Surgical approaches to hepatic hydatidosis ranging from partial cystectomy to liver transplantation

Sanjay Goja,Sujeet Kumar Saha,Sanjay Kumar Yadav,Anisha Tiwari,Arvinder Singh Soin 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.3

Backgrounds/Aims: A wide range of surgical approaches has been described for hepatic hydatidosis aiming primarily at the reduction of disease recurrence and minimization of postoperative morbidity. Methods: A database analysis of patients with liver hydatidosis who underwent different surgical procedures between March 2010 and May 2016 was performed. Results: A total of 21 patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE) and four cases of alveolar echinococcosis (AED) were detected. Nine patients manifested recurrent disease at presentation. Among CE cases, 5 underwent partial cystectomy (2 laparoscopic and 3 open), 9 cysto-pericystectomy (7 open and 2 robotic) and 7 hepatectomies (1 central, 4 right, 1 left and 1 right trisectionectomy). Living donor liver transplantation was performed in 3 patients with AED and the fourth patient underwent right trisectionectomy with en bloc resection of hepatic flexure and right diaphragm. Seven developed Clavien grade II and three grade III complications. The mean follow-up of CE was 34.19±19.75 months. One patient of laparoscopic partial cystectomy developed disease recurrence at 14 months. No recurrence was detected at a mean follow-up of 34±4.58 months following LDLT and at 24 months following multivisceral resection for AED. Conclusions: The whole spectrum of tailored surgical approaches ranging from minimally invasive to open and extended liver resections represents safe, effective and recurrence-free treatment of hepatic hydatidosis.

Extensive Extra-laryngeal Branching and Sympathetic Anastomosis of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: Nerve Wracking Trap

Yadav Sanjay Kumar,Silodia Ashutosh,Anand Aaryan,B Rajesh,Rai Roshni 대한내분비외과학회 2021 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.21 No.2

Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) is one of the dreaded complications of thyroid and parathyroid surgery (1). In case of anatomical variations this risk is further increased. Terminal branching of RLN occurs anywhere from several centimeters from the cricothyroid muscle to within the larynx itself (2). Prevalence of extra-laryngeal branching (ELB) is reported to be around 60% (3). Another anatomical variation is anastomosis between RLN, and the cervical sympathetic chain known as sympathetic inferior laryngeal anastomotic branch (SILAB) which is rare (1%–2%) (4). We recently operated upon a patient of papillary thyroid carcinoma and encountered both these anatomic variations.

A Modified Single Port Minimally Invasive Video Assisted Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Technique Using Tubular Retractor System

Yadav Sanjay Kumar,Jha Chandan Kumar,Johri Goonj 대한내분비외과학회 2021 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.21 No.2

Minimally invasive video assisted thyroid and parathyroid surgery (MIVAT/MIVAP) has become a common approach worldwide and is being performed for malignant thyroid nodules and bilateral neck exploration for parathyroid as well (1). It is a central gasless approach as compared to the endoscopic approach proposed by Gagner (2) and other approaches described using CO2 insufflation, external retraction, lateral access as proposed by Henry et al. (3). The advantages of MIVAT/MIVAP are smaller incision, early post-operative recovery and lesser pain leading to better patient satisfaction. Other advantages arise due to the use of magnifying endoscope enabling an easier identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), external branch of superior laryngeal nerves and parathyroids (4). We here describe a modified single port MIVAT/MIVAP technique using tubular retractor system.

Evaluation of efficacy of Valsalva maneuver for attenuating propofol injection pain: a prospective, randomized, single blind, placebo controlled study

Sanjay Kumar,Sandeep Khuba,Anil Agarwal,Sujeet Gautam,Madhulika Yadav,Aanchal Dixit 대한마취통증의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.71 No.6

Background: Pain on injection is a limitation with propofol use. The effect of the Valsalva maneuver on pain during propofol injection has not been studied. This maneuver reduces pain through the sinoaortic baroreceptor reflex arc and by distraction. We aimed to assess the efficacy of the Valsalva maneuver in reducing pain during propofol injection. Methods: Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists class I adult patients undergoing general anesthesia were enrolled and divided into two groups of 40 each. Group I (Valsalva) patients blew into a sphygmomanometer tube raising the mercury column up to 30 mmHg for 20 seconds, while Group II (Control) patients did not. Anesthesia was induced with 1% propofol immediately afterwards. Pain was assessed on a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS), where 0 represented no pain, and 10, the worst imaginable pain, and a 4-point withdrawal response score, where 0 represented no pain, and 3, the worst imaginable pain. Scores were presented as median (interquartile range). Results: We analyzed the data of 70 patients. The incidence of pain was significantly lower in the Valsalva than in the control group (53% vs. 78%, P = 0.029). The withdrawal response score was significantly lower in the Valsalva group (1.00 [0.00–1.00] vs. 2.00 [2.00–3.00], P < 0.001). The VAS score was significantly lower in the Valsalva group (1.00 [0.00–4.00] vs. 7.00 [6.25–8.00], P < 0.001). Conclusions: A prior Valsalva maneuver is effective in attenuating injection pain due to propofol; it is advantageous in being a non-pharmacological, safe, easy, and time-effective technique.

