Ardipusilloside-I stimulates gastrointestinal motility and phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin by myosin light chain kinase

Zhili Xu,Hanye Liang,Mingbo Zhang,Xiaojun Tao,De-qiang Dou,Liping Hu,Tingguo Kang 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6

Ardipusilloside-I is a natural triterpenoid saponin, which was isolated from Ardisia pusilla A. DC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stimulation of ardipusilloside-I on gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo. The experiment of smooth muscle contraction directly monitored the contractions of the isolated jejunal segment (IJS) in different contractile states, and the effects of ardipusilloside-I on myosin were measured in the presence of Ca2+-calmodulin using the activities of 20 kDa myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation and myosin Mg2+-ATPase. The effects of ardipusilloside-I on gastro emptying and intestinal transit in constipation-predominant rats were observed, and the MLCK expression in jejuna of constipated rats was determined by western blot. The results showed that, ardipusilloside-I increased the contractility of IJS in a dose-dependent manner and reversed the low contractile state (LCS) of IJS induced by low Ca2+, adrenaline, and atropine respectively. There were synergistic effects on contractivity of IJS between ardipusilloside-I and ACh, high Ca2+, and histamine, respectively. Ardipusilloside-I could stimulate the phosphorylation of MLC20 and Mg2+-ATPase activities of Ca2+- dependent phosphorylated myosin. Ardipusilloside-I also stimulated the gastric emptying and intestinal transit in normal and constipated rats in vivo, respectively, and increased the MLCK expression in the jejuna of constipation-predominant rats. Briefly, the findings demonstrated that ardipusilloside-I could effectively excite gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo.

Ardipusilloside-I stimulates gastrointestinal motility and phosphorylation of smooth muscle myosin by myosin light chain kinase

Xu, Zhili,Liang, Hanye,Zhang, Mingbo,Tao, Xiaojun,Dou, Deqiang,Hu, Liping,Kang, Tingguo The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6

Ardipusilloside-I is a natural triterpenoid saponin, which was isolated from Ardisia pusilla A. DC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stimulation of ardipusilloside-I on gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo. The experiment of smooth muscle contraction directly monitored the contractions of the isolated jejunal segment (IJS) in different contractile states, and the effects of ardipusilloside-I on myosin were measured in the presence of $Ca^{2+}$-calmodulin using the activities of 20 kDa myosin light chain ($MLC_{20}$) phosphorylation and myosin $Mg^{2+}$-ATPase. The effects of ardipusilloside-I on gastro emptying and intestinal transit in constipation-predominant rats were observed, and the MLCK expression in jejuna of constipated rats was determined by western blot. The results showed that, ardipusilloside-I increased the contractility of IJS in a dose-dependent manner and reversed the low contractile state (LCS) of IJS induced by low $Ca^{2+}$, adrenaline, and atropine respectively. There were synergistic effects on contractivity of IJS between ardipusilloside-I and ACh, high $Ca^{2+}$, and histamine, respectively. Ardipusilloside-I could stimulate the phosphorylation of $MLC_{20}$ and $Mg^{2+}$-ATPase activities of $Ca^{2+}$- dependent phosphorylated myosin. Ardipusilloside-I also stimulated the gastric emptying and intestinal transit in normal and constipated rats in vivo, respectively, and increased the MLCK expression in the jejuna of constipation-predominant rats. Briefly, the findings demonstrated that ardipusilloside-I could effectively excite gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo.

MicroRNA expression profiles in conventional and micropropagated Dendrobium officinale

Zhili Yang,Dongfeng Yang,Xianfeng Ding,Yong Gao,Donghai Li,Tao Xu 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.4

MicroRNA (miRNA) is defined as an endogenous *22 nt noncoding RNA that has critical gene-regulatory functions in plants. Dendrobium officinale is among the most important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. However, no miRNA of D. officinale has been reported to date. To identify the miRNA in D. officinale and to detect the differentially expressed miRNA between conventional and micropropagated D. officinale plants, miRNA microarray was performed following quantitative real-time RTPCR validation. A total of 120 miRNAs from 37 miRNA families were identified in both conventional and micropropagated D. officinale plants. Among the total number of miRNAs, 45 miRNAs from six families were differentially expressed, including five up-regulated families (miR156, miR164, miR171, miR827 and miR529) and one downregulated family (miR167) in micropropagated group. Web microrna designer and gene ontology term-enrichment analyses were applied for prediction and functional analysis of the target genes of differentially expressed miRNA. Such miRNAs are mainly related to hormone stimulus response, biological and metabolic process regulation, formation of intracellular organelle, and nucleic acid binding.

FABRICATING WELL-DISPERSED NANOSIZED GOLD CATALYST ON TITANATE NANOWIRES SURFACE FOR 4-NITROPHENOL REDUCTION

GUANGLIANG CHEN,FEI XUE,ZHILI CHEN,XIAOLEI SI,JUN HUANG,XU ZHENG,SYLVAIN MASSEY 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.3

In this paper, homogenous gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a high density and a narrow sizedistribution were successfully fabricated on titanate nanowires (TNWs) sca®olds in the absenceof organic capping agents. An ameliorated low-temperature hydrothermal method was used toprepare the TNWs sca®olds like bird's nest on the Ti substrate, and the nanowires diameter wasabout 30 – 80nm. Then, AuNPs were synthesized on the TNWs sca®olds with a deposition –precipitation urea (DPU) method. The TEM and XRD measurements indicated that well-crys-tallized face-centered cubic (fcc) AuNPs were homogeneously dispersed on TNWs, and AuNPswith average sizes of 2.7 nm and 4 nm were obtained, respectively for the theoretical gold loading5 wt.% and 8 wt.%. Inspiringly, the 8%-AuNPs/TNWs catalyst could reduce 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) within 210 s, and exhibited better catalytic reduction performancethan that of 5%-AuNPs/TNWs.

