Airway Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Methacholine in Precision-Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) from Ovalbumin-induced Asthmatic Mice

Kim, Hae Jin,Kim, Yeryung,Park, Su Jung,Bae, Boram,Kang, Hye-Ryun,Cho, Sang-Heon,Yoo, Hae Young,Nam, Joo Hyun,Kim, Woo Kyung,Kim, Sung Joon The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.1

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reversible airway obstruction. Methacholine (MCh) is widely used in broncho-provocation test to evaluate airway resistance. For experimental investigation, ovalbumin-induced sensitization is frequently used in rodents (Ova-asthma). However, albeit the inflammatory histology and AHR in vivo, it remains unclear whether the MCh sensitivity of airway smooth muscle isolated from Ova-asthma is persistently changed. In this study, the contractions of airways in precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from control, Ova-asthma, and IL-13 overexpressed transgenic mice (IL-13TG) were compared by analyzing the airway lumen space (AW). The airway resistance in vivo was measured using plethysmograph. AHR and increased inflammatory cells in BAL fluid were confirmed in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG mice. In the PCLS from all three groups, MCh concentration-dependent narrowing of airway lumen (${\Delta}AW$) was observed. In contrast to the AHR in vivo, the $EC_{50}$ of MCh for ${\Delta}AW$ from Ova-asthma and IL-13TG were not different from control, indicating unchanged sensitivity to MCh. Although the AW recovery upon MCh-washout showed sluggish tendency in Ova-asthma, the change was also statistically insignificant. Membrane depolarization-induced ${\Delta}AW$ by 60 mM $K^+$ (60K-contraction) was larger in IL-13TG than control, whereas 60K-contraction of Ova-asthma was unaffected. Furthermore, serotonin-induced ${\Delta}AW$ of Ova-asthma was smaller than control and IL-13TG. Taken together, the AHR in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG are not reflected in the contractility of isolated airways from PCLS. The AHR of the model animals seems to require intrinsic agonists or inflammatory microenvironment that is washable during tissue preparation.

Suppression of CFTR-mediated Cl ^- Secretion of Airway Epithelium in Vitamin C-deficient Mice

Kim, Yeryung,Kim, Hyemin,Yoo, Hae-Young,Kang, Jae Seung,Kim, Sung Joon,Kim, Jin Kyoung,Cho, Hyun Sung The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2011 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.26 No.3

<P>Hyperoxic ventilation induces detrimental effects on the respiratory system, and ambient oxygen may be harmful unless compensated by physiological anti-oxidants, such as vitamin C. Here we investigate the changes in electrolyte transport of airway epithelium in mice exposed to normobaric hyperoxia and in gulonolacton oxidase knock-out (gulo[-/-]) mice without vitamin C (Vit-C) supplementation. Short-circuit current (I<SUB>sc</SUB>) of tracheal epithelium was measured using Ussing chamber technique. After confirming amiloride-sensitive Na<SUP>+</SUP> absorption (ΔI<SUB>sc,amil</SUB>), cAMP-dependent Cl<SUP>-</SUP> secretion (ΔI<SUB>sc,forsk</SUB>) was induced by forskolin. To evaluate Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-dependent Cl<SUP>-</SUP> secretion, ATP was applied to the luminal side (ΔI<SUB>sc,ATP</SUB>). In mice exposed to 98% PO<SUB>2</SUB> for 36 hr, ΔI<SUB>sc,forsk</SUB> decreased, ΔI<SUB>sc,amil</SUB> and ΔI<SUB>sc,ATP</SUB> was not affected. In gulo(-/-) mice, both ΔI<SUB>sc,forsk</SUB> and ΔI<SUB>sc,ATP</SUB> decreased from three weeks after Vit-C deprivation, while both were unchanged with Vit-C supplementation. At the fourth week, tissue resistance and all electrolyte transport activities were decreased. An immunofluorescence study showed that the expression of cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (CFTR) was decreased in gulo(-/-) mice, whereas the expression of KCNQ1 K<SUP>+</SUP> channel was preserved. Taken together, the CFTR-mediated Cl<SUP>-</SUP> secretion of airway epithelium is susceptible to oxidative stress, which suggests that supplementation of the antioxidant might be beneficial for the maintenance of airway surface liquid.</P>