Heavy elemental compound addition enhancing thermoelectric performance of Chromium Silicide synthesized by Spark plasma sintering

Yadav Manju,Upadhyay Naval Kishor,Johari Kishor Kumar,Shyam Radhey,Dhakate Sanjay R.,Gahtori Bhasker,Muthiah Saravanan 한국물리학회 2024 Current Applied Physics Vol.64 No.-

Silicide-based materials drive great potential in developing mid-temperature range thermoelectric generators (TEGs) applications. However, realizing the efficient and stable silicide materials is still a constraint for its real potential device applications. Chromium silicide will likely become p-type thermoelectric materials in this direction for thermoelectric power generation applications. However, high thermal conductivity values impede the figure-of-merit (zT). The present work adopts the chromium silicide, adding different weight percentages of well-known ZrCoSbSn compounds employing the compaction spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. By adopting these combinations, the thermal conductivity is significantly reduced by enhanced scattering of heat-carrying phonons by multiple interfaces. Also, the maximum power factor value of ≃ 2.1 × 10−3 W/mK2 is achieved by employing a CrSi2 -ZrCoSbSn compound addition. The enhanced figure-of-merit value (zT) ≃ 0.26 is realized in the temperature at 623 K for the CrSi2-5wt% ZrCoSbSn compound material.

DETERMINANTS OF WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR TRADITIONAL BUNDLES

Shivan Sanjay Patel,Shivendra Kumar Pandey,Dheeraj Sharma,Rama Shankar Yadav 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

The present work aims to extend Meyer, Shankar, & Berry (2017)’s work on antecedents of consumer willingness to pay (WTP). This research paper investigates the role of antecedents such as autonomy, quality variability, complementarity, overall quality and bundle quality, for the traditional bundles (i.e., bundles consisting of either goods or services). The paper uses the choice-based conjoint methodology to measure consumer’s WTP for the traditional bundles in an experimental vignette set-up. The study uses four different types of traditional bundles as consumer stimuli to analyze the factors mentioned above. The results indicate that autonomy, overall bundle quality, and quality variability were significant in influencing the consumer’s WTP. Consumer WTP has been widely used as a factor to derive the optimal prices of the bundles in the literature. For a retailer selling a traditional bundle, it is imperative to have an understanding of consumer WTP and also make an attempt to increase it by offering high customer value. By knowing the factors determining the antecedents of consumer WTP, one can reap higher benefits monetarily as well as in the form of increased customer satisfaction. The paper also challenges the view that it is difficult to influence the consumer’s WTP. It advances the understanding of the factors which influence the consumer WTP for the widely used traditional bundles.

MARKETING RESEARCH FOR MANAGERS: REVISITED

Shivan Sanjay Patel,Shivendra Kumar Pandey,Dheeraj Sharma,Rama Shankar Yadav 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

The present paper is an addition to the relevance debate in marketing literature. Research is said to be ‘relevant,’ if it leads to change, alteration or validation of how managers think, talk or act. However, the majority of the literature on relevance debate talks about the decline in relevance, yet no study has scientifically measured it. The present study uses content analysis to analyze the trends in different types of relevance across three different eras of marketing eras (i.e., commoditization, generalization and post-debate era). We also conducted a second study to check the relative importance of different types of relevance to the managers using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results reveal a U-shaped curve of the relevance across these different eras. They also reveal the influence of the relevance debate on the research conducted by academicians. Out of the eight types of managerial relevance identified, “Forecasts” was ranked the highest, followed by “Rhetoric devices” and “Uncovering causal relationships.” Finally, the study also presents a view for an academician to shape his/her research concerning the current needs of the industry.

