An Artificial Tongue Fluorescent Sensor Array for Identification and Quantitation of Various Heavy Metal Ions

Xu, Wang,Ren, Changliang,Teoh, Chai Lean,Peng, Juanjuan,Gadre, Shubhankar Haribhau,Rhee, Hyun-Woo,Lee, Chi-Lik Ken,Chang, Young-Tae American Chemical Society 2014 ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY - Vol.86 No.17

<P>Herein, a small-molecule fluorescent sensor array for rapid identification of seven heavy metal ions was designed and synthesized, with its sensing mechanism mimicking that of a tongue. The photoinduced electron transfer and intramolecular charge transfer mechanism result in combinatorial interactions between sensor array and heavy metal ions, which lead to diversified fluorescence wavelength shifts and emission intensity changes. Upon principle component analysis (PCA), this result renders clear identification of each heavy metal ion on a 3D spatial dispersion graph. Further exploration provides a concentration-dependent pattern, allowing both qualitative and quantitative measurements of heavy metal ions. On the basis of this information, a “safe-zone” concept was proposed, which provides rapid exclusion of versatile hazardous species from clean water samples based on toxicity characteristic leaching procedure standards. This type of small-molecule fluorescent sensor array could open a new avenue for multiple heavy metal ion detection and simplified water quality analysis.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancham/2014/ancham.2014.86.issue-17/ac501953z/production/images/medium/ac-2014-01953z_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ac501953z'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

마그네슘 풍부 해양미네랄 용액이 hairless 마우스의 아토피성 피부염에 미치는 영향

김동희,이규재,최주봉,이영미,윤양숙,김정례,장병수,양용석 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.3

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing inflammatory skin disease that often has asthma and allergic rhinitis. Magnesium salts, the important component of minerals in Dead Sea water, are known to exhibit beneficial effects in inflammatory disease. Favorable effects of magnesium ions and sea water treated to the skin of patients with contact dermatitis have been reported. But histological and immunological investigations are insufficient. This study was performed to examine the inhibitory effect of magnesium-rich sea mineral water on the development of AD-like skin lesions in hairless mice. AD-like skin lesions are induced by the repeated application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Local application of magnesium-rich sea mineral water on hairless mice skin applied with DNCB inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant increase in skin hydration (p<0.01), and a decrease in epidermal water loss (p<0.01). Serum IgE level was also significantly decreased (p<0.01). These results suggest that magnesiumrich sea mineral water inhibits the development of DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions in hairless mice. These observations indicate that magnesium-rich sea mineral water may be alternative and assistant substances for the management of AD. 아토피성 피부염은 주로 천식과 비염 등을 동반하는, 주위에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 만성 염증성 피부질환으로 유전학적, 환경적, 면역학적 요인이 복잡하게 연관되어 발병한다. 해수에 포함된 마그네슘염은 피부에 작용하여 피부장벽을 보호하는 것으로 알려지고 그에 대한 면역학적인 연구와 조직학적 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 이번 연구에서는 피부염을 인위적으로 일으키는 hapten 형성물질인 DNCB를 hairless mice에 도포하여 아토피 피부염 동물 모델로 만든 후, 마그네슘이 다량 함유된 해양 미네랄수를 처리한 후 피부장벽에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. DNCB로 피부염을 유발한 hairless mice에 해양미네랄수를 국소적으로 도포하였을 때 유의한 피부수분함량이 증가와 경피수분손실의 감소를 확인하였다 (p<0.01). 피부측정에서 피부거칠기(skin roughness, p<0.05)와 스케일생성 (skin scaliness, p<0.01)은 실험군에서 유의한 개선효과를 나타내었으며 조직학적 검사에서도 피부손상지수의 유의한 감소 (p<0.01)와 비만세포와 (p<0.01) 호산구의 감소(p<0.05) 소견을 보였고 또한 혈청 IgE의 감소를 관찰할 수 있었다(p<0.01). 이상과 같이 마그네슘이 다량 함유된 해양 미네랄수 도포는 피부장벽의 손상을 줄이고 피부수분손실을 효과적으로 줄임으로 아토피성 피부염 증상 유발을 억제할수 있음을 확인하였다. 현재까지 아토피성 피부염의 관리를 위하여 세라마이드나 식물성 오일의 보습제가 주로 활용되고 있는 상황에서 부가적인 피부장벽의 보호를 위하여 탈염 해양 미네랄수의 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단되며 장기적으로 아토피 피부염치료의 대체, 혹은 보조적 물질로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles of Liver Stellate Cells During Liver Regeneration in Rats

