Effect of Forage to Concentrate Ratio and Monensin Supplementation on cis-9, trans-11 Conjugated Linoleic Acid and trans-11 Octadecenoic Acid Concentrations of Ruminal Contents and Plasma in Sheep

Zhang, Yuzhi,Kong, Xianghao,Zhu, Xiaoping,Wang, Runlian,Yan, Yichai,Jia, Zhihai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.5

Twenty-four cannulated Small-tailed Han${\times}$Poll Dorset wethers (BW $47.5{\pm}2.1kg$) were used to determine the effects of forage to concentrate ratio (40:60 vs. 70:30), monensin supplementation (0, 15 or 30 ppm, DM basis) and interactions of these two factors on cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11 CLA) and trans-11 octadecenoic acid (trans11-$C_{18:1}$) concentrations in ruminal contents and plasma in sheep. The experiment was designed as a $2{\times}3$ factorial. The diet contained Chinese wild rye grass hay (Aneurolepidium Chinese), cracked corn, soybean meal, NaCl, limestone and trace mineral premix. Dietary crude fat and linoleic acid ($C_{18:2n-6}$) were adjusted with soybean oil to about 7.0% and 24.0 mg/g (DM basis), respectively. High forage diets increased (p<0.001) the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in ruminal contents and plasma. Monensin supplementation increased (p<0.001) the concentration of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ in ruminal contents, but had no effect on that of cis-9, trans-11 CLA. Concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ (p<0.019) and cis-9, trans-11 CLA (p<0.022) in plasma increased with dietary monensin levels. Interactions of forage: concentrate ratio and monensin level tended to affect the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ (p<0.091) and $C_{18:2n-6}$ (p<0.083) in ruminal contents. Increasing forage levels increased the concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in the rumen. Supplementing with monensin increased the ruminal production of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and concentrations of trans11-$C_{18:1}$ and cis-9, trans-11 CLA in plasma.

Adaptive OFDMA with Partial CSI for Downlink Underwater Acoustic Communications

Yuzhi Zhang,Yi Huang,Lei Wan,Shengli Zhou,Xiaohong Shen,Haiyan Wang 한국통신학회 2016 Journal of communications and networks Vol.18 No.3

Multiuser communication has been an important researcharea of underwater acoustic communications and networking. This paper studies the use of adaptive orthogonal frequencydivisionmultiple access (OFDMA) in a downlink scenario, wherea central node sends data to multiple distributed nodes simultaneously. In practical implementations, the instantaneous channelstate information (CSI) cannot be perfectly known by the centralnode in time-varying underwater acoustic (UWA) channels, due tothe long propagation delays resulting from the low sound speed. In this paper, we explore the CSI feedback for resource allocation. An adaptive power-bit loading algorithm is presented, which assignssubcarriers to different users and allocates power and bits toeach subcarrier, aiming to minimize the bit error rate (BER) underpower and throughput constraints. Simulation results show considerableperformance gains due to adaptive subcarrier allocationand further improvement through power and bit loading, as comparedto the non-adaptive interleave subcarrier allocation scheme. In a lake experiment, channel feedback reduction is implementedthrough subcarrier clustering and uniform quantization. Althoughthe performance gains are not as large as expected, experiment resultsconfirm that adaptive subcarrier allocation schemes based ondelayed channel feedback or long term statistics outperform theinterleave subcarrier allocation scheme.

