Molecular Epidemiology and Prevalence of Echovirus 30 in Zhejiang Province, China, from 2002 to 2015

( Yin Chen ),( Yi Sun ),( Juying Yan ),( Ziping Miao ),( Changping Xu ),( Yanjun Zhang ),( Haiyan Mao ),( Liming Gong ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.12

Echovirus serotype 30 (ECHO30) has been responsible for several recent worldwide outbreaks of viral meningitis. In Zhejiang Province, China, ECHO30 has been one of the main causes of viral meningitis for years. This study, using phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene, was performed to investigate the general molecular epidemiology and genetic patterns of ECHO30 circulating in Zhejiang Province between the years 2002 and 2015. The nucleotide sequences of ECHO30 VP1 showed that they were 64.8% identical with the prototype strain, Bastianni, while the amino acids were 84.9% identical. Phylogenetic analyses showed that ECHO30 in the Zhejiang area has diverged into two genotypes. Genotype I consists of strains isolated since 2002, whereas genotype II includes strains that were mainly isolated during the 2002 to 2004 outbreak. ECHO30 has been endemically circulating in both humans and the environment for a long period of time. Additionally, we evaluated the significance of recombination presented during the years 2005 to 2007 to demonstrate that recombination plays an important role in the prevalence of ECHO30 in the Zhejiang area.

The diversity, recombination and horizontal transmission of Wolbachia in spiders in China

Yang Xiao-Hui,Gong Yu-Hui,Xu Xiang,Yin Hai-Qiang,Zhu Dao-Hong 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3

Wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria. These intracellular bacteria are common in ar thropods and could manipulate host reproduction in diverse ways, such as feminization, parthenogenesis, male killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility. In spiders, infection by Wolbachia has been found in a total of 99 species belonging to 62 genera and 17 families. Furthermore, recent studies analyzed the phylogeny of Wolbachia in Hylyphantes graminicola, 2 cave spiders and Agelenopsis species using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach. However, the diversity of Wolbachia strains determined by MLST in spiders from China is still largely unknown. In this study, we collected 1153 spider individuals from Mangshan in China and screened for Wolbachia in 975 individuals representing 68 spider species belonging to 45 genera of 16 families. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationship between Wolbachia and their host spiders by MLST approach. We found novel infections of Wol bachia in 1 family, 9 genera and 20 species of spiders. We found 13 new Wolbachia strains and suggest that group A is more common than group B in Wolbachia that infect spiders. Our results revealed three recombination events of the concatenated multilocus sequences in Wolbachia that infect spiders. Furthermore, our results demonstrated the phylogenetic incongruence between Wolbachia and spiders, suggesting the horizontal transmission of Wol bachia in spiders. We suggest that recombination and horizontal transmission may play an important role in the diversity and evolution of Wolbachia in spiders.

Stable Sheet-Beam Transport in Periodic Nonsymmetric Quadrupole Field

Zhanliang Wang,Yubin Gong,Yanyu Wei,Zhaoyun Duan,Huarong Gong,Zhigang Lu,Lingna Yue,Hairong Yin,Jin Xu,Yuanbao Li,Pukun Liu,Gun-Sik Park IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.38 No.1

<P>Stable sheet electron-beam transport is critical for sheet-beam microwave device which is attractive for high-power millimeter wave to terahertz-regime radiation. This paper studies the stable sheet-beam transport in periodic nonsymmetric quadrupole field. First, the conditions for stable round- and sheet-beam transport in periodic magnetic quadrupole field are deduced. In the deduction, we find that the symmetric quadrupole field and the space-charge field of sheet beam are not well matched. In order to settle this problem, we use periodic nonsymmetric quadrupole field instead of periodic symmetric quadrupole field to transport sheet beam. Finally, 3-D PIC simulations verify the conditions for stable sheet-beam transport and show that periodic nonsymmetric quadrupole field is intrinsically well suited for sheet-beam transport.</P>

Epidemiological Investigation of Asymptomatic Dogs with Leishmania Infection in Southwestern China Where Visceral Leishmaniasis is Intractable

Gui-Hua Zhao,Kun Yin,Wei-Xia Zhong,Ting Xiao,Qing-Kuan Wei,Yong Cui,Gong-Zhen Liu,Chao Xu,Hong-Fa Wang 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.6

Heishui county, located in northwest Sichuan province, southwestern China, is an endemic area of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and is the most intractable area. VL is never destroyed in it. Asymptomatic dogs (Leishmania parasites have been diagnosed but clinically healthy) are considered to be a potential reservoir host in zoonotic VL area, and most can lead to infection of individuals, that is a new challenge for controlling VL in humans. The present study aimed to assess the Leishmania infection rate of asymptomatic dogs in Heishui county. Total 105 asymptomatic domestic dogs were gathered from 4 districts in Heishui county to investigate the infection rate with serological and molecular methods based on ELISA and kinetoplast minicircle DNA(kDNA) PCR, respectively. Out of 105 dogs, 44 (41.9%) were positive by more than 1 method; 21 (20.0%) were positive by ELISA, and 30 (28.6%) were positive by kDNA-PCR. Our study showed that Leishmania infection of domestic dogs which is clinically healthy is prevalent in the studied district, and the asymptomatic dogs infected by Leishmania may be the primary reason for the prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in the area.

