Effects of mating on ovarian development and oviposition of Apolygus lucorum

Wenjing Li,Wei Yuan,Xincheng Zhao,Yunhe Li,Kongming Wu 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4

The polyphagous mirid bug Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important pest of cotton and other crops in China. It would be useful to examine the reproductive biology of A. lucorum for the development of management strategies. In this study, the effect of mating on ovarian development, egg maturation, and oviposition of A. lucorum was investigated. The results showed that mating could induce ovary development and oviposition. During the preoviposition period (< 7 days after emergence), mated females had more follicles than did virgin females at both the vitellogenic and mature stages. The length of the longest ovariole and extent of ovarian development in mated females were also significantly higher than in virgin females. During oviposition, mated females laid more eggs than virgin females, whereas virgin females had more mature follicles than the mated females did. Twenty days after emergence (an old age for this species), the ovaries of mated females had begun to shrink and enter senescence phases, while the ovaries of virgin females still contained 3–5 follicles in each ovariole and remained plump. The results indicate that mating accelerated ovarian development and reproduction of A. lucorum.

XIAO is involved in the control of organ size by contributing to the regulation of signaling and homeostasis of brassinosteroids and cell cycling in rice

Jiang, Yunhe,Bao, Liang,Jeong, So‐,Yoon,Kim, Seong‐,Ki,Xu, Caiguo,Li, Xianghua,Zhang, Qifa Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 The Plant journal Vol.70 No.3

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Organ size is determined by cell number and size, and involves two fundamental processes: cell proliferation and cell expansion. Although several plant hormones are known to play critical roles in shaping organ size by regulating the cell cycle, it is not known whether brassinosteroids (BRs) are also involved in regulating cell division. Here we identified a rice T‐DNA insertion mutant for organ size, referred to as <I>xiao</I>, that displays dwarfism and erect leaves, typical BR‐related phenotypes, together with reduced seed setting. <I>XIAO</I> is predicted to encode an LRR kinase. The small stature of the <I>xiao</I> mutant resulted from reduced organ sizes due to decreased cell numbers resulting from reduced cell division rate, as supported by the observed co‐expression of <I>XIAO</I> with a number of genes involved in cell cycling. The <I>xiao</I> mutant displayed a tissue‐specific enhanced BR response and greatly reduced BR contents at the whole‐plant level. These results indicated that XIAO is a regulator of BR signaling and cell division. Thus, XIAO may provide a possible connection between BRs and cell‐cycle regulation in controlling organ growth.</P>

How does Lewis acid affect the reactivity of mononuclear high-valent chromium–oxo species? A theoretical study

Choi Yunhee,Pandey Bhawana,Li Xiao‐Xi,Lee Yong‐Min,Cho Kyung‐Bin,Nam Wonwoo 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.11

Density functional theory calculations were performed to study the Lewis acid (Sc3+) effects on the reactivity of ultrahigh-valent chromium-oxo species toward both C H bond activation and sulfoxidation reactions. Calculations confirm that the oxidizing power of chromium-oxo species is enhanced by binding Sc3+ ion. In sulfoxidation reactions, especially, binding Sc3+ ion enhances the redox potential of the chromium-oxo species, whereby the activation barrier is decreased dramatically. The details of the reactions obtained by theory are disclosed in this work.

Experimental and Analytical Study of Eccentrically Braced Frames Combined with High-Strength Steel

Shen Li,Yunhe Liu,JianBo Tian 한국강구조학회 2018 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.18 No.2

In the structure of high-strength steel composite eccentrically braced steel frames (HSS–EBFs), the links and braces are made of Q345 steel, while the non-energy-dissipation segments (columns and beams) are made of high-strength steel (HSS). HSS reduces the cross-section of the members and increases the economic effi ciency. Here, four groups of K-HSS–EBFs are designed by performance-based plastic design method in this paper, which includes 5-storey, 10-storey, 15-storey and 20-storey, and each group contain four diff erent link length (900, 1000, 1100 and 1200 mm). The cyclic test loading was applied to 1:2 scale three-storey K-type HSS–EBFs (K-HSS–EBFs) with shear links to investigate their seismic performance. The results indicate that the as-prepared K-HSS–EBF structure exhibits excellent bearing capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation. We also fi nd that the fracture of the link web in the second storey led to the degradation of the load-carrying capacity. The non-designated yield members remained in the elastic stage, whereas the links ultimately experience inelastic rotations, and thus dissipate the energy in the K-HSS–EBFs. Moreover, nonlinear pushover analyses and nonlinear dynamic analyses are conducted, and the loading capacity, link rotations, ductility, interstory drifts and failure mode under rare earthquake of all models are compared. The results indicate that K-HSS–EBFs with diff erent link length have similar deformation characteristic and failure mode under pushover analysis or rare earthquakes, and the interstory drifts, link rotations and ductility of HSS–EBFs are increased with rising the link length.

