Combined Effects of Curcumin and Triptolide on an Ovarian Cancer Cell Line

Cai, Ying-Ying,Lin, Wei-Ping,Li, Ai-Ping,Xu, Jian-Yang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.7

Background: As natural medicines in Asia, curcumin and triptolide extracted from different drug plants have proven to possess anticancer potential and widely used for anti-cancer research. The present study attempted to clarify that curcumin and triptolide synergistically suppress ovarian cancer cell growth in vitro. Methods: To test synergic effects, cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed after curcumin and triptolide combination treatment on ovarian cancer cell lines. Synergistic effects on apoptosis induction were determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss assay and flow cytometry analysis. Critical regulators of cell proliferation and apoptosis related were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: We showed that the combination of curcumin and triptolide could synergistically inhibit ovarian cancer cell growth, and induce apoptosis, which is accompanied by HSP27 and HSP70, indicating that HSP27 and HSP70 play the important role in the synergic effect. Conclusions: From the result present here, curcumin and triptolide combination with lower concentration have a synergistic anti-tumor effect on ovarian cancer and which will have a good potential in clinical applications.

Profiling Gene Expression During Gland Morphogenesis of a Glanded and a Glandless Upland Cotton

Ying-Fan Cai,Min Chen,Quan Sun,Yong-Fang Xie,Sheng-Wei Li,Jian-Chuan Mo,Ming-Feng Jiang,You-Lu Yuan,Yu-Zhen Shi,Huai-Zhong Jiang,Zheng Pan,Yun-Ling Gao,Peng-Sheng Ye,Hua-Lan Zeng 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.6

The pigment gland is an important character of the Gossypium plant. With the aim of identifying genes involved in pigment gland morphogenesis in cotton, gene expression during pigment gland morphogenesis in Chuan 2802, which is glanded both in seed and plant, and a glandless line N5 was profiled using Affymetrix Cotton microarray. The results showed that there were 564 differentially expressed genes greater than twofold during gland morphogenesis. About 60.2% of these genes shares similarity with known genes on GenBank and about 39.8% with no functional description in the database. These described genes may play roles in defense response, response to oxidative stress, peroxidase activity, and the other metabolic pathways. The KEGG Orthology-Based Annotation System indicated that these above twofold expressed genes involved seven biochemical pathways on KEGG. These findings suggest that a complicated regulation is associated with pigment gland morphogenesis and the associated defense response including gossypol biosynthesis in cotton.

Identification and Validation of Four Novel Promoters for Gene Engineering with Broad Suitability across Species

( Cai-yun Wang ),( Li-cheng Liu ),( Ying-cai Wu ),( Yi-xuan Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.8

The transcriptional capacities of target genes are strongly influenced by promoters, whereas few studies have focused on the development of robust, high-performance and cross-species promoters for wide application in different bacteria. In this work, four novel promoters (P_k.rtufB, P_k.r1, P_k.r2, and P_k.r3) were predicted from Ketogulonicigenium robustum and their inconsistency in the -10 and -35 region nucleotide sequences indicated they were different promoters. Their activities were evaluated by using green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a reporter in different species of bacteria, including K. vulgare SPU B805, Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222, Bacillus licheniformis and Raoultella ornithinolytica, due to their importance in metabolic engineering. Our results showed that the four promoters had different activities, with P_k.r1 showing the strongest activity in almost all of the experimental bacteria. By comparison with the commonly used promoters of E. coli (tufB, lac, lacUV5), K. vulgare (Psdh, Psndh) and P. putida KT2440 (JE111411), the four promoters showed significant differences due to only 12.62% nucleotide similarities, and relatively higher ability in regulating target gene expression. Further validation experiments confirmed their ability in initiating the target minCD cassette because of the shape changes under the promoter regulation. The overexpression of sorbose dehydrogenase and cytochrome c551 by P_k.r1 and P_k.r2 resulted in a 22.75% enhancement of 2-KGA yield, indicating their potential for practical application in metabolic engineering. This study demonstrates an example of applying bioinformatics to find new biological components for gene operation and provides four novel promoters with broad suitability, which enriches the usable range of promoters to realize accurate regulation in different genetic backgrounds.

Rare Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Hypothyroidism-Induced Rhabdomyolysis

Ying Cai,Lin Tang 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.1

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by hypothyroidism-induced rhabdomyolysis is a rare and potentially life-threatening syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of such patients. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed five patients treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University with AKI secondary to hypothyroidism-induced rhabdomyolysis from January 2006 to December 2010. Results: Of the five cases reviewed (4 males, age range of 37 to 62 years), adult primary hypothyroidism was caused by amiodarone (1 case), chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (1 case), and by uncertain etiologies (3 cases). All patients presented with facial and lower extremity edema. Three patients presented with weakness, while two presented with blunted facies and oliguria. Only one patient reported experiencing myalgia and proximal muscle weakness, in addition to fatigue and chills. Creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and renal function normalized after thyroid hormone replacement, except in two patients who improved through blood purification. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism should be considered in patients presenting with renal impairment associated with rhabdomyolysis. Moreover, further investigation into the etiology of the hypothyroidism is warranted.