Xu Cunshuan,Chen Xiaoguang,Chang Cuifang,Wang Gaiping,Wang Wenbo,Zhang Lianxing,Zhu Qiushi,Wang Lei,Zhang Fuchun 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.31 No.1

This study performed a large-scale, high-throughput analy-sis of transcriptional profiling of liver stellate cells (LSCs) at the cellular level to investigate changes in the biological activity of LSCs during rat liver regeneration (LR) and the relation of these changes to LR. First, a rat liver regeneration model was established by partial hepatectomy (PH). Stellate cells were isolated in high purity and yield from the regenerating rat liver by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and immunomagnetic bead sorting. The changes in gene expression of LSCs after PH were examined using a rat genome 230 2.0 array composed of 24622 genes. The results indicated that 10241 of the 24622 genes investigated on the array were differentially expressed in LSCs. Of the 10241 genes, 1563 known genes were related to LR, which were grouped into three major gene expression clusters according to three-fold cut-off threshold: the up-regulated gene cluster, the down-regulated gene cluster, and the cluster composed of genes showing complex changes in expression. Additionally, the genes were grouped into those involved in transcription regulation, signal transduction, transport, cellular metabolism, in-flammation and immunity by functional analysis. When gene expression profiles were combined with the results of gene functional analysis, most of the genes involved in cytokine secretion and retinol metabolism in LSCs were significantly enriched in the cluster characterized by decreased expression, whereas genes involved in lipid metabolism were mostly enriched in the cluster showing increased expression. Based on further analysis of genes expressed in a phase-dependent manner during LR, it was suggested that lipid metabolism in LSCs was enhanced in the whole regeneration process, and that immune response and cytokine secretion were impaired during all three regenerative phases.

LIGHT-DEPENDENT CHANGES OF CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE AND XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE PIGMENTS IN MAIZE LEAVES DURING DESICCATION

Xu, Chang-Cheng,Lee, Choon-Hwan,Zou, Qi Korean Society of Photoscience 1998 Journal of Photosciences Vol.5 No.1

Changes of chlorophyll fluorescence and xanthophyll cycle pigment contents in maize leaves were investigated dunng desiccation in darkness or in the light. In darkness, a drastic dehydration of detached maize leaves down to 50% relative water content (RWC) affected photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and pht)tochemical quenching (qP) only slightly. In contrast, desiccation in the light with a moderate intensity led to a pronounced reduction in Fv/Fm with a Fo quenching when RWC was greater than 70%. This reduction in Fv/Fm could be recovered in darkness under hutrod condition. In leaves with RWC below 70%, significant reduction in Fv/Fm was accompanied by an increase of Fo, which could not be reversed within 5 h in darkness under humid condition. The nonphotochemical quenching increased during desiccation in the light with a concomitant rise in zeaxanthin at the expense of violaxanthin. Pretreatment with dithiothreitol (DTT), an inhibitor of zeaxanthin synthesis, inhibited the development of nonphotochemical quenching and prevented the xanthophyll interconversion during desiccation in the light. These results suggest that even light with a moderate intensity becomes excessive under dehydration and zeaxanthin-associated photoprotection of photosynthetic apparatus against photodamage is involved, but the protection is not complete against severe desiccation.

Cross Fertility between the Whild Japanese Quail in the Weishan Lake Area and Domestic Quail

W.Xu,H.Chang,H.Y.Wang,G.B.Chang,L.Du,S.X.Lu,H.Q.Yi,Q.Xu,M.Xu,Q.H.Wang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.10

Suppression of zeaxanthin epoxidation by chloroplast phosphatase inhibitors in rice leaves

Xu, Chang Cheng,Jeon, Young Ah,Hwang, Hong Jin,Lee, Choon-Hwan 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1999 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.15 No.-