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Hyperbranched Poly(aryl ether ketone) Terminated with Cobalt Phthalocyanine to be Used for Oxidative Decomposition of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

Lei Lei,Yunhe Zhang,Xiujie Li,Jianxin Mu,Guibin Wang,Zhenhua Jiang,Shuling Zhang 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.4

A novel hyperbranched poly(aryl ether ketone) terminated with cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc-T-HPAEK)was prepared using 1,3,5-tris[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl) phenoxy] benzene (B3), as a ‘core’ molecule, 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (6F-BPA) as an A2 monomer, and cobalt phthalocyanine as an end-capping reagent. CoPc-THPAEK showed good solubility, thermal stability and catalytic activity in the oxidative decomposition of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) under H2O2 or KHSO5. Moreover, the oxidative effect of KHSO5 was superior to that of H2O2,and the catalytic activity of CoPc-T-HPAEK was much higher than that of linear poly(aryl ether ketone) terminated with cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc-T-LPAEK) and linear poly(aryl ether ketone) with a cobalt phthalocyanine pendant unit (CoPc-S-LPAEK).

Shear behavior of composite frame inner joints of SRRC column-steel beam subjected to cyclic loading

Hui Ma,Sanzhi Li,Zhe Li,Yunhe Liu,Jing Dong,Peng Zhang 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.27 No.4

In this paper, cyclic loading tests on composite frame inner joints of steel-reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) column.steel beam were conducted. The main objective of the test was to obtain the shear behavior and analyze the shear strength of the joints. The main design parameters in the test were recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentage and axial compression ratio. The failure process, failure modes, hysteresis curves and strain characteristics of the joints were obtained, and the influences of design parameters on the shear strength of the joints have been also analysed in detail. Results show that the failure modes of the joints area are typical shear failure. The shear bearing capacity of the joints maximally decreased by 10.07% with the increase in the RCA replacement percentage, whereas the shear bearing capacity of the joints maximally increased by 16.6% with the increase in the axial compression ratio. A specific strain analysis suggests that the shear bearing capacity of the joints was mainly provided by the three shear elements of the recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) diagonal compression strut, steel webs and stirrups of the joint area. According to the shear mechanism and test results, the calculation formulas of the shear bearing capacity of the three main shear elements were deduced separately. Thus, the calculation model of the shear bearing capacity of the composite joints considering the adverse effects of the RCA replacement percentage was established through a superposition method. The calculated values of shear strength based on the calculation model were in good agreement with the test values. It indicates that the calculation method in this study can reasonably predict the shear bearing capacity of the composite frame inner joints of SRRC column–steel beam.

Effects of α-Galactosidase Supplementation on Performance and Energy Metabolism for Broilers Fed Corn-non-dehulled Soybean Meal Diets

Zhang, Bo,Cao, Yunhe,Chen, Yiqun,Li, Yihang,Qiao, Shiyan,Ma, Yongxi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.10

To study the effects of ${\alpha}$-galactosidase (${\alpha}$-Gal) supplementation on performance and energy metabolism, 216 Arbor Acres male broilers were placed in 36 cages of 6 birds each and allotted to 4 diets for 42 d, with 0-21 d as starter period and 22-42 d as grower period. The 4 diets were based on corn non-dehulled soybean meal in a $2{\times}2$ factorial arrangement, with 2 levels of ${\alpha}$-Gal (0 vs. 60 U/kg feed) and 2 levels of ME (normal metabolizable energy (NME) and low metabolizable energy (LME)). Bird performance was obtained at 21 and 42 d of age with samples of feces collected for nutrient digestibility from 19-21 d and 40-42 d. At 21 and 42 d, 1 bird from 6 cages of each treatment was killed to determine liver weight, intestinal pH and chyme viscosity. With the addition of ${\alpha}$-Gal the 42 d body weight (BW) and 0-42 d average daily gain (ADG) were significantly improved (p<0.05). Average daily feed intake (ADFI) of birds fed the LME diet was significantly increased compared to those fed the NME diet during starter (p<0.01) and grower (p<0.05) periods and overall (p<0.01). There was an interaction of ${\alpha}-Gal{\times}ME$ on 0-21 d ADFI (p<0.01). Supplementation of ${\alpha}$-Gal significantly improved (p<0.01) feed efficiency during the grower period and overall. Feed efficiency of birds fed the LME diet was significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to those fed the NME diet during the starter period and overall. With the addition of ${\alpha}$-Gal apparent metabolizable energy (AME) was improved (p<0.01) by 2.1% and 1.8% during starter and grower periods, respectively. There was a main effect (p<0.05) of ${\alpha}$-Gal on the digestion of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) during the starter period and crude protein (CP), NDF and acid detergent fiber (ADF) during the grower period. With the addition of ${\alpha}$-Gal, the relative weight of liver was reduced (p<0.01) during the two phases. The duodenal and jejunal pH were significantly decreased (p<0.01) with the supplementation of ${\alpha}$at the two phases. ${\alpha}$-Gal addition reduced (p<0.01) chyme viscosity of the ileum during the starter and grower periods. Overall, ${\alpha}$-Gal showed a major effect on nutrient efficiency, improved ADG and feed efficiency, whereas LME decreased feed efficiency. The incorporation of ${\alpha}$-Gal into a LME diet could at least partially offset ME deficiency of non-dehulled soybean meal.