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Concurrent upregulation of immune checkpoint molecule genes in colorectal cancer
방휘재,Sohn Joon Hyung,Kim Soo-Ki,KIM CHEOL SU,Cho Mee-Yon,Kim BoRa,An Sanghyun,Kim Kwangmin,Kim Youngwan 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2023 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.19 No.3
Background A simultaneous gene expression pattern of immune checkpoint molecules might exist in colorectal cancer. This hypothesis has rarely been tested in human in vivo samples. Objective We investigated the gene expression patterns of immune checkpoint molecules in human colorectal cancer tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) with a focus on concurrent gene expression. Results We included 14 females and 16 males with a mean age was 68.5 years. The mean number of all immune checkpoint molecules did not diff er signifi cantly between normal and tumor tissues. Histological grade 3 tumors were more common in the PDCD1 -expressing group [3 (25.0%) vs. 0 (0%) ( p = 0.042)]. All six and four immune checkpoint molecules were expressed in eight and three PDCD1 -positive patients, respectively. Specifi cally, CD274 was expressed in 11 of 12 PDCD1 - positive patients, while LAG3 and IDO1 were expressed simultaneously in all patients expressing CD274 . Conclusion Colorectal cancers more commonly express multiple immune checkpoint molecules simultaneously than single molecules. This suggests that blocking multiple immune checkpoint pathways may serve as a potential strategy for immunotherapy.
김대영(Dae-Young Kim),Ngoc-Trung Nguyen,김영완(Youngwan Kim),김동현(Donghyun Kim),김동석(Dongsuk Kim),김헌영(Heon Young Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2012 No.11
Interior parts of automotive are made of polymers like rubber, foam, plastics and composite materials and are directly related to the impact behavior of passenger at crash event. Especially, plastics is widely used in the interior parts due to the low price, reduction of weight and formability. However, material modeling of plastics is difficult because of the material characteristics such as softening, dilatation and pressure dependency. Usually, the material modeling of plastics considers the methods applying in the metal materials, but it is not suitable in the large deformation problem like crash analysis. So, the material models which express the mechanical characteristics of plastics exactly are needed. The LS-DYNA commercial software recommends several models for plastics. In this paper, several models which are suitable for plastics are compared. Experiments process and specimens are introduced to obtain the material parameters. To simulate the coupon test, F. E. modeling was constructed and compared with experiment data.
Kim Youngwan,Lee Sang-Hwan,Cho Young Jun 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2023 International Area Studies Review Vol.26 No.1
COVID-19 has brought an unprecedented global economic burden. The widely held view is that, during times of economic crisis, there are reduced flows of foreign aid due to budgetary constraints. Although some countries’ actions seem aligned with this perspective, others, including South Korea, have acted counter-intuitively. South Korea has implemented health-related diplomacy, initiating the Agenda for Building Resilience against COVID-19 through the Development Cooperation (ABC) program. This program provides countries with COVID-19 diagnosis kits, personal protective equipment, such as masks, and health-related capacity for building and development projects. We attempt to understand the behavior of donors in the crisis context and, thus, examine South Korea as a representative case. Using South Korean health-related diplomacy as our case study, we show that South Korea has considered both its interests and recipients’ needs. Furthermore, a quantitative study with newly constructed data from the ABC program reveals that South Korea provides higher amounts of Official Development Assistance (ODA) via its ABC program to recipients with whom it enjoys close economic ties and with whom it has given higher amounts of ODA. The latter finding suggests a path-dependent act in foreign aid allocation.
Phytochemical Constituents of Suaeda japonica Makino
Kim Jung Sook,Lee Sanghyun,Son Eun Mi,Pan Xu,Kim You-Ah,Lee Gwan Sun,Seo Youngwan,Lee Burm-Jong The Korean Society of Crop Science 2005 Korean journal of crop science Vol.50 No.suppl1
Four compounds were isolated from Suaeda japonica by repeated column chromatography. Their structures were identified as 2'-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-isoflavone (1), loliolide (2), dehydrovomifoliol (3), and uridine (4) by spectral analysis and comparison with the published data. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.