Airway Smooth Muscle Sensitivity to Methacholine in Precision-Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) from Ovalbumin-induced Asthmatic Mice

Hae Jin Kim,Yeryung Kim,Su Jung Park,Boram Bae,Hye-Ryun Kang,Sang-Heon Cho,Hae Young Yoo,Joo Hyun Nam,Woo Kyung Kim,Sung Joon Kim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.1

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reversible airway obstruction. Methacholine (MCh) is widely used in broncho-provocation test to evaluate airway resistance. For experimental investigation, ovalbumin-induced sensitization is fre-quently used in rodents (Ova-asthma). However, albeit the inflammatory histology and AHR in vivo, it remains unclear whether the MCh sensitivity of airway smooth muscle isolated from Ova-asthma is persistently changed. In this study, the contractions of airways in precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) from control, Ova-asthma, and IL-13 overexpressed transgenic mice (IL-13TG) were compared by analyzing the airway lumen space (AW). The airway resistance in vivo was measured using ple-thysmograph. AHR and increased inflammatory cells in BAL fluid were confirmed in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG mice. In the PCLS from all three groups, MCh concentration-dependent narrowing of airway lumen (∆AW) was observed. In contrast to the AHR in vivo, the EC50 of MCh for ∆AW from Ova-asthma and IL-13TG were not different from control, indicating unchanged sensitivity to MCh. Although the AW recovery upon MCh-washout showed sluggish tendency in Ova-asthma, the change was also statistically insignificant. Membrane depolarization-induced ∆AW by 60 mM K+ (60K-con-traction) was larger in IL-13TG than control, whereas 60K-contraction of Ova-asthma was unaffected. Furthermore, serotonin-induced ∆AW of Ova-asthma was smaller than control and IL-13TG. Taken together, the AHR in Ova-asthma and IL-13TG are not reflected in the contractility of isolated airways from PCLS. The AHR of the model animals seems to require intrinsic agonists or inflammatory microenvironment that is washable during tissue preparation.

[Obesity] Murine Sleeve Gastrectomy with vs. without Antrectomy: Comparison of Feasibility as an Experimental Model

Yeryung Kim,Suk Bae Moon 대한외과학회 2021 대한외과학회 학술대회 초록집 Vol.2021 No.11

종말의 포착과 그 양식적 전환 : 셀린의 경우

김예령(KIM, Yeryung) 프랑스학회 2013 프랑스학연구 Vol.63 No.-

Le présent travail examine le sens et la fonction de “la pensée eschatologique” chez Céline. S’il la considère comme “lucide”, et donc la plus importante, c’est parce qu’elle constitue la seule chose qui permette à l’homme de révéler sa vérité, la mort, sans aucune vanité ni le moindre mensonge. Il s’agit d’une vision moraliste sur la nature humaine, mais aussi d’un regard démystificateur que l’écrivain jette sur le fondement de la civilisation bourgeoise, d’une auscultation de la situation de son siècle. Céline comprend la pensée eschatologique comme “raffinement” par excellence, c’est-à-dire sensibilité extrême captivant le mouvement d’un instinct — silencieux mais irrésistible au fond de l’homme, autrement dit la “fêlure” qui mène l’humanité à la mort. Ainsi, avec ses gestes figurant la fêlure, et contre l’optimisme trompeur affublé de tous les agréments et “coquetteries” de la vie, la pensée eschatologique réalise à travers ses images allégoriques un art essentiellement non conformiste. Résistance, elle crée dans ses désaccords décisifs avec le monde et dans ses efforts délibérément intempestifs. D’où ce qu’on peut appeler le style tardif de Céline (the“late style” d’après l’expression de E. Said), une “manière” paradoxale de survivre au temps et à la mort. L’idée (ou l’image/pensée) de la Fin atteint son paroxysme lorsqu’elle fait coïncider la vocation médicale, la guérison, avec la vocation artistique, la sublimation de la mort et la conquête du temps. Les voeux ultimes de l’écrivain médecin réclameront par-dessus tout cette assomption: adoucissement de la mort, transfiguration de l’instinct de mort des hommes, si méchant et agressif, en mort paisible, voire en promesse de la grande ouverture du Temps Vierge. De la critique à la clinique, de la fêlure à la dissémination du texte, et de l’évolution (cette temporalité bourgeoise) à “l’involution” (ce mouvement cosmique ou “mystique” de la création). La pensée eschatologique met ainsi le point final à sa grande recherche de lucidité et à sa pérégrination si prolongée pour cet au-delà lumière.

