http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Particle Deposition Velocity Onto EUVL Masks in Vertical Airflow
Won-Geun Kim,Handol Lee,Se-Jin Yook,Kwan-Soo Lee Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2014 IEEE transactions on semiconductor manufacturing Vol.27 No.3
<P>Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) masks are vulnerable to particulate contamination due to the unavailability of pellicles. Particle deposition velocity is used to assess the level of particulate contamination. The particle deposition velocity onto a circular disk or a square flat plate situated perpendicular to the airflow was investigated. The numerical and experimental methods employed in this paper were validated by comparing the numerically simulated mean Sherwood numbers or the experimentally determined particle deposition velocities with the theoretically predicted values for the circular disk, representing a wafer, exposed to vertical airflow. Then, an equation for predicting the particle deposition velocity onto a square flat plate, simulating a EUVL mask, in vertical airflow was suggested by numerically obtaining the mean Sherwood number correlation, and validated through experiments.</P>
Molecularly Engineered Islet Cell Clusters for Diabetes Mellitus Treatment
Yook, Simmyung,Jeong, Jee-Heon,Jung, Yoon Suk,Hong, Sung Woo,Im, Bok Hyeon,Seo, Jin Won,Park, Jun Beom,Lee, Minhyung,Ahn, Cheol-Hee,Lee, Haeshin,Lee, Dong Yun,Byun, Youngro SAGE Publications 2012 CELL TRANSPLANTATION Vol.21 No.8
<P>Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising method for curing diabetes mellitus. We proposed in this study a molecularly engineered islet cell clusters (ICCs) that could overcome problems posed by islet transplantation circumstances and host's immune reactions. A gene containing highly releasable exendin-4, an insulinotropic protein, was delivered into single islet cells to enhance glucose sensitivity; thereafter, the cells were reaggregated into small size ICCs. Then the surface of ICCs was modified with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol)-lipid (PEG) (C18) for preventing immune reactions. The regimen of ICCs with low doses of anti-CD154 mAb and tacrolimus could effectively maintain the normal glucose level in diabetic mice. This molecularly engineered PEG-Sp-Ex-4 ICC regimen prevented cell death in transplantation site, partly through improving the regulation of glucose metabolism and by preventing hypoxia- and immune response-induced apoptosis. Application of this remedy is also potentially far-reaching; one would be to help overcome islet supply shortage due to the limited availability of pancreas donors and reduce the immunosuppressant regimens to eliminate their adverse effects.</P>
( Jin Yoo ),( Eun-ji Oh ),( Ji-su Park ),( Deok-won Kim ),( Jin-hyeok Moon ),( Deok-hyun Kim ),( Daniel Obrist ),( Keun-yook Chung ) 한국공업화학회 2023 공업화학 Vol.34 No.6
The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of heavy metals [Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)] on the growth of Rhodobacter species (Rhodobacter blasticus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and Rhodobacter capsulatus) and their potential use for Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) bioremoval from liquid media. The presence of toxic heavy metals prolonged the lag phase in growth and reduced biomass growth for all three Rhodobacter species at concentrations of Cd, Ni, and Zn above 10 mg/L. However, all three Rhodobacter species also had a relatively high specific growth rate against each toxic heavy metal stress test for concentrations below 20 mg/L and possessed a potential bioaccumulation ability. The removal efficiency by all strains was highest for Cd(II), followed by Ni(II), and lowest for Zn(II), with the removal efficiency of Cd(II) by Rhodobacter species being 66% or more. Among the three strains, R. blasticus showed a higher removal efficiency of Cd(II) and Ni(II) than R. capsulatus and R. sphaeroides. Results also suggest that the bio-removal processes of toxic heavy metal ions by Rhodobacter species involve both bioaccumulation (intracellular uptake) and biosorption (surface binding).
