Both H4K20 mono-methylation and H3K56 acetylation mark transcription-dependent histone turnover in fission yeast

Yang, H.,Kwon, C.S.,Choi, Y.,Lee, D. Academic Press 2016 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

Nucleosome dynamics facilitated by histone turnover is required for transcription as well as DNA replication and repair. Histone turnover is often associated with various histone modifications such as H3K56 acetylation (H3K56Ac), H3K36 methylation (H3K36me), and H4K20 methylation (H4K20me). In order to correlate histone modifications and transcription-dependent histone turnover, we performed genome wide analyses for euchromatic regions in G2/M-arrested fission yeast. The results show that transcription-dependent histone turnover at 5' promoter and 3' termination regions is directly correlated with the occurrence of H3K56Ac and H4K20 mono-methylation (H4K20me1) in actively transcribed genes. Furthermore, the increase of H3K56Ac and H4K20me1 and antisense RNA production was observed in the absence of the histone H3K36 methyltransferase Set2 and histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) that are involved in the suppression of histone turnover within the coding regions. These results together indicate that H4K20me1 as well as H3K56Ac are bona fide marks for transcription-dependent histone turnover in fission yeast.

운반기체와 Ligand의 첨가가 MOCVD Cu 증착에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

최정환(J. H. Choi),변인재(I. J. Byun),양희정(H. J. Yang),이원희(W. H. Lee),이재갑(J. G. Lee) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 2000 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.9 No.3

(hfac)Cu(l,5-COD)(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentadionato Cu(I) 1,5-cyclooctadine) 증착원을 이용하여 MOCVD(Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition) Cu 박막을 형성하였고, 운반기체가 MOCVD Cu 증착 특성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 조사하였다. 증착된 Cu 박막은 H₂ 운반 기체를 사용한 경우 Ar을 운반기체로 사용한 경우에 비하여 증착률의 증가와 더불어 낮은 비저항을 갖는 박막을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 표면 거칠기의 개선과 강한 (111) 우선 배향성을 나타내는 박막을 얻을 수 있었으나 접착성의 경우에 있어서는 H₂ 운반 기체를 사용한 경우 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 이러한 접착성 감소의 원인은 AES분석에서 확인된 바와 같이 박막내부에 존재하는 F의 영향인 것으로 사료된다. H(hfac) ligand의 첨가 효과에 대하여 조사한 결과에서는 Ar 운반 기체를 사용한 경우 H(hfac) 첨가 시 증착률의 향상이 이루어졌으나 H₂ 운반 기체의 경우 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았고, 비저항의 경우에는 운반 기체와 관계없이 감소하는 결과를 보여 H(hfac) 사용이 증착 특정 개선에 효과적으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 운반기체 변화 및 H(hfac) ligand의 첨가 실험을 통해 MOCVD Cu의 증착기구를 조사하였으며, 이러한 공정조건의 변화가 Cu 박막의 표면거칠기 개선과 동시에 비저항을 낮추는 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. The deposition characteristics of MOCVD Cu using the (hfac)Cu(1,5-COD)(1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentadionato Cu(I) 1,5-cyclooctadine) have been investigated in terms of the effects of carrier gas such as hydrogen and argon as well as the effects of H(hfac) ligand addition. MOCVD Cu using a hydrogen carrier gas led to a higher deposition rate and lower resistivity than an argon carrier gas system. The improvement in the surface roughness of the MOCVD Cu films and the (111) preferred orientation texture was obtained by using a hydrogen carrier gas. However, the adhesion characteristics of the films showed relatively weaker compared to the Ar carrier gas system, probably due to the larger amount of F content in the films, which was confirmed by the AES analyses. When an additional H(hfac) ligand was added, the deposition rate was significantly enhanced in the case of an argon + H(hfac) carrier gas system while significant change in the deposition rate of MOCVD Cu was not observed in the case of the hydrogen carrier gas system. However, the addition of H(hfac) in both carrier gases led to lowering the resistivity of the MOCVD Cu films. In conclusion, this paper suggests the deposition mechanism of MOCVD Cu and is expected to contribute to the enhancement of smooth Cu films with a low resistivity by manipulating the deposition conditions such as the carrier gas and addition of H(hfac) ligand.

