 andapplied to the synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate. The research resultsindicated that LiNO3/Mg4AlO5.5 was an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate. The fullconversion of glycerol and 96.28% yield of glycerol carbonate were obtained after reacting at 80 8C for1.5 h in the presence of LiNO3/Mg4AlO5.5. The structure and properties of the catalysts were studied bymeans of XRD, TGA, BET, CO2-TPD and Hammett indicator method. It was found that the basic strengthand the basicity of the catalysts were enhanced after addition of LiNO3. Over Mg4AlO5.5 oxides, LiNO3 waseasily converted to LiAlO2 which constituted new strong basic sites. Too high basic strength and basicityof catalysts may improve the conversion of glycerol at the cost of GC selectivity reduction.

Dual-stream Co-enhanced Network for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation

Hongliang Zhu,Hui Yin,Yanting Liu,Ning Chen 한국인터넷정보학회 2024 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.18 No.4

Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation (UVOS) is a highly challenging problem in computer vision as the annotation of the target object in the testing video is unknown at all. The main difficulty is to effectively handle the complicated and changeable motion state of the target object and the confusion of similar background objects in video sequence. In this paper, we propose a novel deep Dual-stream Co-enhanced Network (DC-Net) for UVOS via bidirectional motion cues refinement and multi-level feature aggregation, which can fully take advantage of motion cues and effectively integrate different level features to produce high-quality segmentation mask. DC-Net is a dual-stream architecture where the two streams are co-enhanced by each other. One is a motion stream with a Motion-cues Refine Module (MRM), which learns from bidirectional optical flow images and produces fine-grained and complete distinctive motion saliency map, and the other is an appearance stream with a Multi-level Feature Aggregation Module (MFAM) and a Context Attention Module (CAM) which are designed to integrate the different level features effectively. Specifically, the motion saliency map obtained by the motion stream is fused with each stage of the decoder in the appearance stream to improve the segmentation, and in turn the segmentation loss in the appearance stream feeds back into the motion stream to enhance the motion refinement. Experimental results on three datasets (Davis2016, VideoSD, SegTrack-v2) demonstrate that DC-Net has achieved comparable results with some state-of-the-art methods.