Fabrication of nanoarchitectured TiO₂(B)@C/rGO electrode for 4 V quasi-solid-state nanohybrid supercapacitors

Zhao, Yongfeng,Zhang, Haitao,Liu, Ao,Jiao, Yuzhi,Shim, Jae-Jin,Zhang, Suojiang Elsevier 2017 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.258 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Novel TiO<SUB>2</SUB>(B)@C/rGO nanoarchitectures are fabricated by combining hydrothermal treatment, ions exchange, and topological phase transformation as well as carbon modification. Asymmetric hybrid Li-ion nanohybrids supercapacitors with high energy and power densities are constructed by combining hybridized anode, which can supply both pseudo capacitance from TiO<SUB>2</SUB>(B) and electrochemical double layer capacitance (EDLC) from nanocarbons (graphene nanosheets and amorphous carbon layer), and activated carbon (AC) as EDLC type cathode. The high power density is realized readily via both the modification of nanocarbons, which not only improve the electric conductivity but introduce extra Faradic capacitance, and the employment of high-voltage formulated ionic liquids electrolyte as well as ionogel polymer separator. Such a balanceable and complementary design between electrode and electrolyte allow rapid ion and electron transport in ionic liquid-based electrolyte and hybridized electrodes. The maximum energy and power density of 59.4 W h/kg and 17.3 kW/kg can be readily realized at 40 <SUP>°</SUP>C on account of the special characteristic of ionic liquids. These results clearly demonstrate that high performance nanohybrid supercapacitors can be actualized through the subtle combination of nanohybridized electrodes and high voltage formulated ionic-liquid/lithium-salt electrolytes, which make them promising power-type energy storage devices for hybrid electric vehicles.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> High specific capacitive TiO<SUB>2</SUB>(B)@C/rGO nanoarchitetures were successfully synthesized. </LI> <LI> Complete utilization of Faradic and non-Faradic capacitance of nanohybrids was realized by using formulated electrolyte. </LI> <LI> 4 V operating potential was actualized with the presence of ionogel polymer separator. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

The evolved kurtogram: a novel repetitive transients extraction method for bearing fault diagnosis

Bin Pang,Yuzhi Hu,Heng Zhang,Bocheng Wang,Tianshi Cheng,Zhenli Xu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.12

Kurtogram, a classic repetitive transients extraction method, plays an important role in bearing fault diagnosis. However, its performance is unstable since its index used for optimal sub-band component selection is sensitive to random pulse. Moreover, its sub-band component extraction is characterized by over-decomposition and under-decomposition defects. In this paper, an evolved Kurtogram (Evkurtogram) is proposed by designing a new index called the Gaussian distribution assigned Gini index (GDAG) for optimal sub-band component identification. In addition, a multi-scale empirical Fourier decomposition (MSEFD) for signal separation is proposed. GDAG is more suitable for quantifying the fault features of the signal due to its robustness of accidental pulses. MSEFD can achieve multi-scale decomposition of the signal reasonably and adaptively. The proposed Evkurtogram is compared with some relevant state-of-art algorithms by processing simulated and experimental bearing fault signals. It is demonstrated that the proposed Evkurtogram is effective and superior when compared to other approaches.

Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activity of Polysaccharide from Tea

Yu, Zhi,Zhang, Yun,Ni, De-Jiang The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2006 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.19 No.6

Tea polysaccharide had high antioxidant activity and it could be used to cure diabetes. Antioxidant activity of tea poly-saccharide (TPS) from three kinds of tea (green tea, oolong tea and black tea) were compared, the result indicated that oolong tea polysaccharide (OTPS) had the highest antioxidant activity. In order to explicate the mechanism of antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity, the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mice model (DM) was established. The influence of OTPS on blood-glucose, content of MDA and NO, and activities of GSH-PX, SOD, NOS in serum, kidney and liver were investigated. The result showed that after four weeks injection of OTPS to DM mice, the blood-glucose of three treatment group reduced by 14.5%,21.5% and 33.3%, respectively, comparing to the model control. The reduction effect of OTPS increased with the rise of dose. The activity of SOD and GSH-PX elevated significantly, while the activity of NOS decreased. The content of MDA and NO reduced significantly. The above results imply that antioxidant activity was enhanced. Comparing to XKW treatment, the effect of a dose of 300mg/(kg. bw) OTPS was much better. The research showed that the OTPS had a significant effect on reducing blood glucose, and could enhance the antioxidant activity of DM mice.