Effects of Exogenous Enzymes on Ruminal Fermentation and Degradability of Alfalfa Hay and Rice Straw

Yang, H.E.,Son, Y.S.,Beauchemin, K.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.1

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of exogenous enzymes as a potential means of improving the ruminal digestion (i.e., degradability) of alfalfa hay and rice straw. Twenty six enzyme-additives were examined in terms of protein concentration and enzymic activities on model substrates. The exogenous enzymes contained ranges of endoglucanase, xylanase, ${\beta}$-glucanase, ${\alpha}$-amylase, and protease activities. Six of the enzyme additives were chosen for further investigation. The enzyme additives and a control without enzyme were applied to mature quality alfalfa hay substrate and subsequently incubated in rumen batch cultures. Five of the enzyme additives (CE2, CE13, CE14, CE19, and CE24) increased total gas production (GP) at 48 h of incubation compared to the control (p<0.05). The two additives (CE14 and CE24) having the greatest positive effects on alfalfa hay dry matter, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) degradability were further characterized for their ability to enhance degradation of low quality forages. The treatments CE14, CE24, a 50:50 combination of CE14 and CE24 (CE14+24), and control (no enzyme) were applied to mature alfalfa hay and rice straw. For alfalfa hay, application of the two enzyme additives, alone and in combination, increased GP compared to the control at 48 h fermentation (p<0.05), whereas only CE14 and CE14+24 treatments improved GP from rice straw (p<0.05). Rumen fluid volatile fatty acid concentrations throughout the incubation of rice straw were analyzed. Acetate concentration was slightly lower (p<0.05) for CE14${\times}$CE24 compared to the control, although individually, CE14 and CE24 acetate concentrations were not different from the control. Increases (p<0.05) in alfalfa hay NDF degradability measured at 12 and 48 h of incubation occurred only for CE14 (at 12 h) and for CE14+24 (at 12 and 48 h). Similarly, ADF degradability increased (p<0.05) with CE14 and CE14+24. As for rice straw, increased DM degradability was observed at 12 and 48 h of incubation for all enzyme treatments with an exception for CE14 at 12 h. The degradability of NDF was improved by all the enzyme treatments at either incubation time, while ADF degradability was only enhanced at 48 h. Overall, the enzymes led to enhanced digestion of mature alfalfa and there was evidence of improved digestibility of rice straw, an even lower quality forage.

H. pylori 제균 실패율과 clarithromycin 내성률의 일치성

허재형 ( J. H. Heo ),남승우 ( S. W. Nam ),노임환 ( I. H. Roe ),양미라 ( M. R. Yang ),김정택 ( J. T. Kim ),송일환 ( I. H. Song ),임창영 ( C. Y. Lim ),김정원 ( J. W. Kim ),신지현 ( J. H. Shin ) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

<목적> H. pylori 제균 치료성적을 좌우하는 요소에는 약제와 대상 환자군의 선정, 균검사방법의 차이, 항생제 저항성 등이 중요시되고 있다. 이 중에서도 항생제 저항성은 나라간의 H. pylori 제균 성적을 다르게 하는 대표적인 원인이다. 우리나라는 제균률이 외국보다 저조하여 85%내외로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 H. pylori 제균 실패율과 clarithromycin 내성률을 조사하여 제균 실패 원인으로서의 clarithromycin

Display of membrane proteins on the heterologous caveolae carved by caveolin-1 in the Escherichia coli cytoplasm

Shin, J.,Jung, Y.H.,Cho, D.H.,Park, M.,Lee, K.E.,Yang, Y.,Jeong, C.,Sung, B.H.,Sohn, J.H.,Park, J.B.,Kweon, D.H. IPC Science and Technology Press ; Elsevier Scienc 2015 Enzyme and microbial technology Vol.79 No.-

Caveolae are membrane-budding structures that exist in many vertebrate cells. One of the important functions of caveolae is to form membrane curvature and endocytic vesicles. Recently, it was shown that caveolae-like structures were formed in Escherichia coli through the expression of caveolin-1. This interesting structure seems to be versatile for a variety of biotechnological applications. Targeting of heterologous proteins in the caveolae-like structure should be the first question to be addressed for this purpose. Here we show that membrane proteins co-expressed with caveolin-1 are embedded into the heterologous caveolae (h-caveolae), the cavaolae-like structures formed inside the cell. Two transmembrane SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) proteins, Syntaxin 1a and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2), were displayed on the h-caveolae surface. The size of the h-caveolae harboring the transmembrane proteins was ~100nm in diameter. The proteins were functional and faced outward on the h-caveolae. Multi-spanning transmembrane proteins FtsH and FeoB could be included in the h-caveolae, too. Furthermore, the recombinant E. coli cells were shown to endocytose substrate supplemented in the medium. These results provide a basis for exploiting the h-caveolae formed inside E. coli cells for future biotechnological applications.

