Genetic Studies on Faecal Egg Counts and Packed Cell Volume Following Natural Haemonchus contortus Infection and Their Relationships with Liveweight in Muzaffarnagari Sheep

Yadav, N.K.,Mandal, Ajoy,Sharma, D.K.,Rout, P.K.,Roy, R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.11

A total of 437 animals, comprising lambs aged between 3 and 12 months and adults of either sex of Muzaffarnagari sheep maintained at the Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India were screened to assess the prevalence of Haemonchus contortus infection following natural infection and to identify the various factors affecting faecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) of ewes and their genetic control. The relationships between FEC, PCV and body weight were also estimated. The prevalence rate for H. contortus infection in the flock under study was 15.7% indicating much lower occurrence of worm infection in lambs up to one year of age. On the other hand, a large proportion i.e., 67.7% of sheep was refractive to natural H. contortus infection. The random effect of sire significantly contributed (p<0.01) variation in log-transformed FEC (LFEC) of ewes. The season of birth had a significant (p<0.01) effect on LFEC of ewes. The lactating ewes had significantly (p<0.01) higher faecal egg counts compared to dry and pregnant ewes. The linear regression effects of the age of ewes on LFEC of animals were significant (p<0.01) in the present study. The heritabilities of LFEC, PCV and body weights of ewes during the course of infection were moderate to high in magnitude and ranged from 0.24 to 0.47. The LFEC of ewes was significantly (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with PCV at both genetic and phenotypic level. The genetic and phenotypic relationships between LFEC and body weights of ewes were -0.26 and -0.06 for this breed. The genetic correlation of PCV and body weight of ewes was positive and high (0.58) and statistically significant (p<0.05) but it was negatively correlated (-0.01) with body weight at the phenotypic level.

Mucoadhesive microsphere based suppository containing granisetron hydrochloride for management of emesis in chemotherapy

N. H. Salunkhe,N. R. Jadhav,K. K. Mali,R. J. Dias,V. S. Ghorpade,A. V. Yadav 한국약제학회 2014 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.44 No.4

The purpose of present work was to developsuppositories containing mucoadhesive microspheres ofgranisetron hydrochloride (GH) using combination ofxanthan gum and sodium alginate. Twelve different batchesof microspheres containing GH were prepared bysimple emulsification method and evaluated for surfacemorphology, particle size, equilibrium swelling degree,drug content, in vitro mucoadhesion, and in vitro drugrelease. The suppositories containing optimized batch ofmicrospheres (C2) were formulated by fusion method usinghydrophilic and lipophilic polymer base. The suppositorieswere evaluated for weight variation, hardness, macromeltingrange, drug content, drug release, morphology ofrectal tissues, and in vivo suppository localization. Resultsshow that, all microsphere batches were spherical and hadsize range 23.56–36.76 lm. The % drug encapsulation wasfound in the range 61.67–92.30 %, and showed satisfactorymucoadhesion. Especially, C2 batch had 83.67 % mucoadhesionand 92.30 % drug encapsulation and showedrelease retardation for 4 h. The results of all suppositorieswere within the pharmacopoeial standard limits. Drugcontent of all the suppositories was in the range93.20–98.40 %. The suppository batch (P2M) wasconsidered best on the basis of optimum retardation up to5 h, high drug content, optimum mechanical strength andzero order release (r2 = 0.9860). The suppository of batchP2M showed no morphological changes in rectal tissuesindicating its safety. In vivo localization revealed satisfactorymucoadhesion of microspheres. Hence, it can beconcluded that, delivery of GH in suppository form canavoid its presystemic metabolism, thus, may be an efficientalternative to its oral dosage form and conventionalsuppository.

Numerical solution of unsteady advection dispersion equation arising in contaminant transport through porous media using neural networks

Yadav, N.,Yadav, A.,Kim, J.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS - Vol.72 No.4

<P>A soft computing approach based on artificial neural network (ANN) and optimization is presented for the numerical solution of the unsteady one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (ADE) arising in contaminant transport through porous media. A length factor ANN method, based on automatic satisfaction of arbitrary boundary conditions (BCs) was chosen for the numerical solution of ADE. The strength of ANN is exploited to construct a trial approximate solution (TAS) for ADE in a way that it satisfies the initial or BCs exactly. An unsupervised error is constructed in approximating the solution of ADE which is minimized by training ANN using gradient descent algorithm (GDA). Two challenging test problems of ADE are considered in this paper, in which, the first problem has steep boundary layers near x = 1 and many numerical methods create non-physical oscillation near steep boundaries. Also for the second problem many numerical schemes suffer from computational noise and instability issues. The proposed method is advantageous as it does not require temporal discretization for the solution of the ADEs as well as it does not suffer from numerical instability. The reliability and effectiveness of the presented algorithm is investigated by sufficient large number of independent runs and comparison of results with other existing numerical methods. The results show that the present method removes the difficulties arising in the solution of the ADEs and provides solution with good accuracy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