CuO-doped Ce for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation degradation of quinoline wastewater under wide pH conditions

Zhaojie Jiao,Xianming Zhang,Haifeng Gong,Donglin He,Hong Yin,Yunqi Liu,Xu Gao 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-

This study aimed to treat toxic and refractory organic wastewater, and to address the limitations ofFenton method in treating organic wastewater, that the active components are easy to lose and usuallyoperate at the pH value of 2 3. In the present study, CuCe oxide catalyst was produced through citricacid-assisted complexation. Besides, the structural stability and catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO)performance of the catalyst after 5 times of application were delved into by characterization. The effectsof catalyst dosage and pH on quinoline removal were ascertained, while the reusability of the catalystwas explored. Moreover, the variations of pH, hydroxyl radical concentration and UV–Vis spectra inthe reaction system were analyzed. The possible degradation pathway and the catalytic mechanism werealso discussed. As suggested from the results, the catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity, structural stabilityand pH adaptability; it also had high CWPO performance for quinoline at the pH from 3.8 to 10.5,and the pH value need not be regulated. Under optimal conditions, 98.1% of quinoline and 86.1% of totalorganic carbon (TOC) were removed. In the CWPO process of quinoline, the OH attacked the nitrogen ringand the benzene ring in sequence.

Characterization of three serotonin receptors from the small white butterfly, <i>Pieris rapae</i>

Qi, Yi-xiang,Jin, Miao,Ni, Xu-yang,Ye, Gong-yin,Lee, Youngseok,Huang, Jia Elsevier 2017 Insect biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.87 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays a key role in modulating diverse physiological processes and behaviors in both protostomes and deuterostomes. These functions are mediated through the binding of serotonin to its receptors, which are recognized as potential insecticide targets. We investigated the sequence, pharmacology and tissue distribution of three 5-HT receptors (Piera5-HT<SUB>1A</SUB>, Piera5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB>, Piera5-HT<SUB>7</SUB>) from the small white butterfly <I>Pieris rapae</I>, an important pest of cultivated cabbages and other mustard family crops. Activation of Piera5-HT<SUB>1A</SUB> or Piera5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB> by 5-HT inhibited the production of cAMP in a dose-dependent manner. Stimulation of Piera5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> with 5-HT increased cAMP level significantly. Surprisingly, with the exception of 5-methoxytryptamine, agonists including α-methylserotonin, 8-Hydroxy-DPAT and 5-carboxamidotryptamine activated these receptors poorly. The results are consistent with previous findings in <I>Manduca sexta</I>. All three receptors were blocked by methiothepin, but ketanserin and yohimbine were not effective. The selective mammalian 5-HT receptor antagonists SB 216641 and SB 269970 displayed potent inhibition effects on Piera5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB> and Piera5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> respectively. The results we achieved here indicate that the pharmacological properties of Lepidoptera 5-HT receptors are quite different from those in other insects and vertebrates and may contribute to development of new selective pesticides. This study offers important information on three 5-HT receptors from <I>P. rapae</I> that will facilitate further analysis of the functions of 5-HT receptors in insects.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Serotonin receptors Piera5-HT<SUB>1A</SUB>, Piera5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB>, and Piera5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> from <I>Pieris rapae</I> were cloned and examined. </LI> <LI> Upon serotonin activation, Piera5-HT<SUB>1A</SUB> and Piera5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB> inhibited cAMP production whereas Piera5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> induced it. </LI> <LI> All three receptors were poorly activated by serotoninergic agonists, indicating their distinct pharmacological properties. </LI> <LI> All three receptors were blocked by methiothepin; SB 216641 and SB 269970 inhibited Pr5-HT<SUB>1B</SUB> and Pr5-HT<SUB>7</SUB>, respectively. </LI> <LI> All three receptors were highly expressed in neuronal tissues while Pr5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> mRNA predominated in the gut. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Fatty Acid Profile of Muscles from Crossbred Angus-Simmental, Wagyu-Simmental, and Chinese Simmental Cattles

Ting Liu,Jian-Ping Wu,Zhao-Min Lei,Ming Zhang,Xu-Yin Gong,Shu-Ru Cheng,Yu Liang,Jian-Fu Wang 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.4

This study assessed breed differences in fatty acid composition and meat quality of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) and semitendinosus (SE) of Angus× Chinese Simmental (AS), Wagyu×Chinese Simmental (WS), and Chinese Simmental (CS). CS (n=9), AS (n=9) and WS (n=9) were randomly selected from a herd of 80 bulls which were fed and managed under similar conditions. Fatty acid profile and meat quality parameters were analyzed in duplicate. Significant breed difference was observed in fatty acid and meat quality profiles. AS exhibited significantly (p<0.05) lower C16:0 and higher C18:1n9c compared with CS. AS breed also had a tendency (p<0.10) to lower total saturated fatty acid (SFA), improve C18:3n3 and total unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) compared with CS. Crossbreed of AS and WS had significantly (p<0.05) improved the lightness, redness, and yellowness of muscles, and lowered cooking loss, pressing loss, and shear force compared with CS. These results indicated that fatty acid composition and meat quality generally differed among breeds, although the differences were not always similar in different tissues. Fatty acid composition, meat color, water holding capacity, and tenderness favored AS over CS. Thus, Angus cattle might be used to improve fatty acid and meat quality profiles of CS, and AS might contain better nutritive value, organoleptic properties, and flavor, and could be potentially developed as an ideal commercial crossbreed.