Kim, Won-Geun,Kim, Chang-Kyum,Lee, Jong-Tae,Kim, Jeong-Soo,Yun, Chang-Wan,Yook, Se-Jin Pergamon 2017 Transportation Research Part D. Transport & Enviro Vol.53 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The characteristics of fine particle emission from a light-duty diesel vehicle operated on a chassis dynamometer were investigated according to vehicle acceleration and road grade. Particle number (PN) concentration and particle mass (PM) concentration were measured using a Solid Particle Counting System (SPCS), an Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS), and a Dekati Low Pressure Impactor (DLPI). In this study, actual mass distribution of particles emitted from the tested diesel vehicle was determined by sampling the particles on 25-mm Teflon-coated filters installed at 13 impactor stages of the DLPI and then compared with the particle mass distribution converted from the particle number distribution measured by the EEPS. In order to evaluate the characteristics of fine particle emission under various conditions of vehicle acceleration and road grade, testing was conducted with or without installing a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). In general, PN and PM concentrations increased with both increasing vehicle acceleration and increasing road grade.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fine particle emission characteristics of a light-duty diesel vehicle were examined. </LI> <LI> A diesel vehicle was operated at various vehicle accelerations and road grades. </LI> <LI> Actual mass distribution of particles emitted from test diesel vehicle was obtained. </LI> <LI> Mass concentration increased as both vehicle acceleration and road grade increased. </LI> </UL> </P>
( Deok-won Kim ),( Ji-su Park ),( Eun-ji Oh ),( Jin Yoo ),( Deok-hyeon Kim ),( Keun-yook Chung ) 한국공업화학회 2022 공업화학 Vol.33 No.6
The removal efficiencies of nutrients (N and P) and heavy metals (Cu and Ni) by Rhodobacter blasticus and R. blasticus attached to polysulfone carriers, alginate carriers, PVA carriers, and PVA + zeolite carriers in synthetic wastewater were compared. In the comparison of the nutrient removal efficiency based on varying concentrations (100, 200, 500, and 1000 mg/L), R. blasticus + polysulfone carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 98.9~99.84% for N and 96.92~99.21% for P. The R. blasticus + alginate carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 88.04~97.1% for N and 90.33~97.13% for P. The R. blasticus + PVA carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 18.53~44.25% for N and 14.93~43.63% for P. The R. blasticus + PVA + zeolite carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 26.65~64.33% for N and 23.44~64.05% for P. In addition, at the minimum inhibitory concentration of heavy metals, R. blasticus (dead cells) + polysulfone carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 7.77% for Cu and 12.19% for Ni. Rhodobacter blasticus (dead cells) + alginate carrier treatment showed removal efficiencies of 25.83% for Cu and 31.12% for Ni.
Treatment outcome of postoperative radiotherapy for retroperitoneal sarcoma
Hyun Jin Lee,Si Yeol Song,Tae-Won Kwon,Jeong Hwan Yook,Song-Cheol Kim,Duck-Jong Han,Choung-Soo Kim,Hanjong Ahn,Heung Moon Chang,Jin-Hee Ahn,Eun Jin Jwa,Sang-Wook Lee,Jong Hoon Kim,Eun Kyung Choi,Seong 대한방사선종양학회 2011 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.29 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcome and prognostic factor after postoperative radiotherapy in retroperitoneal sarcoma. Materials and Methods: Forty patients were treated with surgical resection and postoperative radiotherapy for retroperitoneal sarcoma from August 1990 to August 2008. Treatment volume was judged by the location of initial tumor and surgical field, and 45-50 Gy of radiation was basically delivered and additional dose was considered to the high-risk area. Results: The median follow-up period was 41.4 months (range, 3.9 to 140.6 months). The 5-year overall survival (OS) was 51.8% and disease free survival was 31.5%. The 5-year locoregional recurrence free survival was 61.9% and distant metastasis free survival was 50.6%. In univariate analysis, histologic type (p = 0.006) was the strongest prognostic factor for the OS and histologic grade (p = 0.044) or resection margin (p = 0.032) had also effect on the OS. Histologic type (p = 0.004) was unique significant prognostic factor for the actuarial local control. Conclusion: Retroperitoneal sarcoma still remains as a poor prognostic disease despite the combined modality treatment including surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Selective dose-escalation of radiotherapy or combination of effective chemotherapeutic agent must be considered to improve the treatment result especially for the histopathologic type showing poor prognosis.
Recent Updates on Electro-Convulsive Therapy in Patients with Depression
Mi Jin Park,Hyewon Kim,Eun Ji Kim,Vidal Yook,In Won Chung,Sang Min Lee,Hong Jin Jeon 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.1
Objective Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) has been established as a treatment modality for patients with treatment-resistant depression and with some specific subtypes of depression. This narrative review intends to provide psychiatrists with the latest findings on the use of ECT in depression, devided into total eight sub-topics. Methods We searched PubMed for English-language articles using combined keywords and tried to analyze journals published from 1995-2020. Results Pharmacotherapy such as antidepressants or maintenance ECT is more effective than a placebo as prevention of recurrence after ECT. The use of ECT in treatment-resistant depression, depressed patients with suicidal risks, elderly depression, bipolar depression, psychotic depression, and depression during pregnancy or postpartum have therapeutic benefits. As possible mechanisms of ECT, the role of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and other findings in the field of neurophysiology, neuro-immunology, and neurogenesis are also supported. Conclusion ECT is evolving toward reducing cognitive side effects and maximizing therapeutic effects. If robust evidence for ECT through randomized controlled studies are more established and the mechanism of ECT gets further clarified, the scope of its use in the treatment of depression will be more expanded in the future.