Leaves of Oryza sativa L. plants were fed with fluoride or molybdate, two classical inhibitors of chloroplast phosphatases, through their epicotyls for 3 h in darkness, in each case followed by a 6-h exposure to a photosynthetic photon foux density of 150 μmol m^-2 s^-1 at 4℃. During chilling treatment, the PSII photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m) decreased in parallel with an increase in the level of zeaxanthin. Pretreatment with the phosphatase inhibitors led to a greater reduction in F_v/F_m and an increased rate of zeaxanthin accumulation. During dark-incubation at 22℃ after chilling, the zeaxanthin epoxidation was strikingly suppressed by the phosphatase inhibitors. When leaves were preincubated with either fluoride or salicylaldoxime, an inhibitor of epoxidase, even an illumination of 60 μmol m^-2 s^-1 at room temperature for 1.5 h could cause an accumulation of zeaxanthin up to the level comparable to that observed in 6-h light-chilled leaves. The zeaxanthin epoxidation during subsequent dark-incubation was significantly suppressed by these two chemicals. In vitro experiments with uncoupled thylakoids isolated from chilled leaves revealed that the retarding effect of phosphatase inhibitors on zeaxanthin epoxidation could not be ascribed to the maintenance of a trans-thylakoid proton gradient nor to the limitation of cosubstrates for epoxidase. The possible mechanistic basis for inhibitory effect of phosphatase inhibitors on zeaxanthin epoxidation is discussed. ⓒ 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synthesis and Properties of Rod -Coil Triblock Copolymers

Chang Li Xu,고윤수,권용구 한국고분자학회 2007 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2007 No.4

Distinctions Between Clinicopathological Factors and Prognosis of Alpha-fetoprotein Negative and Positive Hepatocelluar Carcinoma Patients

Xu, Jia,Liu, Chang,Zhou, Lei,Tian, Feng,Tai, Ming-Hui,Wei, Ji-Chao,Qu, Kai,Meng, Fan-Di,Zhang, Ling-Qiang,Wang, Zhi-Xin,Zhang, Jing-Yao,Chang, Hu-Lin,Liu, Si-Nan,Xu, Xin-Shen,Song, Yan-Zhou,Liu, Jun,Z Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a significant marker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, some proportion of liver cancer patients are AFP-negative (AFP ${\leq}$20ng/ml). In order to study the differences between clinicopathological factors and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein negative and positive patients, a total of 114 cases (41 AFP-negative and 73 AFP-positive) were selected for our research. By systematically statistical analysis, the results demonstrated that compared with AFP-negative patients, AFP-positive examples were more likely to feature cirrhosis nodules, non-complete neoplasm capsules, and a poor Edmondson-steiner grade. Furthermore, AFP-negative patients demonstrated a favorable long-term prognosis. By univariate analysis and multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model, multiple tumors were found to be independent risk factors for worse survival of AFP negative patients; however, less tumor-free margins, multiple tumors and Edmondson-steiner grades III/IV, proved to be independent risk factors leading to a poor prognosis of AFP positive cases. Finally, we can infer that high levels of AFP signify a highly malignant tumor and unfavorable prognosis.

Experimental Validation of Numerical Model for Turbulent Flow in a Tangentially Fired Boiler with Platen Reheaters

Chang Hao Zheng,Xu Chang Xu,Jong Wook Choi 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.1

A I: 20 laboratory scale test rig of a 200 MW tangentially fired boiler is built up with completely simulated structures such as platen heaters and burners. Iso-thermal turbulent flow in the boiler is mapped by 3-D PDA (Particle Dynamic Analyzer). The 3-D numerical models for the same case are proposed based on the solution of k-ε model closed RANS (Reynolds time-Averaged Navier-Stokes) equations. which are written in the framework of general coordinates and discretized in the corresponding body-fitted meshes. Not only are the grid lines arranged to fit the inner/outer boundaries, but also to align with the streamlines to the best<br/> possibility in order to reduce the NDE (numerical diffusion errors). Extensive comparisons of profiles of mean velocities are carried out between experiment and calculation. Predicted velocities in burner region were quantitatively similar with measured ones, while those in other area have same tendency with experimental counterpart.<br/>

Research on leisure sports in Jiangsu province

( Xu Chang Nan ) 대한운동사협회 2017 대한운동사협회 운동사대회자료집 Vol.2017 No.-