Slow Wave Activity and Modulations in Mouse Jejunum Myenteric Plexus In Situ

( Ying Cai He Tang ),( Fan Jiang ),( Zhaojun Dong ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.1

Background/Aims Myenteric plexus interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) are involved in the generation of gut pacemaker activity and neuronal communication. We performed patch clamp on ICC-MY in situ to observe the changes of pacemaker activity in response to neural modulations. Methods A fresh longitudinal muscle with myenteric plexus (LMMP) from mouse jejunum was prepared. ICC-MY and ganglion neurons embedded in the layer of longitudinal muscles were targeted by patch clamping in whole-cell configuration in a model of current or voltage clamp. Neurogenic modulators were applied to evaluate their effects on ICC pacemaker activity. Results In situ ICC-MY showed spontaneous and rhythmical voltage oscillations with a frequency of 27.2 ± 3.9 cycles/min, amplitude of 32.6 ± 6.3 mV, and resting membrane potential of -62.2 ± 2.8 mV. In situ neurons showed electrically evocable action potential in single or multiple spikes. Pacemaker activity was modulated by neuronal activators through receiving a neuronal input. Application of tetrodotoxin depolarized pacemaker potentials in a dose dependent manner, and decreased the amplitude at tetrodotoxin 0.3 μM for about 40 ± 10%; capsaicin (1 μM) ameliorated ICC-MY K⁺ current for about 49 ± 14.8%; and, nitric oxide hyperpolarized pacemaker potential and decreased the amplitude and frequency. Conclusions The in situ preparation patch clamp study further demonstrates that the pacemaker activity is an intrinsic property of ICC. The neurogenic activators change and shape pacemaker potential and activity in situ. LMMP preparation in situ patch clamp provides an ideal platform to study the fun ctional innervation of the ICC and the enteric neural system, thereby, for evaluating the neural regulation of pacemaker activity, especially in disorder models. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:117-123)

Clinical Significance of Basal-like Breast Cancer in Chinese Women in Heilongjiang Province

Liu, Ying,Jiang, Qiu-Ying,Xin, Tao,Cai, Li,Zhao, Chang-Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.6

Background: Our objective was to clarify the clinical and biological characteristics of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) and non-basal-like breast cancer (TN3BKE) in Heilongjiang. Methods: We examined, by immunohistochemistry, expression of biological markers cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and B cell specific moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1( Bmi-1) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We studied the correlation between BLBC and several factors related to tumor progression, along with its prognostic value. Results: In the 229 cases of operable TNBC, BLBC was detected in 178 (77.7%) and TN3BKE- in 51 (22.2%). There was no significant difference in clinicopathological factors between them, However, BLBC was significantly associated with Bmi-1 expression (P=0.000) and shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.045) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.041). Conclusions: Compared with the non-basal group, patients with BLBC have a high expression of Bmi-1 and a poor prognosis.

Glutamine-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition and Probiotics in Four Adult Autoimmune Enteropathy Patients

( Ren Ying Xu ),( Yan Ping Wan ),( Yi Quan Zhou ),( Li Ping Lu ),( Zhi Qi Chen ),( Ying Jie Wu ),( Wei Cai ) 대한소화기학회 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.3

To evaluate the effects of glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition (PN) and probiotics in adult autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) patients. Four adult AIE patients were identified from April 2006 to January 2012. Clinical and nutritional data were obtained from the patients’ medical records. Glutamine-supplemented PN started immediately when the AIE diagnosis was confirmed. The total PN duration was 351 days. According to the PN prescription, the average caloric intake ranged from 20 to 25 kcal/kg/day, and the protein intake ranged from 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day. Alanyl-glutamine (20 g/day) was administered to AIE patients for 4 weeks followed by a 2-week break, and this treatment schedule was repeated when PN lasted for more than 6 weeks. Body weight gain and an increased serum albumin level were achieved after PN, and defecation frequency and quality also improved. Each patient received oral supplements, 250 mL of Ensure and two probiotics capsules (each capsule containing 0.5×108 colonies) three times a day when enteral nutrition started. Three AIE patients were successfully weaned off PN, and one patient died of pneumonia. Glutamine-supplemented PN and probiotics show promise in managing patients with AIE and related malnutrition.