과산화수소가 함유된 저산도 질산용액에서 DEHPA 추출제에 의한 Np 의 추출거동

이일희,양한범,김광욱,임재관,유재형 ( E . H . Lee,H . B . Yang,K . K . Kim,J . K . Lim,J . H . Yoo ) 한국공업화학회 1996 공업화학 Vol.7 No.4

본 연구는 Np의 환원제로 H₂O₂가 함유된 IM 이하의 저산도 질산용액으로부터 DEHPA(di-(2-ethyhexyl)phosphoric acid) 추출제에 의한 Np의 추출 및 역추출 조건 설정과 추출속도 향상에 주안점을 두어, 회분식으로 실험을 수행하였다. 저산도 질산용액에서 Np의 산화상태는 주로 Np(V)로 존재하고 있음을 확인하였으며, NP의 추출율은 H₂0₂농도 및 DEHPA의 농도 증가에 따라 증가하고, 질산농도 증가에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 제3의 산화/환원제가 첨가되지 않는 경우 추출율은 약 70% 정도로 다소 낮지만, DEHPA에 의해 추출이 가능함을 보았다. 또한 추출속도는 H₂O₂농도의 0.516 승에 비례하며, 질산농도의 0.483 승에 반비례하고 있는 다음과 같은 식을 얻었다. d[Np(V)]/dt=-1.391×10^(-2)[H₂O₂]^(0.516)[HNO₃]^(-0.483) [Np(V)] 그리고 과산화수소의 첨가 유무에 관계없이, 유기상으로 추출된 Np은 옥살산(oxalic acid)에 의해 효과적으로 역추출되었으며, 0.5M 옥살산으로 약 92% 이상을 역추출하였다. Extraction behaviour of Np with DEHPA(di-(2-ethyhexyl) phosphoric acid) from the low nitric acid solution(below 1M HNO₃) containing H₂O₂as a reducing agent was studied at a batch system in order to establish the conditions of extraction and stripping and to enhance the extraction rate. As results, it was confirmed that the Np was mainly the pentavalent oxidation state in the low nitric acid solution. The extraction yield of Np was increased with increasing the concentration of DEHPA and H₂O₂and decreased more rapidly with the increase of HNO₃ concentration. It was also found that the Np could be extracted into DEHPA even without the addition any redox agents, although the extraction yield is rather low as about 70%. The extraction rate was proportional to the 0.516 power of H₂O₂concentration and inversely proportional to 0.483 power of HNO, concentration as follows. d[Np(V)]/dt=-1.391×10^(-2)[H₂O₂]^(0.516)[HNO₃]^(-0.483) [Np(V)] Regardless of the H₂O₂, the Np extracted in the organic phase was effectively stripped to the aqueous phase with H₂C₂O₄. The Np could be stripped more than 92% with 0.5M H₂C₂O₄.

산소일수증기 흡입 제철에 관한 연구

양훈영 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1969 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.7 No.3

현금의 제철법을 간접제철법과 직접제철법의 두가지로 크게 나눌 수 있다. 이 중 대부분의 철은 전자에 속하는 코크스 용광로법에 의하여 생산되고 있다. 이 코코스용광로법은 오랜 역사를 가짐과 동시에 그 생산성과 경제성은 다른 제철법의 추종은 불허하는 중요한 위치에 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 이 제철법은 막대한 건설자금과 대용량화가 필요하며 더우기 나라에 따라서는 전연 없거나 고갈해가는 코크스원료인 점결탄을 필요로 함과 동시에 장입원료에 요구되는 조건들이 엄격한 등의 결점을 가지고 있다. 현재 대량의 산소의 사용이 철강공업 특히 제강분야에 보편화 되어가고 있다. 제철분야에 있어서의 산소의 이용은 산소부화 공기의 사용과 최근 발표되고 있는 Stora 회전로법 정도이다. 여기에서는 순산소를 가장 열효율이 높은 직립로에 사용함으로써 적은 투자와 소규모로 제철할 수 있고 원료조건도 비교적 완화되는 제철법을 모색하고자 시험을 하였다. 기초실험과 산소-수증기 취입시험에서 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) H₂와 CO로 된 혼합가스에 의한 광석의 환원속도는 H₂ 함량이 클수록 크며 H₂ 40∼50%까지의 혼합가스가 환원력이 크다. (2) 환원온도와 가스유량이 클 수록 환원속도가 빠르며, CO₂, N₂ 함량이 적을 수록 환원력은 크다. (3) 산소 취입시의 수증기의 첨가량이 적을수록 H₂, CO₂함량은 적어진다. (4) 노정가스중의 CO, H₂ 함량은 보통의 용광로 가스보다 많으며 CO₂를 제거한 청정가스는 보조연료로서 재사용이 가능하다. A preliminary study has been made of the reduction by mixtures of CO and H₂ of natural hematite ore. Effects of gas composition, temperature, and gas flow rate on the reduction rate were studied. Preferable reduction performance was achieved with an elevated temperature, a H₂ rich gas mixture, and increased gas flow rate. Based on the preliminary work, a larger scale test in a low shaft vessel with ore burden and coke, into which an oxygen-steam blast was blown, has also been made to approach the physical chemical behavior to the practical operation. From the test, it was evaluated that shaft furnace for iron ore reduction could be shortened in its height than conventional blast furnace, since the temperature gradient in the shaft vessel was so steepened and bosh gas composition was much more powerful than that of blast furnace. A proposed sheet was attempted fox the ironmaking process with oxygen-steam blast, using cleaned top gas as an auxiliary fuel, excluding blast hot stove, causing decreased coke ratio and increased production.