Synergistic Ultrathin Functional Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotube Interlayer for High Performance Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Kim, Joo Hyun,Seo, Jihoon,Choi, Junghyun,Shin, Donghyeok,Carter, Marcus,Jeon, Yeryung,Wang, Chengwei,Hu, Liangbing,Paik, Ungyu American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.31

<P>Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been intensively investigated as a next-generation rechargeable battery due to their high energy density of 2600 W.h kg(-1) and low cost. However, the systemic issues of Li-S batteries, such as the polysulfide shuttling effect and low Coulombic efficiency, hinder the practical use in commercial rechargeable batteries. The introduction of a conductive interlayer between the sulfur cathode and separator is a promising approach that has shown the dramatic improvements in Li-S batteries. The previous interlayer work mainly focused on the physical confinement of polysulfides within the cathode part, without considering the further entrapment of the dissolved polysulfides. Here, we designed an ultrathin poly(acrylic acid) coated single-walled carbon nanotube (PAA-SWNT) film as a synergic functional interlayer to address the issues mentioned above. The designed interlayer not only lowers the charge transfer resistance by the support of the upper current collector but also localizes the dissolved polysulfides within the cathode part by the aid of a physical blocking and chemical bonding. With the synergic combination of PAA and SWNT, the sulfur cathode with a PAA-SWNT interlayer maintained higher capacity retention over 200 cycles and achieved better rate retention than the sulfur cathode with a SWNT interlayer. The proposed approach of combining a functional polymer and conductive support material can provide an optimiztic strategy to overcome the fundamental challenges underlying in Li-S batteries.</P>

Flash-induced reduced graphene oxide as a Sn anode host for high performance sodium ion batteries

Jeon, Yeryung,Han, Xiaogang,Fu, Kun,Dai, Jiaqi,Kim, Joo Hyun,Hu, Liangbing,Song, Taeseup,Paik, Ungyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.4 No.47

<P>Sn is a promising anode material for sodium ion batteries due to its high capacity. However, the fast capacity fading caused by large volume changes limits the employment of Sn anodes. Graphene has been considered as a host for Sn anode materials to improve the cycle performance. However, graphene scaffold preparation with large free spaces is challenging due to the need for a sacrificial template and etching process. Here, we prepared a porous scaffold composed of both reduced graphene oxide and graphene<I>via</I>a camera flash reduction as the host for Sn. The camera flash induces the reduction of the graphene oxide and pores generated by the<I>c</I>-axis popping of the graphene. The mechanical strength of the scaffold is also achieved by adjusting the concentration of graphene which does not react with the flash light. The porosity and mechanical properties of the reduced graphene oxide-graphene scaffold could be controlled by flash irradiation conditions and the mixing ratio between the graphene oxide and graphene. The porous scaffold enables a uniform Sn loading and an improvement in the sodium ion battery performance due to a sufficient free space for accommodating the Sn volume change and mechanical stability.</P>

Microstructure control of the graphite anode with a high density for Li ion batteries with high energy density

Han, Hyungkyu,Park, Hyunjung,Kil, Ki Chun,Jeon, Yeryung,Ko, Youngsan,Lee, Changju,Kim, Minjae,Cho, Chae-Woong,Kim, Kijun,Paik, Ungyu,Song, Taeseup Elsevier 2015 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.166 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As the density of graphite anode is increasing, the pore size and volume in the graphite anode is reduced, which results in a decrease in the electrolyte permeability of electrode. The electrochemical degradation of high density graphite anode due to the low permeability is a major obstacle to its use as anode for lithium ion batteries. In this study, we report on high density graphite anode with the carbon additive added that provides micron size pore structure of the high density graphite anode, which results in an increase in the rate capability. The high density graphite anode with carbon additive exhibited 32.4% higher rate capability at 1C compared to the high density graphite anode without carbon additive. This improvement is mainly attributed to the increased micron-size pores, which enhances the kinetic associated with lithium by improved electrolyte permeation and increased interface between the electrolyte and active material.</P>