Cellular uptake mechanism and comparative <i>in vitro</i> cytotoxicity studies of monomeric LMWP-siRNA conjugate

Ye, Junxiao,Pei, Xing,Cui, Hui,Yu, Zhili,Lee, Hyukjin,Wang, Jianxin,Wang, Xu,Sun, Lu,He, Huining,Yang, Victor C. THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING 2018 JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY -S Vol.63 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The covalent attachment of CPPs to siRNA molecules offers great potential for CPP-mediated siRNA delivery. We recently reported a concise and high-yield synthesis strategy of the cell-permeable, cytosol-dissociable LMWP-siRNA covalent conjugate. Herein, cell uptake mechanism and cellular toxicity studies of this conjugate were performed to evaluate the potential of LMWP-siRNA conjugate for clinical translation. Cellular uptake mechanism study indicated that the conjugate could be taken up by cells via multiple pathways, including direct penetration of the plasma membrane and clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytosis. <I>In vitro</I> cytotoxicity study revealed that the conjugation promoted internalization in a low-toxic fashion.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Cellular uptake mechanism and comparative in vitro cytotoxicity studies of monomeric LMWP-siRNA conjugate

Junxiao Ye,Xing Pei,Hui Cui,Zhili Yu,이혁진,Jian-Xin Wang,Xu Wang,Lu Sun,Huining He,Victor C. Yang 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.63 No.-

The covalent attachment of CPPs to siRNA molecules offers great potential for CPP-mediated siRNA delivery. We recently reported a concise and high-yield synthesis strategy of the cell-permeable, cytosol-dissociable LMWP-siRNA covalent conjugate. Herein, cell uptake mechanism and cellular toxicity studies of this conjugate were performed to evaluate the potential of LMWP-siRNA conjugate for clinical translation. Cellular uptake mechanism study indicated that the conjugate could be taken up by cells via multiple pathways, including direct penetration of the plasma membrane and clathrin- and caveolae-independent endocytosis. In vitro cytotoxicity study revealed that the conjugation promoted internalization in a low-toxic fashion.

Relationships among bedding materials, bedding bacterial composition and lameness in dairy cows

Li, Han,Wang, Xiangming,Wu, Yan,Zhang, Dingran,Xu, Hongyang,Xu, Hongrun,Xing, Xiaoguang,Qi, Zhili Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.9

Objective: Bedding materials directly contact hooves of dairy cows and they may serve as environmental sources of lameness-associated pathogen. However, the specific composition of bacteria hidden in bedding materials is still not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect bedding material and its bacterial composition has on lameness of Holstein heifers. Methods: Forty-eight Holstein heifers with similar body weights were randomly assigned into three groups including sand bedding (SB), concrete floor (CF), and compost bedding (CB). Hock injuries severity and gait performance of dairy cows were scored individually once a week. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment and bedding material samples were collected once a week for Illumina sequencing. Results: The CF increased visible hock injuries severity and serum biomarkers of joint damage in comparison to SB and CB groups. Besides, Illumina sequencing and analysis showed that the bacterial community of CB samples had higher similarity to that of SB samples than CF samples. Bacteria in three bedding materials were dominated by gastrointestinal bacteria and organic matter-degrading bacteria, such as Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and norank JG30-KF-cM45. Lameness-associated Spirochaetaceae and Treponeme were only detected in SB and CB samples with a very low relative abundance (0% to 0.08%). Conclusion: The bacterial communities differed among bedding materials. However, the treponemes pathogens involved in the pathogenesis of lameness may not be a part of microbiota in bedding materials of dairy cows.

Broadband Spectrum Sensing of Distributed Modulated Wideband Converter Based on Markov Random Field

Zhi Li,Jiawei Zhu,Ziyong Xu,Wei Hua 한국전자통신연구원 2018 ETRI Journal Vol.40 No.2

The Distributed Modulated Wideband Converter (DMWC) is a networking system developed from the Modulated Wideband Converter, which converts all sampling channels into sensing nodes with number variables to implement signal undersampling. When the number of sparse subbands changes, the number of nodes can be adjusted flexibly to improve the reconstruction rate. Owing to the different attenuations of distributed nodes in different locations, it is worthwhile to find out how to select the optimal sensing node as the sampling channel. This paper proposes the spectrum sensing of DMWC based on a Markov random field (MRF) to select the ideal node, which is compared to the image edge segmentation. The attenuation of the candidate nodes is estimated based on the attenuation of the neighboring nodes that have participated in the DMWC system. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that neighboring attenuation plays an important role in determining the node selection, and selecting the node using MRF can avoid serious transmission attenuation. Furthermore, DMWC can greatly improve recovery performance by using a Markov random field compared with random selection.