Effect of Egg Albumen, Vegetable Oil, Corn Bran, and Cooking Methods on Quality Characteristics of Chicken Nuggets Using Response Surface Methodology

Ashok Kumar Pathera,Charanjit Singh Riar,Sanjay Yadav,Pradeep Kumar Singh 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.5

Response surface methodology was used to study the effect of egg albumen (5–15 g), vegetable oil (5–15 g), and corn bran (5–15 g) on sensory and textural (firmness and toughness) quality of chicken nuggets cooked by the oven, steam, and microwave methods. The egg albumen and vegetable oil had a positive linear effect but corn bran had a negative linear effect at p<0.01 on sensory overall acceptability scores of nuggets. Firmness and toughness scores were increased significantly (p<0.01) with the increase in corn bran level in the formulation. The optimum level of egg albumen, vegetable oil, and corn bran were obtained and validated. Cooking methods also affected the sensory and textural quality of nuggets. Steam cooked nuggets had higher values of sensory scores than oven and microwave cooked nuggets. Oven cooked nuggets showed higher values of firmness and toughness than steam and microwave cooked nuggets. Results of this study suggest that emulsion based meat products can be enriched with dietary fiber source like corn bran without compromising the sensory and textural quality of the products.

Volume ratio and pressure drop on hydraulic dynamic pressure calibration system

Afaqul Zafer,Sanjay Yadav,Arif Sanjid,Lalit Kumar,Raman Kumar Sharma 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.8

The calibration of a pressure transducer that works in dynamic conditions is an unavoidable challenge. To address this challenge, an experimental setup has been designed and developed to simultaneously generate and calibrate the dynamic pressure. The system mainly comprises a pressure chamber that accommodates a step pressure generator and test chamber with a quick open valve and pressure sensor under calibration. Accordingly, an aperiodic type of step pressure generator with a quick open valve is particularly designed. This instrument can generate a positive step pressure with a rise time of up to 11 ms and a negative step pressure with a fall time of up to 12 ms within a working pressure range from the atmospheric pressure to 200 MPa. The volume ratio of the test chamber to the pressure chamber and its effect on pressure drop is critical in such systems. The effect of volume ratio on the dynamic performance parameters, namely, rise/fall time, is explored and inferences for optimizing these parameters are derived. A mathematical model for pressure drop in the test chamber has been developed and validated to precisely determine the magnitude of the step pressure input. Lastly, the experimental study of the effect of volume ratio on pressure drop has been conducted to diminish the pressure drop, thereby minimizing the uncertainty.

Characterization of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase cDNA in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]

Kashmir Singh,Sanjay Kumar,Sudesh Kumar Yadav,Paramvir Singh Ahuja 한국식물생명공학회 2009 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.3 No.1

Tea leaves are major source of catechins— antioxidant flavonoids. Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, EC 1.1.1.219) is one of the important enzymes that catalyzes the reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanins, a key ‘‘late’’ step in the biosynthesis of catechins. This manuscript reports characterization of DFR from tea (CsDFR) that comprised 1,413 bp full-length cDNA with ORF of 1,044 bp (115–1,158) and encoding a protein of 347 amino acids. Sequence comparison of CsDFR with earlier reported DFR sequences in a database indicated conservation of 69– 87% among amino acid residues. In silico analysis revealed CsDFR to be a membrane-localized protein with a domain (between 16 and 218 amino acids) resembling the NADdependent epimerase/dehydratase family. The theoretical molecular weight and isoelectric point of the deduced amino sequence of CsDFR were 38.67 kDa and 6.22, respectively. Upon expression of CsDFR in E. coli, recombinant protein was found to be functional and showed specific activity of 42.85 nmol min-1 mg protein-1. Expression of CsDFR was maximum in younger rather than older leaves. Expression was down-regulated in response to drought stress and abscisic acid, unaffected by gibberellic acid treatment, but up-regulated in response to wounding, with concomitant modulation of catechins content. This is the first report of functionality of recombinant CsDFR and its expression in tea. Tea leaves are major source of catechins— antioxidant flavonoids. Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR, EC 1.1.1.219) is one of the important enzymes that catalyzes the reduction of dihydroflavonols to leucoanthocyanins, a key ‘‘late’’ step in the biosynthesis of catechins. This manuscript reports characterization of DFR from tea (CsDFR) that comprised 1,413 bp full-length cDNA with ORF of 1,044 bp (115–1,158) and encoding a protein of 347 amino acids. Sequence comparison of CsDFR with earlier reported DFR sequences in a database indicated conservation of 69– 87% among amino acid residues. In silico analysis revealed CsDFR to be a membrane-localized protein with a domain (between 16 and 218 amino acids) resembling the NADdependent epimerase/dehydratase family. The theoretical molecular weight and isoelectric point of the deduced amino sequence of CsDFR were 38.67 kDa and 6.22, respectively. Upon expression of CsDFR in E. coli, recombinant protein was found to be functional and showed specific activity of 42.85 nmol min-1 mg protein-1. Expression of CsDFR was maximum in younger rather than older leaves. Expression was down-regulated in response to drought stress and abscisic acid, unaffected by gibberellic acid treatment, but up-regulated in response to wounding, with concomitant modulation of catechins content. This is the first report of functionality of recombinant CsDFR and its expression in tea.