An efficient algorithm based on artificial neural networks and particle swarm optimization for solution of nonlinear Troesch’s problem

Yadav, N.,Yadav, A.,Kumar, M.,Kim, J. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 NEURAL COMPUTING AND APPLICATIONS Vol.28 No.1

<P>In this article, a simple and efficient approach for the approximate solution of a nonlinear differential equation known as Troesch's problem is proposed. In this article, a mathematical model of the Troesch's problem is described which arises in confinement of plasma column by radiation pressure. An artificial neural network (ANN) technique with gradient descent and particle swarm optimization is used to obtain the numerical solution of the Troesch's problem. This method overcomes the difficulty arising in the solution of Troesch's problem in the literature for eigenvalues of higher magnitude. The results obtained by the ANN method have been compared with the analytical solutions as well as with some other existing numerical techniques. It is observed that our results are more approximate and solution is provided on continuous finite time interval unlike the other numerical techniques. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that once the network is trained, it allows evaluating the solution at any required number of points for higher magnitude of eigenvalues with less computing time and memory.</P>

Security, Vulnerability and Protection of Vehicular On-board Diagnostics

Aastha Yadav,Gaurav Bose,Radhika Bhange,Karan Kapoor,N.Ch.S.N Iyengar,Ronnie D. Caytiles 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.4

Recent studies have shown that ‘’hacktivists’’ can mount serious attacks on automobiles. The automotive On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) interface enables an efficient way to access information of the in-vehicle electronic system and leaves way for unauthorized access by an intruder. We discover that remote exploitation is feasible via a broad range of attack points such as mechanic tools, CD players, Bluetooth and Tire Pressure Monitoring System. Wireless communications channels allow long distance vehicle control. Finally, the paper discusses the drawbacks of Seed-Key Mechanism to authenticate and provide an extra layer of authentication to help build a safer automotive ecosystem.

A C0 finite element investigation for buckling of shear deformable laminated composite plates with random material properties

D.Yadav,B.N.Singh,N.G.R.lyengar 국제구조공학회 2002 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.14 No.6

Indus Script:

Nisha Yadav,M. N. Vahia 훈민정음학회 2011 Scripta Vol.0 No.3

The Indus script is an undeciphered script of the ancient world. In spite of numerous attempts over several decades, the script has defied universally acceptable decipherment. In a recent series of papers (Yadav et al. 2010; Rao et al. 2009a, b; Yadav et al. 2008a, b) we have analysed the sequences of Indus signs which demonstrate presence of a rich syntax and logic in its structure. Here we focus on the structural design of individual signs of the Indus script. Our study is based on the sign list given in the concordance of Mahadevan (1977) which consists of 417 distinct signs. We analyse the structure of all signs in the sign list of Indus script and visually identify three types of design elements of Indus signs namely basic signs, provisional basic signs and modifiers. These elements combine in a variety of ways to generate the entire set of Indus signs. By comparing the environment of compound signs with all possible sequences of constituent basic signs, we show that sign compounding (ligaturing) and sign modification seem to change the meaning or add value to basic signs rather than save writing space. The study aims to provide an understanding of the general makeup and mechanics of design of Indus signs.

Indo-Korean Bilateral Economic and Business Co-operation-Legal Issues and Perspectives

( D. N. N. S. Yadav. Ll. D ) 영산대학교 법률연구소 2007 영산법률논총 Vol.4 No.1

Agent Based Performance Analysis of Strategic Algorithms in Prisoner’s Dilemma

Aastha Yadav,Chandini Bhambhani,Pronay Peddiraju,Ronnie D. Caytiles,N.Ch. S.N. Iyengar 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.2

To create a system that provides a comparison of multiple algorithms that may be tested in the Prisoner’s Dilemma decision problem using two subjects in a dual agent environment. As an addition to understanding the effects of various algorithms and logic that helps influence a single agent’s decision, our system aims at analysing the performance of the same algorithms in iterative and multi agent systems. The results are obtained by using concepts of Swarm Intelligence, Multiple Agent Systems and Super Agents within the testing system. The results of the research are to expose the advantages and disadvantages of each schema to help plan investments, predict outcomes and for real world application of the Prisoner’s Dilemma in fields of Environmental Sciences, Psychology, Economics and many more such fields.

A C⁰ finite element investigation for buckling of shear deformable laminated composite plates with random material properties

Singh, B.N.,Iyengar, N.G.R.,Yadav, D. Techno-Press 2002 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.13 No.1

Composites exhibit larger dispersion in their material properties compared to conventional materials due to larger number of parameters associated with their manufacturing processes. A $C^0$ finite element method has been used for arriving at an eigenvalue problem using higher order shear deformation theory for initial buckling of laminated composite plates. The material properties have been modeled as basic random variables. A mean-centered first order perturbation technique has been used to find the probabilistic characteristics of the buckling loads with different edge conditions. Results have been compared with Monte Carlo simulation, and those available in literature.