H. pylori성 위염에서 위축진행과 Myeloperoxidase(MPO) 유전자 다형성(genetic polymorphism)의 관련성

이만용 ( M. Y. Lee ),노임환 ( I. H. Roe ),양미라 ( M. R. Yang ),남승우 ( S. W. Nam ),허재형 ( J. H. Heo ),임창영 ( C. Y. Lim ),송일한 ( I. H. Song ),김정원 ( J. W. Kim ),신지현 ( J. H. Shin ) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

<목적> H. pylori는 위 점막에서 많은 중성구들의 침윤이 특징적으로 관찰되는 활동성 위염을 일으키며 중성구들에서 나오는 많은 산소라디칼 등은 상피세포의 손상과 apoptosis을 유도하고 위축성 변화로 진전하는데 주도적인 역할을 한다. 특히 중성구의 myeloperioxidase(MPO)는 산소라디칼의 공격적인 산화적 잠재력을 중폭시키고 monochloramine을 생성하여 위세포의 손상과 위축성 변화를 야기한다고 이해되고 있다. 그러나 위축성위

악력의 인간공학적 평가를 위한 접근 방법 : 들기 작업 자세의 경우 Case by the Manual Lifting

양성환,박범,갈원모 한국산업안전학회 1997 한국안전학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Manual lifting techniques are commonly defined in terms of the postures adopted at the start of the lift. Quantitative definition is problematic, however, because the absolute joint angles adopted to lift an object are influenced by task parameters, such as the initial height of the load. The main objective of this study is to investigate the grip strength of the both hands at the initial lifting points. The survey is conducted by measuring the compression force, anthropometric data and grip strength at the lifting postures for the subjects(n=50) who is assigned to their job as usual. The experiment is performed at the four lifting postures which involving the combination of two horizontal factors(H1 : 35 ㎝, H2 : 55 ㎝) and two vertical factors(V1 : 20∼80 ㎝, V2:47∼102 ㎝). The analysis result of lifting posture indicated that each H1-V1, H2-V1 combinations are about 60˚ and each H1-V2, H2-V2 combinations are about 30˚. There are significant differences on grip strength between 60˚ and 30˚ stooped posture. The results of this study can be provided a method defining lifting postures at the minimum grip strength. Also, it is eliminated a hazard of the injuries which are cumulative trauma disorders(CTDs) and back pain, increased a productivity and improved a welfare of workers.

Gastroprotective actions of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai water extracts in ethanol-induced rat models of acute and chronic gastritis

Yang, H.J.,Kim, M.J.,Kwon, D.Y.,Kang, E.S.,Kang, S.,Park, S. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.208 No.-

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Taraxacum coreanum Nakai has been traditionally used for treating inflammatory diseases including gastrointestinal diseases. Aim of the study: We studied whether water extracts of Taraxacum coreanum Nakai (TCN) had a protective effect on acute and chronic gastritis induced by ethanol/HCl in an animal model of gastritis and its mechanism was also explored. Materials and methods: In the acute study, rats were orally administered 0.15g/mL dextrin (normal-control), 0.15g/mL dextrin (control), 0.05g/mL TCN (TCN-L), 0.15g/mL TCN (TCN-H), or 0.01g/mL omeprazole (orally; positive-control), followed by oral administration of 1mL of 60% ethanol plus 150mM HCl (inducer). In the chronic study, rats were administered 10% diluted inducer in drinking water, and 0.6% dextrin, 0.2% or 0.6% TCN, and 0.05% omeprazole were administered in chow for 4 weeks. Acid content, gastric structure, oxidative stress, and markers of inflammation in the stomach tissue were measured at the end of experiment. Results: Acute and chronic ethanol/HCl administration caused the inner layer of the stomach to redden, hemorrhage, and edema in the control group; TCN-H reduced these symptoms more effectively than did the omeprazole positive-control. Acid production and total acidity in the stomach increased in the control group, which was markedly suppressed by omeprazole. TCN also reduced the acid production and acidity, but not to the same degree as omeprazole. H-E and PAS staining revealed that in the inner layer of the stomach, cellular structure was disrupted, with an increased nuclear size and thickness, disarrangement, and decreased mucin in the control group. TCN prevented the cellular disruption in the inner layer, and TCN-H was more effective than the positive-control. This was associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. TCN dose-dependently reduced the infiltration of mast cells and TNF-α expression in the inner layer of the stomach, and decreased lipid peroxides by increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase expression. Conclusions: TCN-H acutely and chronically protected against gastritis and gastric ulcer by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, not by completely suppressing gastric acid production.