중국 현대 애니메이션 여성 캐릭터의 보디랭귀지와 여성성의 관계 분석 -중국 애니메이션 ‘백사:연기’를 중심으로-

채영적 ( Cai¸ Ying-di ),김해윤 ( Kim¸ Hae Yoon ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2021 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.76 No.-

현재 중국 인터넷에서는 여성주의 이슈가 큰 논란이 되고 있고, 중국 여성해방운동의 후퇴를 지적하는 학자도 있다. 상업용 애니메이션은 사회적 가치에 반응하고 영향을 미치는 쌍방향 역할을 하며 캐릭터의 보디랭귀지를 통해 캐릭터의 생각과 감정을 표현할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 애니메이션 캐릭터 보디랭귀지 차원에서 김미숙의 논문에서 제시된 여성성과 남성성의 보디랭귀지 요소 프레임을 이용하여 현대 중국 장편 애니메이션 <백사: 연기>에 등장하는 4명의 유형별 여성 캐릭터에 대해 보디랭귀지의 성 특징을 분석하여 중국사회의 여성성이 애니메이션에 얼마나 반영되는지를 분석하였다. 중국 애니메이션에서 순종적이고 전통적인 여성성의 역할을 하는 여성 주인공 캐릭터는 여성성의 보디랭귀지가 많이 표현되는 경향을 보였다, 같은 여성 주인공이지만 악역의 여성 캐릭터는 상대적으로 남성적인 보디랭귀지의 특징이 많이 보이거나 여성적 보디랭귀지와 남성적 보디랭귀지가 비슷한 비율을 보였다. 이는 중국 사회에서 인식하는 올바른 여성성인 순종적이고 연약한 존재라는 전형적인 여성성이 애니메이션의 여성 캐릭터에 반영되었다고 볼 수 있다. 이는 선과 악 그리고 여성관에 대한 중국 사회의 시각이 반영된 결과이며 애니메이션 속 여성 캐릭터의 설정에 있어서 여전히 고정된 이미지에 따른 제한이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과가 중국 애니메이터들이 창작을 진행하는 과정에서 기초자료로 활용되어 여성 캐릭터에 대한 인식을 변화시키는 데 도움이 되기를 기대한다. Nowadays, the topic of feminism is a huge controversy in the Chinese Internet. Some scholars point out the retrogression of the Chinese women's liberation movement. However, commercial animation has a two-way effect of reflecting and influencing social values, and the thoughts and emotions of the characters can be expressed through the body language of the characters. Therefore, from the perspective of the body language of animated characters, this research uses the female and male body language element framework proposed in Misuk Kim’s paper to analysis the body language and gender characteristics of 4 different types of female characters appearing in the long-length animation work ‘White Snake: Yuan Qi’. In Chinese animation, the female protagonist, who plays the role of submissive and traditional femininity, tends to express a lot of feminine body language. while female characters in the same main character show a relatively masculine body language or a similar proportion of feminine and masculine body language. It can be said to have reflected the typical femininity of obedient and vulnerable beings that Chinese society perceives as the female characters of animation. This is a result of reflecting the Chinese society's view of good, evil and the view of women, and it appears that there are still limitations according to the fixed image in the setting of female characters in the animation. It is expected that the results of this study will help Chinese animators change their perception of female characters by being used as basic data in the process of creating them.

Alternaria yunnanensis sp. nov., a New Alternaria Species Causing Foliage Spot of Rubber Tree in China

( Zhi-ying Cai ),( Yi-xian Liu ),( Yu-ping Shi ),( Li-ming Dai ),( Lan-lan Li ),( Hong-jun Mu ),( Mei-lin Lv ),( Xiao-yong Liu ) 한국균학회 2019 Mycobiology Vol.47 No.1

A new species of Alternaria causing leaf spots on the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in Yunnan, China, was isolated, examined, and illustrated. Morphologically, it belongs to the section Porri of Alternaria, which produces relatively large conidia and a simple or branched, filamentous long beak. It is, however, characterized by conidiophores gradually enlarging near the apex into a clavate conidiogenous cell and long ellipsoid to obclavate, smoothwalled conidia with a long filamentous beak. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS rDNA, GAPDH, and TEF1-alpha sequences demonstrate that the phytopathogen falls in the clade of the section Porri, being most closely related to A. sidae, A. sennae, A. deseriticola, A. cyamopsidis, A. rostellata, A. nitrimali, A. crassa, and A. thunbergiae.

双向语法的方法论与语义语法的本体论

楊才英(Yang Cai-ying),梁萬基(Yang Man-ki),趙春利(Zhao Chun-li) 중국문화연구학회 2014 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.25

본 논문은 주로 중국어의 ‘형용사+명사’구조의 예를 통하여 의미문법의 이론적 문제와 양방향문법의 방법론적인 문제를 논의하였다. 우선, 기존의 중국어 문법연구에서 보이는 양방향의 개념을 역사적인 관점에서 검토하였다. 둘째, 방법적인 면에서 양방향문법의 개념과 방법론적 의의를 분석하였고, ‘형용사+명사’구조를 예로 그 과학성과 타당성을 밝혔다. 또한, 의미적 관점에서 의미문법이론의 본질적인 특징을 주로 고찰하였으며, 방법론으로서의 양방향문법과 의미문법이론이 상보적인 관계에 있음을 주장하였다. 즉, 양방향문법은 의미문법이론에 기초할 때 그 방법론적 가치가 드러나며, 반대로 의미문법이론은 양방향문법을 통해 조합규율을 증명할 때에 비로소 의미적 특징을 잘 제시할 수 있다.